Diploma - Tire section reconstruction

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1 FEASIBILITY STUDY

2 PROCESS CALCULATION

2.1 Characteristics of ATP

2.2 Initial data

2.3 Calculation of the production program for maintenance and repair of cars

2.4 Calculation of annual and daily production program

2.5 Calculation of annual scope of maintenance and maintenance works

2.6 Determination of annual scope of auxiliary works

2.7 Distribution of scope of work by production zones

and sites of the enterprise

2.8 Annual scope of self-service of the enterprise

2.9 Calculation of the number of production personnel

2.10 Process calculation of production zones, areas

2.11 Calculation of space area of maintenance and maintenance zones

2.12 Calculation of the area of production shops and areas

2.13 Calculation of storage area

3 PROCESS ORGANIZATION

3.1 Description of process layout of wheel change station

3.2 Description of the busbar

3.3 Description of vulcanization compartment

3.4 Description of the storage warehouse of motor tires

3.5 Execution of the process in

busbar and bus repair compartments

4 DESIGN PART

4.1 Purpose, device and operating principle of the hoist

4.2 Design Analysis

4.3 Calculation of structural elements

4.4 Manufacturing of pneumatic cylinder

4.5 Lifting Assembly and Testing

4.6 Lifter Technical Operation

4.7 Safety precautions when working with a lift

5 LIFE SAFETY

4.1 Characterization and analysis of potential hazards

and hazards during the reconstruction of the tire assembly

PATP OJSC complex

4.2 Complex measures of actual development and

reflecting the BJD in the diploma project

4.3 Development of priority issue (artificial calculation

lighting of the reorganized bus assembly section)

6. ECONOMIC PART

6.1 Calculation of transportation costs

6.2 Calculation of taxes and deductions

6.3 Calculation of Capital Investments by Installation

to the site

6.4 Calculation of costs for the bus section as a whole

6.5 Assessing the Impact of Design Solutions on Costs

and profitability of the enterprise

CONCLUSION

LIST OF LITERATURE

Introduction.

The use of cars has entered so deeply into all fields of activity and human life that it has become a completely indispensable means of modern freight and passenger transport. Road transport contributes to the development of productive forces, the strengthening of economic, political and cultural ties within the country and other countries, as well as the country's defense capabilities .

Public bus transport in our country carries out regular intra-city passenger transportation in more than 2,400 cities and urban-type settlements, and in most of them (about 90%) it is the only type of urban public transport. Over 31 billion passengers are transported by bus every year in cities, which is about 65% of the total passenger traffic by all types of urban transport.

Currently, the main area of ​ ​ public bus transport is the shuttle transportation of passengers. They represent 80 per cent of the total traffic and the total passenger turnover in the country. Being essentially planned unprofitable enterprises, passenger ATPs have to survive in difficult economic conditions: the loss of most of the production links, a shortage of material and technical resources, an increase in the cost of operational materials, wear and tear of the passenger fleet.

Despite all these conditions, passenger road transport enterprises are trying their best to fulfill the very important tasks assigned to them. This is to ensure a high technical readiness factor and a coefficient of rolling stock output per line. Preventing disruptions in the service of the population and enterprises of the city, which can paralyze the activities of the city, ensuring decent working and living conditions for drivers, repair workers and all maintenance personnel.

Maintenance of cars in technically working order substantially depends on level and operating conditions of technological base of the enterprise of the road transport, representing set of buildings, constructions, the equipment, equipment and the tool intended for maintenance and repair and also storage of the rolling stock. At the same time, it should be noted that the contribution of the production and technical base to the efficiency of technical operation of cars is quite high and is estimated at 1819%.

Reducing the labour intensity of work, equipping workplaces and posts with high-performance equipment should be considered as one of the main directions of the technical process in the creation and reconstruction of road transport enterprises.

At the moment, the organization of work in the bus assembly section of PATP2 OJSC is insufficient. This is due to the absence of some technological equipment, a low degree of mechanization of work, the irrational use of working time and the incomplete use of production areas.

Based on the introduction of advanced technological processes, modern standards of best practices, progressive scientific developments, it is necessary to ensure the modernization of the site to a high technical level.

To do this, perform the following tasks in the project:

1. Carry out technological settlement of the enterprise.

2. Perform selection of process equipment of busbar works.

3. Organize works in the bus assembly complex.

4. Develop a stand for hanging a car in a tire assembly complex.

5. Evaluate the cost-effectiveness of engineering decisions.

Description of the busbar.

A room bordering the wheel change post is assigned to the tire assembly compartment. The room provides the placement of technological equipment, as well as the temporary storage of wheels assembled in the compartment, tires, cameras and wheel discs.

The wheel entering the re-assembly compartment is installed in the rack and registered; before removal, the wheel is washed in a wheel washing unit and dried in a drying chamber. The wheel is then fed to the tyre decking and to the tyre dismantling bench. After dismantling, the tire is inspected from the outer and inner sides. For the convenience of inspection from the inside, a hand-held boring expander is designed. Chamber is directed to vulcanization compartment for control and repair (if necessary).

If necessary, the disc rim of the wheel is cleaned of rust on a rim cleaning machine and folded onto a rack.

Bent lock rings are ruled on installation for editing of lock rings. If necessary, the keyhole rings are cleaned from rust on the mop with a metal brush. Cleaned discs and rings are sent to the painting compartment for painting.

The corrected tires are stored in the rack, and the cameras and rim ribbons on the hanger. After configuration, the tyre is mounted on the rim on the bus bench. Then wheel is installed in safety stand where it is pumped with air supplied from air dispenser column. Balancing of mounted wheels is carried out on a stand for static balancing of truck wheels. Finished wheels are stored in the rack.

Description of the vulcanization compartment.

The vulcanization compartment is located in a separate room immediately bordering the wheel change post and the tire assembly compartment. The room contains equipment for the repair of chambers and local repair of tires. For convenience of tires supply for repair, a cantilever-turning crane is installed on the section.

Tyres and chambers coming for repair are placed on a rack and hanger. For the tyres accepted for repair, the group and method of restoration are determined, and then these tyres are marked.

Tyres are inspected from the outside and from the inside, damaged places are cut out on the spreader and rough. Repairing materials are applied and installed in a drying cabinet, and then vulcanized. Finished tires are finished.

The chambers are checked for tightness in the bath, and puncture points are noted. The chamber is then roughened at the site of damage, repairing materials are applied and vulcanized. Finished cooled chambers are finished.

Description of the auto tyre storage warehouse.

The bus warehouse is located on the territory of the ATP in a separate room from the production complex. From the central warehouse of the tire I arrive at the rotable warehouse located next to the bus assembly complex. Tires come from the back storage to the bus assembly area.

Conclusion.

This diploma project includes: explanatory

note and graphic materials. In the sections of the explanatory note

The following points are reflected.

The introduction addresses the question of preference

introduction of new technologies and new equipment developments.

The feasibility study of the diploma project defines the problem and purpose of the diploma project, reveals the need to introduce a stand for hanging cars at a tire installation post.

This section of the diploma project also contains the data of the general plan of the enterprise on the territory, buildings and communications.

In the technological calculation, zones and sections were calculated taking into account the equipment being introduced on the bus assembly section and the stand for hanging cars proposed in the design part of the project.

The organizational part of the project presents a diagram of placing the bus at the bus assembly post and a diagram of the process of restoring tires and wheel chambers.

A brief analysis was carried out in the design part

existing busbars. The strength calculations of the most loaded parts of the structure were also made.

In the section "Life Safety," artificial lighting of the bus assembly section was calculated according to low accuracy works.

In the section of the economic part of the project is presented

calculation of capital investments in the stand for hanging cars for its payback period.

The graphic part of the diploma project is submitted

the most significant materials, as well as not fully displayed materials of the explanatory note.

Thus, according to the diploma project as a whole

it can be noted that the goals and targets set as a result

the work carried out has been achieved.