Diploma in Design

Contents

Contents

Introduction

1 Research part

1.1 Characteristics of the enterprise

1.2 Structure of the enterprise management system

1.3 Characteristics of the design object

1.4 Rationale of thesis project topic

2 Design and processing part

2.1 Substantiation of rolling stock size accepted for calculation

2.2 Calculation of the production program for maintenance and maintenance

2.3 Calculation of the number of production workers

2.4 Process calculation of production areas

2.5 Calculation of areas of production premises

3 Design Part

3.1 General information about the designed object

3.2 Calculation of cantilever-rotary crane

3.3 Calculation of bolted connection

3.4 Procedure for removal and disassembly of GAZ-66 and GAZ engine -

3.5 Selection of equipment and tools of maintenance and maintenance zone

4 Occupational safety

4.1 General provisions

4.2 Calculation of heating of the production building

4.3 Calculation of ventilation for maintenance area and TR

4.4 Lighting calculation

4.5 Fire Safety Requirements

5 Economic part

5.1 General Information

5.2 Project Investment Calculation

5.3 Calculation of operating costs

5.4 Taxes attributable to financial results

5.5 Project Business Revenue

5.6 Calculation of Book Profit

5.7 Calculation of income tax

5.8 Calculation of net profit

5.9 Economic profit on the project

5.10 Calculation of commercial efficiency of the project

Conclusion

List of sources used

Thesis Project Assignment

Project theme: _ Design of maintenance area on the basis of Komigrazhdanproekt OJSC __________________

1. Project Input:

Materials of pre-diploma practice.

P.F. Dunaev, O.P. Lelikov. Design of machine assemblies and parts.

M.: Vysh. shk., 1998. - 447 p. Anuryev V.I. Handbook of the designer: In 3 tons. T. 3.-M: Mechanical Engineering, 1982. -576 p. Anuryev V.I. Handbook of the Designer: In 3 tons. T. 2.-M: Mechanical Engineering, 1982. -584 s. Machine details. Atlas of constructions. Ed. Reshetova D.N. Ed. 5th in two parts. M., Engineering, 1992. 368 pages.

Material Resistance Handbook/Pisarenko G. S., Yakovlev A. P., Matveev V. V. - 2nd ed., Conversion. and additional - Kiev: Sciences. Dumka, 1988-736 s.

Bolshakov N. M., Evdokimov B. P. Diploma design. - 2nd edition, supplement - Syktyvkar: SLI, 2001.- 182 s. Diploma design: Methodological guidelines for students of specialties 150200 and 230100 of all forms of study/Comp. A.V. Ladanov, I.P. Semenyuk, L.E. Yeremeyev. - Syktyvkar: SLI, 2004.- 30 s. Napolsky G. M. Technological design of motor transport enterprises and maintenance stations: Textbook for universities. - 2nd edition, redesign. and additional - M.: Transport, 1993.- 271 p. Davidovich L. N. Design of road transport enterprises. - M.: Transport, 1985.- 392 s.

2. List of issues to be developed or investigated (based on UMO methodological recommendations in specialties), for example:

- research part: the section describes the enterprise, presents the management structure, as well as the technological process of the production and technical base. _________________________________

- calculation and processing part: this part presents the calculation of the production program, calculation of the number of workers in the maintenance and maintenance section. ______________________

- design part: the cantilever-turning crane and the necessary equipment are designed. _________________ _____________

- occupational safety and environmental safety: general requirements for occupational safety in the industry are reflected, the procedure for selection and training of personnel at this enterprise is shown, analysis of hazardous and harmful factors during work and measures to protect personnel from harmful and dangerous factors are carried out. ________________________________________

- Economic part: in this section the calculations necessary for the evaluation of the project effectiveness have been carried out. ___________________________________

- other sections: __________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

3. List of graphic material:

Plot Plan _____________________________________ -1 Sheet (A1)

Organization structure of the enterprise __________________ 1 sheet (A1)

Zone TO and TP before reconstruction __________________________ 1 leaf (A1)

Zone TO and TP after reconstruction _______________________ 1 leaf (A1)

The block is the process flow diagram of repair ___________ 1 leaf (A1)

The console and rotary crane in work _____________________ 1 leaf (A1)

Console and rotary crane _____________________________ 1 leaf (A1)

The console and rotary crane - the detailing ________________ 1 leaf (A1)

Project cost-effectiveness indicators _________ 1 sheet (A1)

Paper

Tyrina N.V. Maintenance and maintenance area design. Diploma project, SLI, Department of AiAH, LTF. Hands. ave. Malashchuk P.A. - Syktyvkar 2012 - Gr. part 9 l. f. A1; PP 86 p., 4 Fig., 20 Table, 16 sources.

