Unified building of engineering industry in Chelyabinsk

Contents

1. Building Summary Input, Backbone

2. Construction Structure Demand List

3. Bill of Lading of RB Volumes

4. Calculation of labor costs and machine time

5. Calculation of brig composition

6. Selection of erection crane, vehicles and grips

7. Technical and economic indicators of various versions of integrated mechanization of installation units

8. Main decisions on arrangement of installation of prefabricated structures with justification of accepted method of mounting

9. Technical and economic indicators by process unit

10. Input for Construction Gene Plan Design

11. Calculation of Time Positions

12. Calculation of storage areas

13. Calculation of Construction Requirements in

14. Calculation of Electrical Energy Requirements

15. Technical and economic indicators by gender

16. List of used literature

8. Main decisions on arrangement of prefabricated structures installation with justification of accepted installation method

The following works shall be performed prior to installation of the frame structures:

• foundations for the columns were erected and their design position was checked;

• sinuses of foundations are filled;

• movement paths of mounting cranes are indicated;

• installation equipment delivered to the installation area of the structures;

• hairlines of laying axes are applied on foundation sleeves;

• access roads and roads are arranged;

• Storage sites prepared.

Installation of structures is carried out with preliminary storage in the area of the installation crane in the process sequence of their installation. Structures are unloaded and laid out by boom crane, separate lifting team.

The facility shall have at least 4 shifts of structural stock.

Installation of columns

Columns are delivered to the place of their installation and laid out in the area of the installation crane. Columns are laid out in "rib" position. The column heel shall be located next to the foundation, the catcher is directed to the span during installation. Each column should be inspected to identify a possible defect. The columns are lifted to the vertical position by turning the column around its lower end, that is, by turning the crane boom towards the lower end of the column while simultaneously lifting its upper built-up end with a unified crosspiece, the bottom of the column remains in place.

Installation of columns in foundation sleeves is carried out by risks applied to columns and foundations. Reconciliation and temporary fixation of the column is carried out using wedges. After temporary fixation geodetic check (theodolite) of mounted column position in plan and height is performed. Design elevations of column support platforms in height are provided by installation of reinforced concrete linings on the bottom of the foundation cup, which eliminate the need for a leveling layer of concrete and facilitate vertical alignment of the columns.

Linings measuring 100x100 mm, 20-30 mm thick from 200 grade mortar are reinforced with a mesh with 10x10 mm cells made of steel wire with a diameter of 1 mm. Elevations of support platforms as well as cup bottom are controlled by geometric leveling method.

The column is then trapped in a foundation cup. To quickly gain design strength with concrete, electrical heating of joints is used, while concrete gains 70% of design strength in two days. Wedges are removed after concrete gains at least 50% of design strength.

Disassembly of columns installed in design position is performed only after their fixation in cups.

Vertical connections are established along extreme and middle rows of columns to provide rigidity of building in longitudinal direction in the middle of temperature compartment. Connection of vertical links with column-we is made on welding. Embedded parts are provided for attachment of links in columns.

Installation of crane beams

Crane beams are mounted after installation and final fixation of columns. During installation of crane beams, the hairlines on the lower end faces of the beams must coincide with the breaking axial hairlines on the column consoles. To provide design elevations of crane beams prior to their installation, levelling of column cantilever elevations is performed. The highest level is taken as the design elevation, and equalizing metal plates of the required thickness are welded to embedded articles of the cantilevers of the remaining columns, which are selected taking into account the actual height of the beam and the elevation of the support part of the cantilever. To determine position of layout axis of adjacent row of beams in span, first and last beams are adjusted by measuring by means of steel roulette time-measure of base axis of bridge crane from installed row and by application of lighthouse marks on first and last beams. The remaining beams of the row are aligned by aligning their geometric axes with the layout axis.

Crane beams are stored on wooden gaskets. Pe-front slings are attached to the beam to keep the beam from hitting the column and turning to the desired position before installation. Steel crane beams are lifted by crossbeam. The installers, standing on the stairs - platforms, are guided by risks and set the beam in the design position. Beams are attached to columns and to each other by anchor bolts installed during manufacture in cantilever, then embedded parts are welded and disassembled.

Installation of rafter trusses

By the beginning of installation of trusses, concrete in the joints of the columns must gain non-bypassing strength, and crane beams must also be installed. Before lifting, braces are attached to rafter trusses. Lifting is carried out using a crossbeam. It is lifted 0.5 m above the column and gradually lowered, setting the crossbeam to the design position, combining hairlines, then fixed by welding embedded parts and tightening anchor bolts.

