Architecture of civil and industrial buildings Coursework

Contents

Introduction

1 Natural and climatic characteristics of the construction area

2 Required parameters of the designed building

3 Functional process of the building

4 Space-planning solution of the building

5 Structural solution of the building

5.1 Foundations

5.2 External and internal walls

5.3 Partitions

5.4 Floors and floors

5.5 Stairs

5.6 Coverings and roofs

5.7 Windows and Doors

5.8 Balconies

6 Sanitary and engineering equipment of the building

7 Architectural and artistic solution of the building

8 Description of the plot plan of the development site

9 Justification for selection of building enclosing structures

9.1 Thermal design of the outer wall

9.2 Thermal engineering calculation of attic

9.3 Calculation of slab sound insulation

9.4 Calculation of soundproofing of the partition

10 List of literature used

Introduction

In this course project, a project of a nine-story residential building with a basement was developed. The project is designed in accordance with the design assignment. The space-planning structural solution of the building complies with the requirements of the regulatory documentation for the design of residential buildings and takes into account the requirements of the ESKD and SPDS.

Space-planning solution of the building

In accordance with the functional process, the designed building is a nine-story two-section house with a basement.

Overall dimensions of the building in plan: in axes 117 - 56400 mm

in axes A-D - 13500 mm

The total height of the building from the ground to the roof of the elevator engine room is 30720 mm.

The height of the floor is 2.8 m, the height of the premises is 2.58 m, the height of the basement is 2.21 m.

Entrance to the building is carried out through a tambour due to increased requirements for thermal insulation in a given climatic area. Communication between the floors is carried out using a staircase (the width of the flight of stairs is 1120 m) and an elevator with a carrying capacity of 400 kg.

Technical and economic indicators of space-planning solution of the building are presented in Table 5.

For space-planning solution of the building, refer to graphic part (sheet 1).

Structural solution of the building

The structural system of the building is wall.

The structural diagram is transverse. Rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by transverse bearing walls, rigidity of butt joints, rigid connection of floors to each other and to walls, formation of prefabricated stiffness cores.

5.1 Foundations

In the designed building, the foundations are accepted as piles with a prefabricated pedestal. Foundation panels are installed on a layer of cement sand mortar forming anti-capillary insulation, along the outer perimeter of the wall are coated with hot bitumen in 2 times and protected by pavement in the form of an inclined asphalt strip. A concrete floor is arranged in the basement.

The foundation plan is presented in the graphic part of the project (sheet 2).

5.2 External and internal walls

External wall panels with a thickness of 350 mm - 3-layer reinforced concrete with insulation (mineral wool plate 150 kg/m3 (flammability group - NG) was adopted as an insulation by the project) with a thickness of 120 mm according to the heat engineering calculation. The section along the wall is represented in the graphic part.

5.3 Partitions

Interquartine partitions are made of expanded concrete 160 mm thick, intercomb - 120 mm.

They are attached by welding the reinforcement outlets to the load-bearing elements of the building.

5.4 Floors and floors

In the designed building, in accordance with the task, reinforced concrete floors of a continuous section with a thickness of 160 mm are used. Plates are connected to each other and to walls by welding of reinforcement outlets. The seams are ground with 300 grade concrete with fine aggregate.

The floor structure and floor structure are presented in the graphic part (sheet 2), the floor structure is presented in the annex.

5.5 Stairs

Stairs are assembled from reinforced concrete marshpads of ribbed construction. The basement march is shortened and rests on the floor slab at the level of the entrance vestibule. Lifting into the elevator engine room is carried out along a steel steplade .

The design solution is presented in the graphic part (sheet 1, 2).

5.6 Coverings and roofs

The building is designed with a cold attic and a roll roof. The roof is formed by a flooring of ribbed reinforced concrete slabs resting on attic wall panels and gutter trays. Roof with internal drain. Roof slope i = 3%. Access to the roof is provided from the elevator engine room. For roof plan, cover plan refer to graphic part (sheet 2).

5.7 Windows and Doors

Windows are provided to ensure the natural illumination of the main rooms and the possibility of visual contact with the environment. Window sizes are assigned in accordance with the regulatory requirements of natural illumination and standards. Windows of the designed building are filled with PVC window blocks with triple glazing.

The design of the window filling is shown in the graphic part (sheet 3).

The doors are used to connect the rooms with each other and the building with the street .

The doors inside the building are designed so that their opening does not interfere with movement.

5.8 Balconies

The arrangement of open rooms - balconies in residential buildings of mass construction is carried out from typical structural elements of factory manufacture. Balconies are designed open.

Sanitary and engineering equipment of the building

Sanitary equipment of the designed building includes cold and hot water pipelines, sewage and gas devices. The building is equipped with electricity, low-current telephone networks, as well as lighting.

Sanitary cabins are located in volumetric reinforced concrete elements of the type "cup," "cap." Ventilation ducts are included in their walls. Separate ventilation units are installed in kitchens.

The building is equipped with an elevator with a carrying capacity of 400 kg. The elevator shaft is mounted from three-dimensional elements with a height of one floor.

The building is equipped with a garbage duct made of asbestos cement pipes with a diameter of 400 mm, which is protected from the stairs by a panel wall. The garbage removal chamber is located on the 1st floor. Ventilation channels are brought out on the roof in separate shafts.

Architectural and artistic solution of the building

When designing facades, a number of compositional techniques were used:

- rhythm - is created by uniform repetition of shapes and intervals (alternation of window openings, alternation of texture and color scheme of materials for lining);

- proportions - ratio of architectural forms by height, width, depth;

- contrast - when comparing elements with each other by color, size, proportions.

The facades of the residential building are distinguished by their combination of simple and concise volume forms, giving the simple facade an unusual architectural image .

The architectural solution and the color scheme of the facades of the building of the residential building are made in a single style.

Description of the plot plan of the development site

Presented in the graphic part of the project on sheet 4.

Technical and economic indicators of the general plan

1. Area of the section Sy = 77400 m2

2. Building area Sz = 7276 m2

3. Road surface area Sd = 13800m2

4. Landscaping area Soz = 313422

5. Coefficient Kz = 0.094

6. Coefficient Keith = 0.27

7. Coefficient of Goats = 0.40