MAINTENANCE, MAINTENANCE, TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS, MALFUNCTIONS, TECHNOLOGICAL BASE, MODERNISATION, OPERABILITY, MEANS OF MECHANIZATION, LABOUR INPUT, IDLE TIME.

The research part provides a brief description of the enterprise of Komigrazhdanproekt OJSC, reflects the scope of activity, management structure, number of rolling stock, number of employees and mode of operation.

In the calculation and processing part, the following calculations were made: the production program for the maintenance of rolling stock, the scope of work, the number of production workers and the number of posts.

In the design part, the selection of electric steel and I-beam is made, as well as the calculation of the attachment. Technical characteristics of the cantilever crane: lifting capacity up to 1t, with lifting height up to 3 m and moving radius up to 180 °.

The advantages of introducing a crane: providing high-quality repairs to existing cars, saving time and reducing the labor input for maintenance and maintenance.

The occupational safety section contains general regulations, rules for occupational safety and fire safety, as well as environmental safety standards and calculations. Calculations of systems: ventilation, heating and lighting.

In the economic part, the total value of fixed assets, the calculation of economic efficiency and the payback period were calculated. Based on the verified calculations of the project's economic efficiency, the following conclusion can be drawn: when investing funds in the amount of about 280,000 rubles, the project's efficiency in the second year of implementation will be - the amount of net discounted income is about 170,000 rubles, the yield index is 1.636 and the payback period is 1.2 years.

Introduction

In our time, road transport is very important; in terms of cargo and passenger transportation, transport occupies the first place.

The car park of our country is constantly growing every day. The Ministry of Road Transport of the Russian Federation has set a number of tasks:

Increase in freight and passenger traffic in road transport;

Improving the organization and technology of maintenance and repair of cars, improving the quality of the cited works;

Reduce repair downtime, material and labor costs

Maximum equipping of each workplace with the necessary technological equipment, tools and accessories.

Much attention is paid to the organization of passenger transportation in cities and settlements. Measures are being taken to increase the fleet of passenger and freight transport, to improve the quality of service to the population. Advanced methods of maintenance management and repair in road transport are being implemented.

To improve the efficiency of transport, it is necessary to accelerate the creation and introduction of advanced equipment and technology, improve the working and living conditions of personnel, increase their skills and interest in labor results, develop new modes of transport, increase the pace of renewal of rolling stock and other technical equipment, strengthen the material and technical and repair base, and increase the level of integrated mechanization of loading and unloading and repair work.

One of the most important problems facing road transport is improving the operational reliability of cars.

The solution to this problem, on the one hand, is provided

the automotive industry through the production of more reliable cars, on the other hand, by improving the methods of technical operation of cars. This requires the creation of the necessary production base for maintaining the rolling stock in good condition, the widespread use of progressive and resource-saving maintenance and repair processes, effective means of mechanization, robotization and automation of production processes, staff training, expansion and improvement of road quality.

The reliability requirements of vehicles are increased due to the increase in speeds and traffic intensity, power, load capacity and capacity of cars.

Essential for solving the problem of controlling the technical condition of the car is the planned warning system for maintenance and repair of rolling stock, which regulates modes and other standards for its maintenance in a technically serviceable state.

An important element of the solution to the problem of managing the technical condition of cars is the improvement of technological processes and the organization of maintenance and repair of cars, including the rationalization of the structure of the engineering and technical service, methods of making engineering decisions, technological techniques, equipment of posts and workplaces and the scientific organization of labor.

The purpose of this diploma project is to design the maintenance and maintenance area and introduce new equipment into the technological process, which will provide faster, as well as high-quality repair of all available cars at the enterprise.

Design and processing part

Justification of the number of rolling stock taken for calculation.

When designing at the current ATC, the initial data are taken based on the experience of work taking into account the perspective and conditions of the development of this enterprise .

Rolling stock of OJSC PI Komigrazhdanproekt is a mixed-type fleet, performs freight, passenger transportation, for the own needs of the enterprise and third-party organizations.

