Heating, ventilation, condensation of the production and storage complex

Contents

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 3 OF THE BOOK

1. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

1 1Based Part

1.1.1 Regulatory requirements

1.1.2 Design ambient air parameters

1.1.3 Design parameters of internal air

1.1.4 Design factors for determination of air exchange in rooms

1.1.5 Design factors for determination of cold consumption in rooms

1.1.6 Heat Source

1.1.7 Source of cold

1.1.8 Noise level

1.2 Heating and heat supply of air heaters

1.2.1 Heating and heat supply systems

1.2.2 Heating, heat supply and cold supply system pipelines

1.2.3 Air removal

1.3 Ventilation and air conditioning

1.3.1 Main rooms

1.3.2 Passenger car parking

1.3.3 Heating and ventilation equipment

1.4 Noise reduction measures

1.5 Automation of heating and ventilation systems

1.6 Fire Safety Measures

1.7 Energy Efficiency

1.8 Main indicators for section "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"

ATTACHMENTS:

Appendix 1. Sheets

Data on indoor air exchanges

Appendix 2. Sheets

Calculation of air exchange for dilution of harmful substances emitted by motor vehicles

Appendix 3. Leaf

Room Heat Input Data

Appendix 4. Sheets

Characteristics of heating and ventilation systems

Appendix 5. Leaf

Refrigeration Center Schematic Diagram

Appendix 6. Sheets 1

Schematic diagrams of ventilation and air conditioning systems

Annex 7. Leaf

Piping units: air heater, air cooler, fan coil

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 3 OF THE BOOK

Water supply and drainage

General part

Source Data

Water supply

Water disposal

Drinking water supply system (B1)

Hot water supply (T3, T4)

Domestic sewage system (K1)

Rainwater sewer (K2)

Drainage

Fire water supply

Energy saving

Estimated water consumption at the commercial and commercial center on the street. Butyrskaya, d.

Key Project Indicators

Appendix 1. Leaf

Schematic diagram of systems B1, T3, T

Appendix 2. Leaf

Schematic diagram of K1, K3, KV systems

Appendix 3. Leaf

Schematic diagram of K2, CP systems

Volume 3 Book 1

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning

General part

This Explanatory Note considers the provision of heating, ventilation and air conditioning to a commercial and commercial complex with an underground parking lot, located in the Northern Administrative District of Moscow at the address: ul. Butyrskaya, house 77.

The building, which houses the commercial and commercial complex, consists of underground and ground parts.

In the ground 12 storey part of the building there are :

On the 1st floor there is a store trading room, a cafe with auxiliary rooms, entrance groups and technical rooms.

On the 2nd floor, on the elev. 2.400 an entrance group of the office part is organized, including a passage/waiting area, an access control system, a pass office, a hall and a buffet at 29 seats. The shopping and office parts of the building have independent entrances from the street and evacuation exits. At elevation 2.400 there is a dining room for office employees at 50 seats. The dining room operates on semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness. At el. + 0.000 a cafe for 25 seats is designed, which has a separate entrance. It is also assumed that the dining room, buffet and cafes at elevation + 0.000 are served by one operator and therefore have single technological rooms .

Floors from 3-12 are intended for office space.

On the roof in axes "B" "K," "6" - "7," the project provides for the organization of an autonomous gas boiler room of the roof type.

Underground parking consists of two separated parking lots located under each other. Entrance to the first parking lot located at elev. -4.650, -7.950 is carried out along the ramp from elevation - 0.700. The second parking is located at elevation 11.250, which is accessed using a car lift, which is located at el. -1.800. Underground parking is connected to the above-ground part of the building by means of 2 elevators with a carrying capacity of 1000 kg, which go to elev. 2.400. One of the elevators, in addition to the usual functions, is designed for transportation of fire departments. The office part is served by two panoramic elevators located in the atrium and one service closed elevator, also intended for transportation of fire departments. The project also provides for 2 evacuation stairs, one of which has access directly to the street, the second through the lobby to the street .

The building has independent fire compartments:

- 3rd floor (elev. -11.250) - passenger car storage rooms with fire compartment area not exceeding 3000 m2;

-2 and -1 floors (elev. -7.950 and -4.650) - car storage rooms with fire compartment area not exceeding 3000 m2;

ground floors - a complex building with a floor area of ​ ​ about 1300 m2, representing one fire compartment.

Regulatory requirements

Technical solutions of the project on heating, ventilation, air conditioning, heat supply, cold supply and smoke protection comply with the requirements of environmental, sanitary and hygiene, fire protection and other standards applicable in the territory of the Russian Federation.

