Nursery-kindergarten for 280 places in St. Petersburg - course

Contents

1. Introduction of pages

2. Initial data for design and construction of pages

3. Volumetric - planning solutions pp

4. Calculation of the stairwell page

5. Design solutions pp

5.1. Main design solutions pp

5.2. Calculation of thermal protection of the building. Heat engineering calculation of enclosing structures pp

5.2.1 Heat Engineering Calculation of Outer Wall Pp

5.2.2 Heat engineering calculation of pp coatings

6. Filling of window openings of pages

6.1 Filling of door openings pp

7. External and internal finishing pp

8. Sanitary and technical devices pp

9. Foundation selection base pp

10. Fire fighting measures pp

11. Conclusion of pages

12. List of literature pages

Introduction

The course project was developed according to the assignment for graduate design: "Nursery-kindergarten with 280 seats in St. Petersburg "

The designed 3-story building is located in the city of St. Petersburg. Due to the constant growth of the population, there is a need for the construction of new modern civilian buildings. According to the functional purpose, the kindergarten building will be located in a residential area of ​ ​ the city, based on this it should be designed so that it aesthetically fits into the appearance of a standard sleeping area.

The designed building is a 3-story panel structure for civilian purposes. The building consists of one section, the plan dimensions of which are 67,160m x 18,000m. The work covers structural and space-planning solutions. Foundation selection is justified and the stairwell is calculated.

Space planning solutions

The kindergarten-nursery project was carried out on the basis of the Urban Planning Plan of the land plot issued by the Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning of St. Petersburg. The building is designed with a simple plan shape, which is a rectangular block separated by a deformation joint. Ruberoid non-exploitable roof. The dimensions of the building in the axes are 67160x18000mm.

Access to the building is provided from two streets, providing access to fire and service vehicles to all entrances and windows of the building.

Designed building in seismic version in prefabricated monolithic design.

Special shafts are provided for functional support of the internal drain.

As an external wall fence, light concrete panels are adopted. The panel is a flat single-layer structure made of light or cellular concrete, reinforced with a spatial framework. Panels made of light concrete have outer and inner textured layers, 20 and 15 mm thick, respectively. Texture layers are designed from cement sand mortar with average density of 1800 kg/m3 of M100 grade. Panels are manufactured under factory conditions in accordance with GOST II02484.

Internal partitions - vertical non-bearing enclosing structures that separate one room from another. Partitions must meet the following requirements: have a small mass and a small thickness, have good soundproofing qualities. Adopted plaster partitions, 100 mm thick.

The storey of the building is 2-3 floors.

Degree of fire resistance - II.

Building responsibility class -I.

4. Calculation of the stairwell

The staircase is designed for communication between floors, as well as for emergency evacuation of people from the building. A staircase consisting of prefabricated reinforced concrete elements resting on prefabricated reinforced concrete platforms has been designed.

Floor height 3.0 m. The riser is 150 mm, the inlet is 280 mm.

1. Altitude of the march H/2 = 3000/2 = 1500 mm.

2. We determine the number of risers in one march

n = 1500/150 = 10

3. The number of treads in the march is one less than the number of risers

10 – 1 = 9

4. We determine the value of the laying of the march or the length of the horizontal projection 280 * (n - 1) = 280 * 9 = 2520 mm.

Justification of foundation selection

Foundations take loads from the ground part of the building and transfer them to the base.

A shallow foundation was designed for the nursery-garden building. The bearing capacity of the soil is previously calculated, on the basis of this, the width of the bottom of the tape foundation, as well as the depth, are calculated. The foundation accepts all loads arising in the building and transfers them to the ground. The foundation shall meet the requirements of strength, stability, durability and economy.

The foundation is designed prefabricated reinforced concrete, glass type. The width of the sole is taken as 1.8 m x 1.8 m.

The depth of foundation laying is determined based on hydrogeological characteristics of the base, climatic conditions of the construction area and temperature regime of the lower floor or basement rooms.

The soil of the base is clay .

UHV - 1,7 m

We determine the normative depth of soil freezing in the construction area. According to SNiP 230199 "Construction climatology" for St. Petersburg, the normative freezing depth is Nn = 190cm.

The calculated freezing depth is determined by the formula:

Lv = m1 * N

Where m1 is the coefficient of influence of the thermal mode of the building, we accept for buildings without basements with a design temperature of 200 С equal to 0.5.

H = 0.5 * 1.9 = 0.95 m.

Since the base is composed of clay soils, the depth of foundation shall be greater than the design freezing depth.

The depth of the foundation also depends on the level of groundwater .

N + 2 = 0.95 + 2 = 2.95 m> UGV = 1.7 m

Finally we take H = 1m.

The underground parts of the building are hydroinsulated from seepage through the ground of surface water and moisture present in the ground. In addition, the foundation and other underground parts of the building are made on special cements. To protect underground parts of the building from surface water, around the building the land is planned with a slope from the building. Pavements made of waterproof materials (asphalt) are arranged along the outer walls. To combat capillary moisture, horizontal waterproofing is arranged in the designed building. As waterproofing materials, the following are used: penetrone, addition to concrete.

Fire fighting measures

The project provides for fire safety measures in accordance with SNiP 210197 "Fire safety of buildings and structures."

The fire resistance of the building is II.

The building provides structural, volume-planning and engineering solutions that provide in case of fire:

- the possibility of evacuation of people, regardless of their age and physical condition, to the outside, to the area adjacent to the building before the threat to their life and health, due to the impact of dangerous fire factors;

- the possibility of saving people;

- possibility of access of personnel of fire departments and supply of fire extinguishing equipment to the fire center, as well as carrying out measures to save people and material assets;

- fire non-propagation on nearby buildings, including in case of burning building collapse;

- limitation of direct and indirect material damage, including the contents of the building and the building itself, with an environmentally sound ratio of the amount of damage to the costs of fire prevention measures, fire protection and its technical equipment.

Evacuation measures are provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.08.0189, SNiP 2.08.0289 and SNiP 210197 .

Evacuation of people from the building is carried out through two fire stairs.

Automatic fire alarm is provided in all rooms of the designed facility, except for rooms that are not included in the list according to NPB 11003 Item 4 "Appendix to the Order of the Ministry of Emergencies of Russia dated 18.06.2003 No. 315."

11. Conclusion

During the course work, the main characteristics of the climatic construction area were determined, as well as the characteristics of the building itself.

The volume planning, architectural, artistic and structural solutions for the building are considered. The stairwell was calculated. The work also provides justification of the accepted foundation design and describes structural solutions for it. The thickness of the accepted enclosing structures is justified by the heat engineering calculation .

On the general plan, improvement objects are applied for the most convenient operation of the territory for its intended purpose .