The category of operating conditions of cars is characterized by the type of pavement, type of relief and traffic conditions.

For the city of Syktyvkar and its district, the main type of road surface is asphalt.

The terrain is flat, slightly crested.

Traffic conditions in cities and the suburban zone.

That is, the category of operating conditions of cars is III .

Climatic operating conditions of cars are characterized by climate and average monthly temperature.

The climate is cold .

The average monthly temperature is minus 80C.

Rolling stock operation mode - determined by the number of days of rolling stock operation per year on the line - 248 days.

Maintenance and repair mode of rolling stock.

The mode is determined by types of maintenance and repair, periodicity of technical impacts, labor intensity of their implementation and duration of rolling stock downtime for maintenance and repair.

Design Part

Understanding the Projected Object

In the designed maintenance and maintenance zone, it is planned to carry out work on the removal and installation of units weighing up to 1 ton (main masses of units: engine - 530 kg.; Checkpoint - 100 kg.; cabin - 300 kg .)

To expand the production capabilities of the maintenance and maintenance zone and to save time for maintenance and maintenance, it is proposed to install a cantilever crane with a boom length of 5.2 m and a lifting capacity of 1 ton and a turning angle of 180 ° in the production building.

Cantilever rotary wall cranes are cantilever I-beam connected by means of brace to vertical strut of tubular or box section. Two axles are welded at the ends of the strut, trunnions of which rest on two brackets by means of rolling bearings.

Brackets are bolted to metal or reinforced concrete columns of the building. Embedded bolts and slabs are provided in reinforced concrete columns. In the latter case, the brackets are attached to the plate by means of a transition flange on anchor bolts.

Rotation of cantilever cranes is performed manually by means of rope, chain or vertical rod attached to end part of I-beam.

Electric hoists according to GOST 22584-77 are used as lifting mechanism. The movement of the tali is carried out by a movement mechanism installed on the tali itself .

Economic part

General Information

In the economic section of the project, calculations are made necessary to assess the effectiveness of investments in the design of the maintenance and maintenance zone on the basis of OJSC PI Komigrazhdanproekt.

Efficiency is a measure of the appropriateness of deciding on the implementation of capital investments or investments. Investment is a combination of long-term capital investments in economic facilities in order to obtain entrepreneurial income, capital gains and other benefits. Real investment is a broader concept than investment, as it includes fixed capital and working capital investments.

When selecting an investment project, its attractiveness, the investor proceeds from the following criteria:

capital gains should compensate the investor for the waiver of available funds in the current period;

capital gains from investment should reimburse the investor for future inflation losses;

capital gains from investment should reward the investor for the risk of possible loss of income in the event of investment risks.

Activities related to the investment activities of the enterprise are the process of justifying and implementing the most effective forms of capital investments aimed at expanding the economic potential of the enterprise.

The concepts of cost-effectiveness and commercial efficiency should be distinguished. Calculation of economic efficiency

Conclusion

In the course of the diploma project, an analysis of the enterprise's work was carried out, as well as solutions for improving the quality of maintenance and repair were proposed.

The study showed that in order for the enterprise to develop rapidly and be successful, it is necessary to constantly improve the production and technical base, to introduce new technologies.

The analytical part highlights the main indicators of the enterprise's work over the past year. The main task of the diploma project includes the design of the maintenance and maintenance area, this would make it possible to carry out high-quality, timely and less expensive maintenance and maintenance of all available cars in the enterprise.

The research part gives a description of the enterprise, its organizational structure and technological process of work.

In the calculation and processing part, the production program is calculated, for each unit of rolling stock, the areas of production premises and the number of repair and maintenance personnel are calculated.

The design part describes the cantilever-turning crane and its calculation, as well as describes the technological process of removing and disassembling the engine.

The section "Labor Protection" describes the main requirements for safety, fire safety, industrial sanitation, lighting, heating, ventilation were calculated.

In the economic part, the costs associated with the introduction of new equipment are calculated. The cost-effectiveness of this project has been calculated, the payback period has been determined.

The above confirms the feasibility of the project.

During the project, materials of pre-diploma practice, lecture material, skills obtained during course work during studies at the institute, as well as normative, reference and scientific and technical literature were used.

These technical solutions can be used on other ATPs having similar rolling stock in their fleet.