Kinematic calculation of the main motion drive and feed motion of the long-rack machine

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. OVERVIEW OF METAL CUTTING MACHINES

1.1 Overview of structures of modern machines similar to the designed

1.2 Purpose, operating principle, structure and control system of the prototype machine

1.3 Calculation and justification of the main technical characteristics of the machine

1.4 Description of purpose and operation principle of designed units

1.5 Substantiation of the design of the main basic elements (frames, guides) of the machine and material selection

2. KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE MACHINE

2.1 Description of the machine kinematic diagram

2.2 Kinematic calculation, construction of structural grid and rotation speed graph of the main motion drive spindle

2.3 Calculation of drive power and torque on shafts

3. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE DESIGNED MACHINE

4. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MACHINE OPERATION

5. JUSTIFICATION OF THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF THE MACHINE

6. DESIGN OF CUTTING TOOL USED ON MACHINE

6.1.The purpose of the cutting tool, structural elements and technical requirements for the cutting tool

6.2 Calculation of geometric parameters of cutting tool

CONCLUSION

LIST OF SOURCES USED

Project Description

Course work: 28 p., 8 Fig., 4 Table, 11 sources.

The object and subject of the study are the drive of the main movement and the drive of the supply of the long-rack machine.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the drive of the main motion and the feed motion of the long-rack machine.

An area of ​ ​ application of the knowledge obtained during the course work is the possibility of applying it in production.

Technical - the economic significance of this work extends to all subsequent work of the author both in university and in production.

The author confirms that the calculated analytical material given in the course work correctly and objectively reflects the state of the studied process, and all theoretical, methodological and methodological provisions and concepts borrowed from literary and other sources are accompanied by references to their authors.

Introduction

Mechanical engineering is the largest complex industry that determines the level of scientific and technological progress in the entire national economy, since it provides all industries with machines, equipment, devices, and the population with consumer goods. It also includes metalworking, repair of machines and equipment. It is particularly characterized by a deepening of the specialization of production and its expansion.

There is much in common in the apparatus of metal cutting machines. This is due to the very essence of the cutting process.

The basis of the device of metal-cutting machines is formed by set of the mechanisms and other technical devices providing mainly two movements - the movement of cutting (cutter, a mill, a drill, etc.) and the movement of giving of preparation or the cutting tool.

Currently, the task of improving the efficiency of exposure is near

existing equipment is set to increase production

automation equipment equipped with microprocessors and small computers,

and flexible production systems.

New machines of various nologic purposes, progressive

cutting tool designs provide an automatic process

processing, reduction of time for equipment adjustment, possibility

multi-site service, product quality improvement,

productivity and culture of production.

The importance of the machine building complex is difficult to overestimate. Its most important task is to realize the achievements of scientific and technological progress, ensure integrated mechanization and automation of production, supply the national economic sectors with new equipment, and satisfy the population with modern consumer goods.

Operation and maintenance of the designed machine

The durability of the machine largely depends on the conditions of its operation and repair. With properly organized operations and repairs, machines can sometimes serve for several decades.

Maintenance of the machine consists in maintaining it in good condition and cleanliness, timely lubrication. Machine serviceability is maintained by its systematic inspection before operation, elimination of detected malfunctions (tightening of tightening wedges, bolts, etc.).

Usually at each machine there is a lubrication card in which: all lubricating points; grades of oils used for each lubrication point; Quantity of lubricant input for each point method of introduction and periodicity of lubrication.

Lubricants for strict and long machine tools are mainly machine oil L and solidol. Lubrication areas and lubricant shall be clean.

The machine tool shall monitor the condition of the drive belts and protection devices installed at the moving parts. Lubricants should not be allowed to get on the belt: the salted belt begins to slip along the pulley and quickly wears out. Below are the basic rules for preparing and inspecting the machine before and after the operation.

