Water supply and sewerage of a 5-storey 2-section residential building. Exchange Rate Project

Contents

Introduction

1. Internal water supply

Design of internal water supply and sewerage networks

1.2. Selection of the internal water supply system and diagram and check of the guarantee head of the building

1.3. Plumbing materials and equipment

1.4. Selection of water metering unit inlet and location

1.5. Drawing of internal water line axonometric diagram

1.6. Hydraulic calculation of internal cold water supply

2. Internal sewer

2.1 Materials and Equipment

2.2 Calculation of yard sewage system with profiling

2.3 Check Output for Throughput

List of literature used

Applications

1. Basement and typical floor plans, Plot Plan, B1, K1-1, Yard sewer profile

2. Specification

Introduction

Future civil engineers should be able to design and build buildings for various purposes, taking into account the equipping of them with modern life support systems. The most important role among them is played by internal water supply and sewerage systems, as well as external courtyard drainage and water supply networks.

This project has developed water supply and drainage of a six-story two-section residential building. A domestic drinking water supply system with centralized hot water supply has been designed, which is intended to provide consumers with drinking quality water that meets the requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.55996 "Drinking water." Consumers spent on drinking, household and sanitary and hygienic needs. A domestic sewerage system has been designed that removes contaminated water after washing dishes and products, washing laundry, sanitary and hygienic procedures (washing, taking a bath, etc.).

The project uses the most technically and economically feasible engineering solutions used in domestic and foreign practice. Standard and unified units, elements of factory-made systems corresponding to progressive industrial principles of building construction were used, which significantly reduce capital costs and reduce construction time.

Source Data:

- number of floors 5e.;

- floor height from floor to floor: 3.10 m;

- slab thickness: 0.3 m;

- basement height (up to the 1st floor): hpod = 2 .00m;

- guarantee head Ngar = 33.5 m;

- distance from the red line to the building: 6 m;

- distance from the building to the city sewage well: 16 m;

- depth of soil freezing: hprom = 1.70 m;

- diameter of the city water supply pipe: Devod. = 150 mm.;

- diameter of the city sewage pipe: Dkan. = 200 mm.;

- layout elevation around the zemlya building = 65.500 m;

- floor elevation of the first floor: z1et = 66.600 m;

1. Internal water supply

1.1. Design of internal water supply and sewerage networks

Internal water supply and sewerage networks are designed on the plans at the same time so that the design solutions of the schemes are the easiest, convenient to operate and interconnected. Moreover, the advantage in the design is given to the sewage system, since it is clogged during operation and requires cleaning. It is advisable to use industrial construction methods using sanitary and technical units and cabins of different types when designing, but individual installation is also possible.

In a project, you can deviate from the detail design so that you do not make two floor plans the same, plumbing and sewage networks are placed parallel to each other on the same drawing of the building plan.

The design is guided by the following provisions:

the nets shall strive to run parallel to the walls of buildings and column lines, as straight as possible, so that the length of the pipe is minimal;

Piping shall not cross beams, columns and other structural parts of the building;

To select cold water supply network laying taking into account joint pro-masonry with other networks (hot water supply, heating);

Network design should begin with the selection of riser locations for various purposes on floor plans.

Sewage risers are placed near sanitary devices with the most polluted wastewater so that they get into the risers in the shortest way, near the capital walls, and not at the partitions. In the bathrooms, sewage risers are located near the toilet or behind the toilet, in the canal of the wall or mine. You cannot place sewer risers near walls adjacent to living spaces.

Discharge pipelines from sanitary devices are laid along partitions and capital walls to the corresponding risers to which they are connected.

We place the water risers in the places of the largest water intake and taking into account the possibility of installing one shutoff valve to disconnect the entire supply from each riser. Do not place plumbing risers on walls adjacent to living rooms or on exterior walls.

The hearths from the water-supply risers are laid along the walls or partitions to the places of installation of the water-discharge valves of the corresponding sanitary device.

The water risers can be located together with the sewage risers, leaving for them openings in the floors and channels in the walls taking into account the length of the hoses 10, 15, 20 m, the height of the compact jet of at least 6 m and the number of simultaneously acting jets according to Table 1 [1].

All risers are numbered clockwise, respectively, water supply: domestic and drinking - StB11, St.B12, etc., sewage: domestic system - St. K11, St. K12, etc.

When placing risers, it is necessary to take into account the layout of the rooms so that they are located near the walls that allow fastening of pipelines.

After we have finished designing networks on floor plans, we proceed to designing networks on the basement plan, having previously transferred all the risers to the same places in the basement plan.

The main pipelines of the water pipeline are laid along the shortest distances near the inner walls, columns with a slope of at least 0.002 towards the water metering unit, for lowering water from the mudflats and removing air, they connect all the risers with the inlet.

