Kindergarten for 95 places in the city of Saratov - course

Introduction

Children's preschool institutions are the most massive objects of civil construction, the design and construction of which is closely connected with the implementation of the housing program and the restructuring of the public education system, as well as with the social sphere of life of the population.

A particularly important role in the design should be assigned to the influence of the architectural environment on the formation of the child's personality, eliminating the negative effects of monotonous uniformity on his psychology.

At the present stage, it is necessary to take more careful account of regional climatic and national characteristics, the specifics of the social needs of the population, and the characteristics of demographics. Building designs must meet the tasks of humanizing the living environment, high architectural, artistic and aesthetic requirements.

1. General data on the construction site

On instructions, a kindergarten for 95 people in Saratov was designed.

The project was developed for construction in the III climatic region (III B) of Saratov for the following natural conditions:

• terrain - flat, calm;

• groundwater level below the foundation base;

• average outside air temperature of the coldest five days (with security of 0.92) minus 27 ° С [2];

• ground freezing depth 1.45 m.;

• design internal air temperature + 20 ° С [1];

• Duration of period with average daily air temperature < = 8 ° С 196 days [2];

• Average air temperature of this period minus 4.3 ° С [2].

2. Master Plan

2.1 Justification of location in the area of the designed building

The plot plan of the kindergarten site is drawn up in accordance with the current norms and rules for the design of public buildings.

The building is designed in the system of comprehensive service of the population in accordance with the planning of the development of this city, as well as taking into account the creation of convenient transport communication with the city center and districts.

This building is located in a residential area of ​ ​ the city near the green massifs; according to the norms, it requires the allocation of an independent section of the corresponding area. The size of the land plot is accepted according to [4] 0.78 ha .

On the adjacent territory are designed: a kindergarten building, playgrounds, overhangs, outbuildings.

The facade of the building is oriented south.

2.2 Entrances and approaches to the building

Since children stay in kindergarten most of the time, it should be protected from unnecessary noise from the side of the road and other noisy structures, so on the sides of the roads the building is fenced with green spaces in the form of deciduous trees. There are two approaches to the building and one entrance for the garbage cleaner. This entrance also leads to the administrative entrance of the kindergarten. Approaches to the building are carried out through two entrances located on the side of the western and eastern facades, as well as from the interior.

Entrance to the kindergarten building is provided by:

1. through 2 inputs;

2. through 2 service inputs;

2.3 Landscaping and landscaping of the site

The building is 25 m inland from the northern facade from the red line (according to [5]). Landscaping is provided on the adjacent land plot of the kindergarten, free of building and asphalting. The minimum landscaping area is designed according to at least 50% of the total land area. For landscaping, deciduous and trees are used, as well as planting lawn grass, flower beds are provided. Landscaping works are provided (according to [5]) for the IIIB climatic area. Along the road there is an ordinary planting of deciduous trees. Around the building, along its perimeter, there is a pavement (according to [4]), which fits tightly to the base of the building and has a slope of i = 0.03 (or 3%).

3. Volumetric - planning solution

A space planning solution is a solution on the basis of which a particular composition and size of premises are made.

3.1 Purpose of the building, peculiarities of functional and technological

process, main room groups (zones)

The kindergarten building is designed to:

1. for the initial socialization of children, teaching them peer communication skills,

2. for a mass, publicly accessible solution to the problem of employment of their parents (for which the kindergarten time in most cases coincides with the typical work schedule of most professions: from 8 to 18 hours five days a week),

3. The kindergarten system also provides minimal preparation for children to study at school - at the level of primary reading, writing and numeracy skills.

Main groups (zones) of rooms

I Children's residence area:

1) reception of children;

2) group;

3) bedroom;

4) buffet;

5) toilet room;

II Administrative and economic zone:

1) office of the head;

2) methodological office;

3) speech therapist's office;

4) flawed + ironing;

5) pantry of clean linen;

6) personnel toilet;

7) pantry.

8) electric shield;

9) security room;

III Cooking area:

1) hot workshop;

2) dispensing;

3) cold workshop;

4) meat-breeding workshop;

5) Vegetable primary treatment shop;

6) washing kitchen utensils;

7) pantry of dry products;

8) storeroom for vegetables;

9) room with refrigeration equipment for storage of perishable products;

10) unloading;

11) staff room, locker room;

12) shower and toilet for personnel;

13) room for storage of harvesting equipment and preparation of detergent and disinfectant solutions.

IV Medical area:

1) medical office;

2) insulator;

3) procedural cabinet;

4) chamber;

5) toilet;

V Cultural and Entertainment Area:

1) sports hall;

2) pantry sports. inventory;

3) music hall;

4) a storeroom of muses. inventory;

Building engineering equipment

The main systems of building engineering equipment that create comfortable conditions are power supply systems, telephone network, heating, ventilation, water supply and sewerage systems.

6.1 Heating

To compensate for the heat loss of the premises and maintain in them a temperature of 20 С that meets the requirements of [11], a district heating system is provided. The heat supply source is Volzhskaya TGK OJSC in Saratov.

6.2 Water supply

Centralized water supply. The source of cold and hot water supply is the city water supply network. Water supply - household drinking water. Provides hot and cold water supply to the building for drinking needs, technical works and personal hygiene procedures. For this purpose, appropriate equipment is provided in bathrooms (washbasins), in the kitchen of the dining room (sinks).

6.3 Drainage

Water disposal is centralized. Household sewage is diverted to the city sewage network.

6.4 Ventilation

Ventilation of rooms ensures air cleanliness and required parameters of air medium and microclimate in terms of temperature and humidity by removing excess moisture and heat from the rooms. The building provides for natural organized ventilation, carried out by supplying and removing air through special ventilation channels, or by opening windows and windows.

Conclusion

During the implementation of this project, the norms and rules for the construction of public buildings, including kindergartens, were studied, examples of already built kindergartens that meet modern requirements were considered.

The designed building looks both inside and outside, combined with the rhythm of the city, national traditions and the spirit of the times. Meets its functional purpose and construction site.

This project meets all modern requirements, is made in a single style, is equipped with modern equipment and interior items.

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