Modernization of the main movement drive based on the 2H135 machine

Contents

Introduction

1 Description of the developed structure and kinematic diagram

2 Calculation of cutting modes

3 Kinematic calculation of speed box

4 Design part

4.1 Kinematic calculation of the drive

4.2 Calculation of gears

4.2.1 Selection of materials and heat treatment

4.2.2 Definition of allowable stresses

4.2.3 Determining the Dimensions of Gears and Gears

4.2.4 Check calculation of spur gear

4.3 Calculation of shafts

4.4 Selection and calculation of bearings

4.5 Calculation of key connections

4.6 Calculation of splined connections

5 Description of the control system

6 Lubrication system description

7 Safety precautions

8 Output on operation

List of sources used

Specification

Introduction

Modern metal cutting machines are very advanced machines that include a large number of mechanisms and use mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and other methods of movement and cycle control.

Modern machines provide high performance due to speed, power and wide automation. In modern heavy machines, the power of only the main motor reaches 150 kW, and only a few dozen electric motors are sometimes installed on one machine. The weight of unique machines reaches several thousand tons.

In design, various mechanisms using hydraulics, electrics, pneumatics are used to give the machine the required qualities and functions; They also use details of complex structural forms with high requirements for their quality indicators, introduce progressive design principles (aggregation, unification); search for the most rational layout of machines, develop new cycle control systems.

Along with the development and improvement of existing processing methods in recent years, machines have appeared on the basis of fundamentally new technological processes. Such processes include electroerosion processing, electrochemical processing methods, high-energy focused beam treatment, high-pressure thin jet treatment, ultrasonic method, and other methods.

Thus, the machines, which are referred to as metal cutting machines, include a wider group of machine tools that process not only metals but also other materials by various methods.

In order to perform such a variety of technological tasks with high requirements for product quality and processing performance, the latest engineering advances must be used in machine design.

Description of the control system

To switch speeds, it is necessary to move one double and two triple gear blocks. All gear units are switched by means of handle control mechanism. Turning of handle (35) moves one unit of gear wheels with fork (23), which pounces on rim of gear block or is installed in clearance between rims of gear block, similar to turning of handle (34) moves the second unit of gear wheels with fork (22). When the unit moves on the shaft, the fixing mechanism located in the fork moves with it. In a certain position, the ball of the fixing mechanism is closed into a rinse on the guide, and the unit is not able to move without applying additional force (turning the handle). The movement of the fork along the guide is limited by stops located on both sides of the switching fork of the gear unit.

Control mechanism of double gear unit is similar.

Lubrication System Description

The speed box lubrication system provides for supply of the required amount of lubricant to rubbing vapors, its distribution over the entire working surface, cleaning of lubricant.

The lubrication system of the designed unit is part of the entire machine lubrication system. Lubrication of the machine is provided by the following systems:

- circulation

- packing.

The circulating system carries out lubricant of a box of speeds, giving, the mechanism of giving, a drilling head, the plunger pump, oil indicators. Plunger pump is attached to lower plate of speed box housing and is actuated by eccentric secured on speed box shaft. The oil supplied by the pump is supplied through the pipes in which the slots are made, to the gears, shafts, bearings of the speed and supply boxes, the drill head, then flows back to the oil tank.

Lubrication of bearings of spindle, bearings of speed gearbox drive, bearings of electric motor and bearings of electric pump is performed by packing with grease.

To maintain the lubrication system, fill the oil tank to the level of the lower oil indicator with "Industrial 20A" oil. The oil level should be checked by the red point of the oil indicator before the machine starts or after its shutdown in 10 - 15 minutes (after the oil drains to the tank). During normal operation of the pump oil must continuously enter the control eye. It is recommended to change oil for the first time after 10 days of work, for the second time after 20 days, and then every three months. Check lubrication system also every three months.

Output by operation

The purpose of this course project is to modernize the drive of the main movement of the vertical drilling machine model 2H135.

Compared to the traditional arrangement with the number of stages z = 12, a gearbox with the number of stages z = 18 was developed, which significantly increased the range of rotation speeds of the spindle.

Shafts do not have protrusions, cavities, blind or through holes, which are non-technological elements. Shafts provide reliable attachment of gear wheels, have the required strength and rigidity.

The design of the bearing units is quite technological (the bearings are seated in the housing or in the sleeve and fixed by a cover or locking ring), which simplifies the assembly or disassembly of the box.

Large gears are stamped, which significantly reduces the weight of the speed box and the machine as a whole.

For the best engagement and contact during gear shifting, as well as to achieve the highest strength and durability of the teeth at optimal values ​ ​ of thickness and hardness of the surface layer and core, contour hardening of the teeth with heating of the HPH under water is used. This allows you to increase the endurance limit by 1.7-2 times, and fatigue durability by 3-6 times.