Before starting work:

o inspect and make sure that feed mechanisms and speeds are serviceable;

o check the presence of oil in the centralized lubrication tank;

o Lubricate the rubbing pairs to which the centralized lubrication does not fall (slide guides, transverse and longitudinal feed screws, etc.).

After completion of operation:

o set the mechanism carrying out the main movement to a position in which: in a longitudinal-strict machine, the table completely covers the bed; in a transverse-strict machine

o the slider is in the initial position, the slider guides must be completely hidden at the long machine;

o check the degree of heating of the motor and bearings. When overheating, inform the master;

o clean and wipe the machine table;

o lubricate guide slides of calipers.

Safety and

Environmental Requirements for Machine Operation

When working on dental machines, it is necessary to observe the safety rules common to metalworking equipment (continuous, milling, grinding machines). At the same time, tooth processing poses its own specific requirements. So, when designing tooth processing machines, it is necessary to provide protective shields that protect the cutting zone. As a rule, the tooth-cutting tool is multi-toothed, with sharp cutting edges, so when using it, special precautions must be observed: install and remove the tool from the machine in the sleeves, and have metal brushes to clean the tool from chips. During machine operation, the machined part cannot be inspected and the machine adjusted to size. It is necessary to store expensive cutting tools in special containers. Removal and installation of blanks on the machine should not be done with a rotating tool.

The development of industry and the development of new, more efficient technological processes in order to increase productivity has led to an increase in all kinds of industrial waste generated together with finished products as a result of the processing of various natural resources and causing environmental pollution, environmental processes are also sources of noise and vibration. In mechanical engineering and metalworking, the most important from the point of view of pollution of the air basin are a variety of dust - particles of solid substances in the air.

Production wastewater is called water used by an industrial enterprise and to be treated from various Other impurities. The latter include emulsions of insoluble in water

(e.g. oils) weighed in the form of more or less small wells, and suspension - suspension of solid particles, which can be several millimeters in size.

Industrial noise of great intensity not only affects the hearing organs, but also has a general negative effect on the human body, increasing its fatigue, diffusing its attention. Noise can lead to reduced productivity, increased marriage, injuries and chronic diseases.

Justification of economic efficiency of the machine

The equipment of this type has a number of advantages that advantageously distinguish it from other metalworking machines:

financial savings;

ease of operation (peculiarities of the machined part installation on the desktop);

possibility to treat inclined planes

the gear machine engine is most often common, serving all working and auxiliary movements, however, there are 2 separate motors in the machine;

bearing system of machine provides constant axial distance between chisel and workpiece during processing.

Designing a Cutting Tool Used on a Machine

Cutting Tool Purpose, Structural Elements and Technical Requirements for Cutting Tool

Dolbyak is a metal cutting tool that is used to cut teeth, toothed crowns, toothed racks.

The lobe has the form of a gear wheel equipped with cutting elements with a corresponding sharpening .

The dolbyak is made of fast-cutting steel.

The main types of doldrums:

- denture disk chisels,

- tail chisels,

- calyx dentures.

Shanks are the most versatile tooth-cutting tool for cutting cylindrical wheels. They can cut any cylindrical wheel with external and internal engagement, but the advantage of the shoulder is found in the following cases:

1) at cutting of teeth of block wheels and wheels with shoulders,

2) for treatment of wheels with internal engagement,

3) for cutting of chevron wheels without groove for tool outlet,

4) for cutting of precise toothed racks by fission method.

5) for cutting small-module wheels with module m < 1.5

Conclusion

During the course project, the technological capabilities of the Model E39A continuous rack machine, the device and the principle of its operation were familiarized. During the course design, a kinematic analysis of the long-rack machine was carried out. It was also familiarized with the rules of operation and maintenance of the machine and safety requirements when working on it. The cutting tool used on the machine has been tested.

During the course project, knowledge about the kinematics of machine tools was used, GOST, regulatory documents and reference literature were used. And also for the development of drawings used the program as kompas V12.