Development of the project of the central repair workshop (CMM) of the farm with a fleet of 37 tractors, 15 combines, 35 cars and 136 agricultural machines.

Contents

Introduction

1. Characteristics of the design object

2. Defining the Annual Production Program of an Enterprise

technical service

2.1 Determination of the number of maintenance actions

2.1.1 Annual number of RTs for tractors

2.1.2 Annual PU quantity for agricultural machinery

2.1.3 Annual number of DAM for harvesters

2.1.4 Annual number of RTs for motor vehicles

2.2 Determination of annual labour intensity of maintenance personnel

influences

2.2.1 Annual working capacity of repair and maintenance impacts

for tractors of the same brand

2.2.2 Annual capacity of the DAM for agricultural machinery

2.2.3. Annual capacity of RM for harvesters

2.2.4. Annual capacity of RM for cars

3 Distribution of annual scope of work by types and

definition of the composition of the CLD

4 Calculation of main parameters of CMM

4.1 Designation of operating mode and determination of time funds

working and equipment

4.2 Determination of the number of workers and employees

4.3 Determination of the quantity of equipment required

4.4 Definition of production areas

5 Layout of CMM production premises

6 Energy Part

6.1 Annual electricity consumption

6.2 Annual compressed air flow rate

6.3 Calculation of annual steam consumption for heating and ventilation

6.4 Calculation of production water supply

6.4.1 Water consumption for household needs

6.4.2 Water consumption for production needs

6.4.3 Annual, replacement and average hourly flow rate

7 Design of life safety of CMM

7.1 Lighting of premises

7.2 Room ventilation calculation

7.3 Fire Safety

7.4 Nature Protection Measures

8 Feasibility study of the CLD project

8.1 Calculation of absolute indicators

8.1.1 Cost of CPM fixed assets

8.1.2 Production cost of 1 conditional repair

8.2 Calculation of relative indicators

Conclusions

List of sources used

Introduction.

The task of the design is to develop the skills and ability of the design organization of the technical service and repair production enterprise. Such a project organization involves the graphical development of an enterprise plan with the optimal placement of all departments to go through the flow of repaired parts along the most rational routes, with the arrangement of the necessary equipment to perform work on parts. At the same time, everything should be justified by the most acceptable calculation methods from the point of view of productivity, labor intensity and economic feasibility, efficiency and profitability of production.

The material basis of the technical service - the repair and maintenance base (ROB), was created and functioned in the pre-reform years as part of the agro-industrial complex itself, almost without the participation of tractor manufacturers and agricultural machines. The latter, due to the centralized distribution of their products, were not interested in providing service support for their products in the field of operation.

The structure of the ROB AIC developed on these principles has mainly been preserved. It differs from the system of enterprises of foreign countries, where most service enterprises and dealers were created and operate under the patronage of machine and equipment manufacturers.

ROB agro-industrial complex of Russia consists of a set of specialized regional repair plants, district repair and technical enterprises and corresponding repair and maintenance industries (workshops) of equipment owners - producers of agricultural products and other enterprises.

The transition of agricultural production to market conditions and the actual departure of the state from agricultural management led to a significant decline in the agricultural sector.

For example, from 1990 to 2000, the crop area decreased from 63 to 51 million ha, and the yield from 18 to 9.4 c/ha; production of livestock (meat, milk, eggs) during the same period decreased by 35... 40%.

The number of cars of each name decreased from 1991 to 3545%, the level of technical readiness of the fleet of cars decreased from 92... 96% in 1991 to 40... 60% in 1997... 1999.

Currently, every third (and in many farms - the second) car is faulty. Up to 2528% of machines available annually do not participate in the work due to malfunctions.

The reduction in the fleet of equipment is due to the write-off due to the exhaustion of the resource of machines and an unacceptable decrease in their purchases by agricultural enterprises.

In 19961999 agricultural enterprises purchased machinery in 10... 15 times less than in 1990. It is important to emphasize that the rate of reduction in the number of cars is significantly behind the rate of reduction in supplies.

There is a process of increasing the service life of equipment before write-off, their approximation to the duration of use that is characteristic of market economies. So this trend could be considered to a certain extent natural, if not for its forced nature. It should be noted that this trend has not yet been supported either by an improvement in the quality of new equipment, or by an improvement in the technical service itself.

The need for a new concept for the development of technical service is dictated not only by a change in the structure of the ICC, but also by the crisis state of a significant part of machine repair and maintenance enterprises.

The repair and maintenance base that existed in pre-rebuild years was focused mainly on the complex repair of capital vehicles. Currently, the potential of its use to restrain the rejection of machines due to the exhaustion of their resource is very limited, especially in the case of specialized enterprises due to rising prices for spare parts, repair materials, electricity and fuel, and increased costs for depreciation of equipment and production space.

The resulting prices for labour-intensive and material-intensive repairs are generally unattractive to farm owners. The volume of repair of complete tractors, cars, combines has decreased tenfold since 1991, engines to these machines - 8... 10 times. At the same time, the cost of maintenance and repair (to the cost of gross products) in 1999 amounted to 6... 10% against 4... 5% in 1990, mainly due to the aging of the fleet of cars; the ratio of maintenance and operation costs of equipment to direct operating costs also increased to 25% in 1999, compared to 1015% in 1990, due to a significant reduction in the costs of fertilizers, labor, varietal seeds, etc.

In modern conditions, 3-5 faulty ones can be repaired with the funds that are needed to purchase one new car; over the next 3 years, they can do 2-4 times more work than one new machine. Thus, a breakthrough is needed both on a qualitatively new level of restoration of the initial characteristics of the machines during repair, and in relation to the entire structure of repair effects accompanying the life cycle of technical devices.

The analysis conducted by GOSNITI showed that even taking into account all the factors that lead to a decrease in the volume of repair and maintenance work (a decrease in sown areas, a reduction in the fleet and volumes of mechanized work, an increase in the number of unprofitable enterprises, etc.), the total need for such work currently amounts to 4045 billion rubles (unfortunately, the current statistics do not have more complete information). Now these volumes of work are carried out mainly by the owners themselves with the replacement of faulty parts and assemblies in insufficiently equipped workshops, often according to the scheme: two of the three cars are restored by dismantling the third. In the current conditions, a modern concept for the development of technical service should be proposed, which should give an answer to the questions posed.

1 Characteristics of the design object.

The purpose of the design is to develop a project for a central repair workshop (CMM) of the farm with a fleet of 37 tractors, 15 combines, 35 cars and 136 agricultural machines.

CMM is designed for routine repair and maintenance of tractors, combines, cars, agricultural machines and electrical equipment.

Conclusions

A technical and economic analysis of the production activities of the designed central repair shop showed that the annual balance sheet profit is 835822 rubles, and the total level of profitability in the workshop is 6%, following this, the payback period of the newly planned CLD is 16 years, which corresponds to average indicators for agriculture.

Given that the designed CMM is designed with the possibility of increasing production volumes exceeding the initial production volume by up to four times, the possible payback period with the fullest load of the CMM can be 4 years.

Consequently, the newly calculated CDC project is economically viable.