Main building for tractor repair - Architecture of civil and industrial buildings - course

Contents

1. General Information

2. Volume-planning solution

3. Structural solutions of the main

building elements

3.1. Bases

3.2.Stenes and columns

3.3. Coverings

3.4. Windows, doors, gates

3.5. Floors

3.6. Roof, drainage

4. Administrative and household building

5. Operational requirements

6. Fire protection measures

7. List of literature

Structural solutions of the main elements of the building.

3.1. Foundations.

Column foundations consisting of a sub-column and a two-stage plate part are installed under the columns. The height of the steps of the plate part is 300 mm, the height of the cup is 900 mm. The foundation cut is located at elevation -0.15m.

Foundation beams of trapezoidal section are used to rest walls on them. Along the entire perimeter of the building there is a pavement in the form of an asphalt strip on a gravel base with a width of 1500 mm, with a slope of i = 1:10.

3.2. Walls and columns.

External walls - railway, non-bearing (curtain); accepted with a thickness of 300 mm. Dimensions of wall panels 6000x1800. Panels are supported on tables welded to embedded parts of columns. Horizontal curvature is used.

The tables are cantilevers from corners with a diaphragm, which is embedded in a vertical seam between the panels. In places of transverse temperature joints, tables are installed without diaphragms, since in these places the panel reaches the coordination axis.

The columns are provided two-branch with bridge cranes. Section dimensions of columns: extreme 1000x500mm, medium - 1400x500mm.

For wall attachment, 400x400mm framing columns are provided, which are installed at the ends of the building with a pitch of 6 m along the entire plane of the wall, with the exception of places of longitudinal layout axes.

To increase the stability of the building in the longitudinal direction, a system of vertical connections between columns is provided - portal connections.

3.3. Coverings

Bearing structures of coatings - railway arched trusses.

Trusses with a pitch of 12 m are installed on substructure trusses.

The coating slabs are made of 6x3m steel ribbed.

3.4. Windows, doors, gates.

Windows are provided with paired wooden bindings. Window dimensions: 1,8x3m. Tape glazing. Lampposts - 6 m long, 1.5 m high.

Doors are provided single-floor and double-floor blind, standard made.

Single doors: 2000mm high, 800mm wide, 900mm.

Double-floor doors: 2000mm high, 1200mm wide.

To pass vehicles, a gate of 3.6x3.6m is used. They are placed in the ends of the building, in the center of each span .

3.5. Floors.

The design provides for concrete floors arranged on a tamped base.

3.6. Roof and drainage.

The roof is provided with a roll with a slope of 1/8 from ruberoid.

Internal drainage, organized. Gutters are lost on the roof of the building.

Operational requirements.

The main tasks of supervision over the preservation, operation and repair of buildings and structures:

- creation of conditions in the premises according to the specified temperature and humidity mode;

- ensuring compliance of parameters of operational loads and impacts on building structures with those accepted in the design;

- timely identification, correct assessment and rectification of structural faults;

- timely cleaning of structures from atmospheric precipitation, dust, process emissions.

6. Measures for fire protection of the building.

The building belongs to the second degree of fire resistance, is made in compliance with the fire safety rules stipulated by PPB 01, SNiP 210197 "Fire safety of buildings and structures."

The main structures are accepted as non-combustible and are an obstacle to the spread of fire and combustion products from a room with a fire center to other rooms. These are, walls, coverings.

Measures for evacuation from premises in case of fire, accident and other disasters:

1. Escape routes should ensure the safe evacuation of all people in the premises of the building.

2. Exits are evacuation.

2.1. From the first floor to the outside directly through the corridor, stairwell.

3. The width of escape routes in the light should be at least 1 m, doors - at least 0.8 m.

4. In common corridors, it is not allowed to provide for the installation of built-in cabinets, with the exception of cabinets for communications and fire cranes.

6. The height of the doors in the light on the escape routes shall be at least 2m.

Fire safety requirements are based on SNiP 2.08.0189 and SNiP 2.01.02-85 *: