Diploma in Gas TSP

1.1 General characteristics of the building

This project presents the production workshops of the Tavrida Electric plant. In plan, they have a simple rectangular shape .

Dimensions in axes "AD" 24, 000m and in axes "1424" 60, 000m - Production workshop No. 2

Dimensions in axes "DC" 24, 000m and in axes "1420" 36, 000m - Production workshop No. 1

The project was developed in accordance with the assignment for course design. This project was developed for construction in the city of Orel.

The eagle is located in the II climatic area, IIB climatic subdistrict.

Main climatic characteristics:

Climatic parameters of the cold period of the year:

- air temperature of the coldest days, security 0.92: 31 ° С;

- air temperature of the coldest five days, security 0.92: 26 ° С;

- absolute minimum air temperature: - 39 ° С;

- average temperature of the period with average daily air temperature of 8 ° С: 2.7 ° С;

- the relief of the construction site is calm, there are no height differences;

- prevailing wind direction for December-February "SW";

- maximum of average wind speeds in rumbes for January, m/s

-6,5.

1.2 Basic Space Planning Parameters

The building is one-story. Floor height 16.8 m .

Heating of production premises is carried out by gas-burner heaters "TechnoShvank20"

The design provides for supply and supply ventilation with natural motivation

1.3 Implementation of fire and sanitary standards

The designed building according to functional fire hazard belongs to class F5.1. According to SNiP [1] "Fire safety of buildings and structures" this class includes production buildings and structures, production and laboratory premises. The fire resistance of the building is II. The designed building has two evacuation exits directly to the outside.

When designing, the requirements for insolation and aeration of public buildings were taken into account.

In production rooms equipped with the designed heating system, the air temperature shall not be lower than 4 ° C, normal values for the cold period of the year, in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.4.54896 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of production rooms."

Relative humidity and air velocity comply with requirements of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

The air temperature drop along the height of the working area meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96

When designing, infrared radiation intensity is not more than 140 W/m2, at permanent and 250 W/m2 at non-permanent workplaces.

Intensity of infrared irradiation of human body, hands and legs surface does not exceed 25 W/m2 at air temperature corresponding to lower boundary of optimal values specified in SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. These conditions are provided on the basis of the power of the installed emitters, the height of their suspension, as well as ordinary clothes and headgear of employees of the enterprise.

Placing emitters in the upper area of the room prevents direct exposure of human eyes to infrared radiation.

1.4 Structural diagram of the building and its main elements

1.4.1 Foundations

Foundations are the underground part of the building, which receives loads from the above-ground parts of the building and transfers them to the ground of the base. The base is a thickness of soil lying under the foundation and receiving loads from the building. The project adopted pillar foundations. The width of the foundations for the outer walls is assumed to be 400 mm. At elevation - 0.150 horizontal waterproofing is arranged from 2 layers of ruberoid.

1.4.2 Walls

Walls are vertical barriers that protect spaces from environmental influences and separate one room from another.

Exterior walls

Walls of metal three-layer panels with thermal insulation from mineral wool plates.

To divert surface water around the building, asphalt pavement is arranged with a width of 1000 mm with a slope of 1:4 from the building. Paving is performed on ground compacted with crushed stone and crushed stone base with thickness of 200 mm.

1.4.3 Floors

Floors are multi-layer structures directly exposed to operational impacts. The project adopted concrete floors made of concrete of class B 20, thickness of the layer is 100mm, the underlying layer made of concrete of class B15 - 100mm according to the layer of gravel stranded into the soil with bitumen impregnation.

1.4.4 Roof and roof

The roof is the final part of the building, protecting it from the influence of the environment and giving a complete architectural appearance to the building. The project adopted a gable roof. The cover of the workshop is reinforced concrete slabs on gable reinforced concrete trusses.

The roof includes a multi-layer roof made of roll materials; a 10mm thick cement sand brace M50 forming a base under the roof; vapor insulating polyethylene film on polymer mastic with continuous welding of seams 0.2 m; mineral-wool insulation "Ruf batts B" with thickness of 125 mm; ceramic gravel (GOST 975976) with a density of 600 kg/m3 for a slope of 2 to 3%; bracing with cement sand mortar M100 with thickness of 30 mm; EPP uniflex layer TU 57740011792516299 5mm thick; layer of a uniflex of the EKP TU 57740011792516299 brand 5 mm thick.

1.4.5 Drainage from the coating

Internal drainage from the coating is provided, as it is the most reliable way to remove water from the roofs. The internal drainage system consists of water intake funnels, drain pipes, underground pipelines risers and discharges to storm sewers.

1.4.6 Windows and Doors

Windows are translucent fences designed for lighting and ventilating rooms. The project glazing in two tiers from steel window panels of 6.0х1.2 m in size is accepted , according to Construction Norms and Regulations [2]

Doors are movable fences designed for communication between rooms, as well as for entering and leaving the building.

The project adopted metal swing blind gates (VRG 3030) with a size of 2.9x2.95m, according to SNiP [3]

Automation of gas-using units and plants.

Boiler room automation provides equipment protection (safety automation), automatic regulation, control, alarm and process control of the boiler room.

Four boilers of KSVa1bl Gs type, auxiliary equipment, GRU are installed in the boiler room. Boiler room with permanent presence of working personnel. Boilers are supplied complete with GBax1,2 burner. The torch consists of the fan, the gas burner, the block gas, a set of control facilities of BU06.

The ECS control unit 06 is installed on each boiler and is connected to the burner and the boiler .

The unit operates in automatic mode and performs the following:

- automatic start-up and shutdown of the boiler;

- automatic control of burner power;

- light and sound alarm;

- emergency shutdown of the boiler.

Emergency shutdown of the boiler is performed at:

- fuel pressure disconnection;

- reduction of air pressure;

- increase of pressure in the furnace;

- reducing rarefaction in the furnace;

- no flame;

- increase of water temperature downstream the boiler;

- decrease of water pressure downstream the boiler;

At the same time, the red indicator of the corresponding accident is continuously lit and an audio alarm is sent. In addition, warning and operational light signalling is provided.

The VU provides for the possibility of serviceability check of alarm devices and actuators.

During start-up, the following occurs automatically:

- boiler combustion chamber blowdown;

- control of burner shut-off elements for tightness, control of water pressure deviation, water temperature increase, gas pressure deviation, furnace pressure increase;

- ignition of the ignition burner from the electric igniter, then ignition of the main burner at 40% of the power ("Low combustion" mode) and then change-over at 100% of the power ("High combustion" mode).

After ignition of the burner and heating of the boiler in the "Low combustion" mode, the water temperature control system is automatically started on you-run from the boiler.

If the water temperature is lower than the lower adjustable value, the "Big" combustion valve opens, the air damper and the chimney gate opens.

When the water temperature reaches the upper adjustable value, the "Big" combustion valve, air damper and chimney gate are closed.

In case of an emergency, light and sound alarms are triggered.

Automation of auxiliary equipment includes:

- control of makeup pumps;

- control of network pumps;

- monitoring of levels in expansion tanks, makeup tank and source water tank;

- make-up control;

- accounting of heat energy available to consumers;

- alarm of equipment operation.

ACS-MP11 logic controller is used for control of make-up pumps. The controller algorithm is designed to control the main and standby pumps. The controller algorithm starts when the upper level is lowered in one or other expansion tanks, that is, the level in the expansion tanks is kept constant. Algorithm disconnection is performed when upper level is reached in expansion tanks or lower level is decreased in make-up tank.

The SAMP11 controller alternately activates the main and standby pumps, ensuring their uniform use. Pump operation time is programmed by the user (maximum possible pump operation time is 63 days). In case of failure of one of the pumps, the device switches control to the other, providing LED indication of the accident.

If both pumps fail during operation, an alarm signal is output.

The pumps are monitored by pressure transmitter DEM202. When starting the pump, the readings of the pressure sensor are not monitored for the time specified by the user (30 seconds by default). In addition, the controller ignores short-term (2seconds default) pressure sensor dips.

A SAMP logic controller 14 is used to control the network pumps.

The algorithm of this controller is designed to control three pumps, each of which is equipped with its own pressure sensor (DEM202, 15, 16, 17).

Pumps work alternately in pairs 12, 2-3, 1-3 and so on. Switching of pump pairs is performed after the required time (not more than 63 days). In case of failure of any active pump, the remaining two are constantly operating.

The simultaneous switching on of two motors can cause overload of the network, so when the device is initially started, the second channel is switched on with some delay set by the user.

External alarm of network pumps is performed by means of differential pressure sensor DEM 202 p.22.

Recirculation pumps operate both at once. Actuated by starter buttons.

Level control in make-up and expansion tanks, as well as in the source water tank is performed by POS 301 level relay sensors. Cables from expansion tanks are laid in the ground to the boiler room.

When the upper level is lowered, make-up pumps are activated in any of the expansion tanks.

Thermal energy measurement system "TVMVympel" is used to account for thermal energy. The algorithm for calculation of heat energy and coolant mass implemented in the TVM5 computer comply with the "Rules for accounting of thermal energy and coolant," "Recommendations MI241297 GS4. Water heat supply systems. Thermal Energy and Coolant Quantity Measurement Equations. " The TVM system is registered in the State Register of Measuring Instruments under No. 1805498.

The system consists of heat calculator TVM57/100P5/26D6/1.0 (4-20) mA, temperature converters KTPTR, TPT, pressure converters KPT5, flow converters of direct, reverse network water, makeup water DRKVM .

The system provides:

- measurement of water temperature in pipelines, ° С;

- measurement of temperature difference in pipelines, ° С;

- measurement of mass flow rate of water and weight of water flowing along

pipelines;

- calculation of values of thermal power, as well as released thermal energy by the cumulative total from the moment of system actuation;

- account of total working time.

TVM5 provides reading from the built-in random access memory using the MCTB1 microterm.

For the boiler room, control of the gas content of the room is provided. CTG1 annunciator is used to issue alarm about excess of assigned values of volume fraction of methane and mass concentration of carbon monoxide in air.

When the limit concentration of methane in the air and the "threshold 2" concentration of carbon monoxide is reached, the gas supply to the boiler room is cut off.

Commercial accounting of gas flow is carried out by the gas quantity measurement complex SGEKVzR0,5160/1.6, which is ordered in set 1015.E-3-0.17-00-GSV. The meter is designed to take into account the natural gas flow rate according to GOST 554287 in units of the volume reduced to standard conditions (quantities) by means of automatic electronic correction of RVG G100 type rotary gas counter readings by temperature, pressure and compressibility factor of measured medium, taking into account manual values of relative gas density, nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide content in gas, specific heat of gas combustion in accordance with GOST 30319.196 and PR50.2.0019 .