Technology of erection of one-storey, three-span industrial building

Contents

Table of contents

1. Purpose and objectives of the course project

2. Space-planning solution of the building, structural features of prefabricated elements and their joints

3. Methods of building installation from precast reinforced concrete

4. Composition and scope of installation works, standard time consumption of machines, labor costs of installers, labor costs

5. Selection of main mounting devices and load grippers

6. Selection of installation cranes

7. Organization of Labour

8. Installation Work Schedule

9. Installation Quality Requirements

10. Occupational safety during installation works

11. Technical and economic indicators

12. List of literature

Purpose and objectives of the course project

The purpose of the course project is the student's mastery of the basis of design of the technology for erection of building structures of full-assembly buildings, and will also get acquainted with the methodology of the main documents of the PPR.

In the course project, the following tasks are consistently solved: studying the space-planning solution of the building, the structural features of the prefabricated elements and their butt joints; methods of building installation from precast reinforced concrete are determined and substantiated; the composition and scope of installation works are assigned; standard expenses of machines operation time, labor costs of installers and their cost are calculated; main mounting devices and load grippers are selected; installation cranes are selected; Job instruction for installation of structures of one of the flows is being developed; A consolidated schedule for installation works is drawn up; research is being carried out to develop proposals for improving installation technology.

Space-planning solution of the building, structural features of prefabricated elements and their joints

The designed building is a rectangular single-story industrial building, consisting of 3 longitudinal spans 12.0 m wide, 84 m long, with a pitch of external columns - 6.0 m, internal - 12 m. The span of rafters is 6 m, height - 13.2 m.

Methods of building installation from precast reinforced concrete

Installation of a single-storey industrial building by self-propelled cranes is carried out by a differentiated method. First mounting flow is used to install columns into foundation sleeves. The load on the columns from the following structural elements is transferred after grouting the joints of the columns with the foundations with a concrete mixture and achieving concrete strength in the joint of at least 70% of the design strength of the concrete. Columns are mounted by longitudinal method with preliminary laying.

The second mounting flow is used to install crane beams and adjustment trusses. Installation is carried out with preliminary layout of mounted elements .

The third flow is used to mount the coating beams by longitudinal method, and the coating plates by transverse method, with preliminary laying in the area of the installation crane.

Wall enclosing panels are installed by further separated flow.

1) Columns are installed using wedge inserts and conductors. Installation of structures is started after installation and alignment of the conductor on the foundation. Installation is performed by "on weight" method. Strapping of columns is carried out by a unified traverse (TsNIIOMTP RCH4556) with remote disassembly. The columns raised by the crane are lowered into the foundation sleeve, combining axial hairlines in the lower part of the column with axial hairlines on the foundation. Column verticality is checked using two theodolites. The columns are installed along the span of the building by self-propelled boom cranes with preliminary laying in the area of the installation crane .

Temporary attachment means are removed after final attachment and concrete reaches 70% of design strength.

2) Installation of crane beams and substructure trusses is performed as a separate flow after 70% of the design strength of concrete at the joint of the column and the foundation shell. Geodetic check of reference platform elevations is performed prior to installation and installation horizon is installed. When lifting, beams and trusses are kept from swinging with hairs from hemp rope and turned in the desired direction by installers located on the ground. Installation of beams in design position is performed by axial risks, which are marked on beams and cantilevers of columns, and trusses by axial risks, which are marked on column heads and on trusses. Beams are temporarily fixed on supports using anchor bolts. Final alignment of crane beams and trusses is performed within the limits of mounting gripper, using geodetic instruments, after which all fasteners of beams are welded to embedded parts of columns. Installation of elements is performed by means of crossbeams (Table 3).

For safe operation of installers, stairs with platforms (PK Glavstalconstruction, 220) are attached to the column before installation. Immediately after installation of the beam between the columns, the safety rope is pulled at a height of 1.2... 1.6 m above the beam. It is attached to the brackets with strubcins, which are worn on the columns.

2) Installation of coating beams is performed with preliminary laying. Prior to installation on weight, state of structures is inspected and joints are prepared by cleaning embedded elements or releases of reinforcement from rust films. Then support surfaces on columns and adjustment trusses are checked and cleaned. Lifting of the beam is carried out by a crossbar (KB Glavmosstroy, 701617), and temporary attachment with inventory screw conductors. The canopy structures are mounted with a double-branch sling (GOST 1914473) after installation and attachment of the coating beam, and then the connections and side plates of the lamps are installed.

Before lifting beams and trusses are equipped with mounted cradles (PI Promstalconstruction 21059M), rope, bracing and bracing are hung.

Beams are installed on supporting parts of columns and adjusting trusses, combining axial hairlines. Installation is carried out from additional stairs and hinged cradles hung on substructure trusses. During installation, the beams are kept from swinging with hairs from hemp rope and turned in the desired direction by installers located on the ground. After installation of the coating beam, the floor slabs are installed and welded to the beam according to the design until installation of the subsequent coating beam .

3) Installation of coating plates. The coating plates are installed according to the longitudinal scheme when the crane moves along the spans. This is due to the fact that in the middle span there are canopy trusses, where the plates are laid out from the ends of the beam to the lamp, and then the plates on the lamps are mounted. Before installation, the coating plates are laid in stacks located along the columns. A crossbeam (PI Promstalconstruction, 200678) is used to sling the coating plates. Before lifting, the slabs are equipped with temporary fencing (PI Promstalconstruction, 4570R2), which are attached to mounting loops. At the extreme slabs, this fence remains for the entire period of work on the roof, and at the rest it is removed after installation of an adjacent slab .

Installers are attached by carbines to safety rope or to mounting loops of previously laid slabs; plate is accepted, guided and laid on supporting embedded parts of upper belt of coating beam. Correctness of placement in place is controlled by clearance with adjacent plates and risks of plate joints. Each plate is welded in three corners to embedded parts of beam. Temporary tacking of the coating plates is not allowed, so the plates are welded immediately by seams of the dimensions specified in the design. The number of design welds, their location and dimensions are determined by the design in accordance with the structural diagram of the building.

4) Installation of wall panels can be started only after completion of work on installation of load-bearing structures in the structural unit of the building. Automotive crane (KS 3571) is used for installation of wall panels, since heavy load capacity is not required here. Installation of wall panels, welding of embedded parts and sealing of joints are carried out using two cradles suspended from the inner side of the building. Wall panels are mounted with a two-branch sling (GOST 1914473).

Sealing and sealing of joints between panels. Sealing and sealing of seams in wall panels should be performed immediately after installation of panels. Sealing is performed with butyl-rubber tape. Curtain panels are typically mounted at the same time as other building structures in the sequence established in the project.

Installation Work Schedule

The schedule was developed for the installation of precast reinforced concrete structures of the entire building during two-shift operation of installation cranes and an eight-hour working day.

Duration of installation taking into account weekends 73 days.

The schedule is presented in the graphical part of the course work

List of literature

1. GESN 8102072001 "Collection No. 7 Concrete and reinforced concrete structures prefabricated."

2. ENiR E4. "Installation of prefabricated and construction of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structures." Issue 1. "Buildings and industrial structures."

3. ENiR E5. "Installation of metal structures." Issue 1. "Buildings and industrial structures."

4. SNiP 03.122001 "Safety in Construction Part 1. General requirements. "

5. SNiP 04.122002 "Safety in Construction Part 2. General requirements. "

6. Khamzin A.V. "Methodological guidelines for coursework and graduate design."

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