During installation of the first two rafter trusses, stability is provided by braces fixed to the column base. The subsequent temporary stability of the trusses is carried out by inventory spacers, which are attached no closer than 3 m from the support on the column. Spacers and braces are removed after installation and welding of the second coating panel, which forms stiffness of the assembled structure.

Installation of coating plates

The coating slabs are slung with a 4-branch sling or through a crossbeam. Before lifting, the slabs are equipped with an inventory barrier, which is attached to mounting loops. Plates are laid from edge to center of coating. During the installation of the first coating, the installers are on the stairs, the subsequent plates are mounted from the previously laid ones. The first plate is welded at 4 points, and all the rest - at 3 points to embedded parts of the truss. Plate joints are frozen simultaneously with mounting. Storage of slabs is carried out in storage areas in the installation area one by one in a packet through wooden gaskets.

Installation of wall panels

Wall panels on the construction site are stored in special cassettes, which are located opposite the installation area in a non-bypassing amount. Installation is carried out in cells from bottom up to the entire height of the building. The workstations of the installers are organized from the inside of the building using stairs - platforms or a crank lift. The installation crane is located outside the building. The panels are slung behind the mounting loops with two-branch slings, brought to the design position on the weight and, after checking the correctness of the installation, fixed to the design position by welding embedded parts to the columns and freed from slings. Joints of wall panel are frozen by mechanized method. Then one performs caulking, hemp and stitching. Sealing is carried out on the inner side of the building.

10. Baseline for Construction Plot Plan Design

This construction master plan was developed for the construction of a one-story full-scale industrial building from large-element structures of factory manufacture - "Unified Building of the Machine-Building Industry." The building consists of the following structural elements: columns, crane beams, trusses, roof plates and external wall panels.

The size of the construction site is 230, 7xdonbass 3 m. The project provides for the construction of single-lane access roads with a road width of 4 m; temporary buildings for workers:

1) Office

2) Wardrobe

3) Shower

4) Drying and heating of workers

5) Food room

6) Restroom

Temporary networks are also provided:

1) Temporary water supply

2) Temporary sewage

3) Temporary Electric Power Line

4) Temporary lighting line

Connection of 2 fire hydrants is provided to the existing water supply network. All temporary networks are connected to existing utility networks.

Environmental protection activities,

safety and fire protection.

When organizing construction production, special work should be carried out to protect the environment: to prevent air, water and soil pollution, preserve wood and bush vegetation, and ensure land reclamation.

The following provisions shall be followed in the construction and installation works. Incineration at construction site of wastes and residues of materials, in particular, reels on bitumen mastic, insulating materials, dyes, etc. is not allowed. On the territory of the object under construction, the unintended reduction of shrub vegetation and the filling of root necks and trunks of growing trees and shrubs with soil are not allowed. To prevent contamination of surface water, it is necessary to catch contaminated water when washing vehicles.

The organization of workplaces should ensure the safety of work. Workplaces shall be equipped with the necessary fences, protective and safety devices. Access of unauthorized persons to the workplace should be prohibited. New construction workers can be allowed to work only after they have received safety induction and safety training directly at the workplace. Posters, warning signs and instructions on T.B. should be displayed in all construction areas, roads and other places where it is necessary according to the working conditions.

On construction sites it is necessary: to ensure the correct storage of materials and products in order to prevent the ignition of flammable and combustible materials, to protect welding sites, to remove construction debris in a timely manner, to allow smoking only in specially designated places, to strictly observe other fire safety rules.

The responsibility for fire safety at the construction site and subsidiary farms under them, for the organization of fire protection, its own-temporary execution of fire prevention measures and the proper maintenance of fire extinguishing equipment in general rests with the construction manager.

Measures aimed at ensuring the safety of materials, products, structures and equipment at the construction site.

To ensure the safety of materials at the construction site, it is necessary to:

- provide fencing of the construction site

- organize storage of materials and other structures

- arrange parking of cars

- equip fire extinguishing equipment

- organize site security out of hours

- provide telephone and other types of communication

- equip storage rooms with alarm

- provide lighting of the site at night.

Important is the organization of safety measures: the presence of alarm and warning signs. Pay attention to fire safety: compliance with all fire safety regulations. It is necessary to clearly organize security measures and their timely implementation.