Domestic sewage outlets are located on one side of the building perpendicular to the external walls.

When deciding on the number of releases from the building, it is necessary to proceed from the following conditions:

best operation in the future;

a specific layout of the building, so that when combining several risers for one outlet, the length of the network is the smallest and with fewer turns, bearing in mind that during operation at the points of rotation, clogging of pipelines is possible.

Cleaning or revision shall be established in places of change of direction of waste water movement, in straight areas through certain distances, according to Table 6 [6]. Audits and cleanings should be installed in locations convenient for their maintenance.

Installation of revisions and cleaning on the internal drain network is carried out similarly to the domestic sewage network.

Pipes plastic, metalpolymeric, from fibreglass, steel, pig-iron and asbestos-cement recommend to apply Construction Norms and Regulations to the device of water supply systems of cold water supply 2.04.0185 *. It is allowed to apply copper, bronze, brass pipes and shaped parts to them. Plastic pipes are used in this project.

To change the direction of the pipeline, the connection of side branches, the connection of pipes of different diameters, shaped (connecting) parts are used.

1.2. Selection of the internal water supply system and scheme and check of the guarantee head of the building.

In accordance with the design standards [6], sections 4, 6, 9, we select the system and water supply scheme of the building and the methods of its laying. In this project, we select a dead end scheme with lower line wiring, since we allow a break in the water supply in case of an accident.

We check the availability of the internal water supply with the head of the city network by comparing the Ngar warranty head. with normative free head Nsv. for a given storey, thereby solving the issue of increasing installations in the building's water supply system.

Free head, it is the standard (minimum) in the water supply network of a settlement with maximum domestic drinking water consumption at the entrance to the building above the ground surface should be accepted with one-story development of at least 10 m, with a larger storey, 4 m should be added to each floor.

In accordance with item 2.26 [SNiP 2.04.0285 * Water supply. Outdoor networks and structures]

Nsv = 10 + 4 * (n-1) = 10 + 4 * (5-1) = 26m

where is the n-number of floors in the building.

The warranty head is 33.5 m. It follows (previously) that it is necessary to design the water supply system of the building without a booster pump unit. The internal water supply system shall include: inlet, water metering unit, main water supply network, risers, sub-vodka to water discharge devices, water discharge, mixing, shut-off and control valves.

1.3. Plumbing materials and equipment.

For the device of a water supply system of cold water supply according to Construction Norms and Regulations 2.04.0185 * steel water gas pipelines (GOST 326275 *) which are less subject to corrosion are accepted. Steel pipes are connected using straight or transition connecting parts (fittings) made of steel (GOST 894375 *). In addition to connecting sleeves, elbows (GOST 894775), tees (GOST 894875) and crosses (GOST 895175), a disassembly joint called a burnout is used, which consists of a coupling and a lock nut screwed on the side of a long thread up to 85 mm long.

Shut-off valves intended for disconnection of separate sections of the water supply network are installed at the base of each of the risers of the network, on the from-branches to each apartment, in front of the irrigation taps.

1.4. Selection of water metering unit inlet and location

The correct choice of the place of entry and the location of the water metering unit guarantee the cost-effective solution of the internal water supply system, the convenience of its installation and operation.

We design one entry into the building connecting the internal water supply networks with the external ones. The input is laid at right angle to the wall of the building with a slope of at least 0.002 towards the external network. On the external network of the water supply at the point of connection of the input, we design a water supply pit, which serves to tie in the input to the city network.

1.5. Drawing of internal water line axonometric diagram

The axonometric diagram is performed in M 1:100 at an angle of 45 ° and a size of 1:1 in all directions (Annex 4).

On the axonometric diagram we clearly show all designed elements of the internal water pipeline: inlet or inlet, water metering unit, pump units, main networks, all risers, all supplies to the water discharge valves, water discharge, shut-off and safety valves.

When drawing a water supply scheme, we solve the issues of laying trunk networks in the basement and underwater on the floors.

The main pipelines of the water pipeline are conveniently located under the basement at a distance of 30.40 cm below the ceiling with attachment to it on suspensions or to the capital wall on brackets. The maximum distance between the anchorages is taken depending on the diameter of 2.4 m.

The passages are laid at a height of 30.40 cm above the floor with a rise to the water discharge valves. For the possibility of water lowering, the supply is performed with a slope of at least 0.002 towards the tap riser.

Height of water discharge cranes above the floor is normalized:

1.1 m - sink valve, washes;

1.0 m - tap of washbasin, single mixer to bath and washbasin;

0.8 m - bath crane;

0.65m - ball valve of low flush tank;

1.20 m - tap - mixer to shower mesh;

On the axonometric diagram, we place all the necessary shutoff valves and place elevations: ground surface at the building, inlet, water metering unit, main line, floor of all floors, design instrument.

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