The following regulatory documents were used in the development of the project:

GOST 12.1.00588 "General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air in the working area"

GOST 3049496 "Residential and public buildings. Indoor microclimate parameters "

SNiP 41012003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"

SNiP 2.04. 0591 * "Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning"

SNiP 230199 * "Construction climatology"

SNiP 21.0299 "Parking"

MGSN 5.0101 "Car Parking"

SNiP 23022003 "Thermal protection of buildings"

SNiP 2.01.0285 * ed. 1991 "Fire Safety Standards"

SNiP 23032003 "Noise Protection"

SNiP 2.08.0289 * ed. 1993 "Public buildings and structures"

SNiP 31052003 ed. 2004. "Public administrative buildings"

MGSN 4.0494 with rev. No. 1 "Multifunctional buildings and com-blocks"

MGSN 4.1498 with rev. No. 1 "Catering Enterprises"

MGSN 4.1397 "Retailers"

STANDARD AVOK "Residential and public buildings." Air exchange standards. 2002.

Design Factors for Indoor Air Exchange

Air exchange of rooms is defined by:

in working and administrative premises - for assimilation of heat wastes with check to ensure the supply of sanitary norm of outdoor air per 1 person per hour (at least 60 m3/h per 1 person. in office, administrative when people stay in them continuously over 2 hours and at least 20 m3/hour per 1 person. - with temporary (less than two hours) stay. The number of workplaces is accepted on the condition of 7.5 m2 of room area per 1 person;

in cafe premises - for assimilation of heat wastes with check of provision of outdoor air sanitary norm for 1 person per hour (not less than 30 m3/h per 1 visitor and 100 m3/h per 1 worker). The number of visitors is accepted by the number of seats;

in store trading rooms - for assimilation of heat wastes with check to ensure the supply of outdoor air sanitary norm per 1 person per hour (at least 20 m3/h per 1 visitor and 60 m3/h per 1 worker). The number of visitors is accepted based on the condition of 5 m2 of room area per person;

in domestic and auxiliary rooms - according to normative ratios;

- in technical rooms - according to normative ratios or for assimilation of heat wastes;

- in the underground parking lot - for assimilation of harmful substances released during engine operation.

1.1.5 Design factors for determination of cold consumption in rooms

To create comfortable conditions in the premises, the cold consumption is determined based on the calculation of assimilation of heat supplied to the premises:

- from working people;

- from process equipment and organizational equipment that consumes electricity;

- from solar radiation;

- from artificial lighting;

- with external plenum air.

Heat source

A gas roof boiler house is designed for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. For details, see the special. sections.

Source of cold

To provide cold air conditioning systems, a refrigeration center is designed with the installation of 2 refrigeration machines (chillers).

One of the chillers is proposed to be installed with two air-cooled remote condensers.

Another chiller is proposed to be installed with two remote condensers with "dry" (ethylene glycol) cooling.

Cold consumers are:

- air coolers of air conditioners;

- zone fan heat exchangers (fencoyles).

Coolant for air conditioning systems and fenkoil accepted water with temperatures of 712 wasps.

Remote condenser plants with "dry" cooling are used to ensure cold supply of fencoyles in the winter period of the year, which allows using natural cold outside air. For this purpose installation of the heat exchanger cooling the water (712 wasps) circulating in a system with the intermediate heat carrier - 40%nym by ethylene glycol solution with temperatures of 611 wasps is provided in the system of cold supply.

In the warm period of the year, a heat exchanger can be installed in the circulation ethylene glycol circuit (chiller - "dry" cooler) in order to obtain hot water for the HVA system.

To equalize the operation of the refrigerating machine at low loads, a storage tank is provided.

1.1.8 Noise level

The design provides solutions that ensure noise level in the premises that does not exceed the permissible values ​ ​ for heating and ventilation systems:

- in working rooms and rooms - 50 dBa;

- in rooms - 45 dBa;

- in technical rooms - 60 dBa.

Heating and heating of air heaters

Heating and heating systems

To calculate the heat load of the heating system, the following heat transfer resistance factors were adopted by the external enclosing structures: (according to the data of the section "Energy Efficiency "):

for walls - 3.3 (sq.m * OS) / W;

for a covering - 3.55 (sq.m * OS) / W;

for overlapping over the parking - 2.29 (sq.m * OS) / W;

for overlapping over journey - 3.09 (sq.m * OS) / W;

for glazing - 0.56 (sq.m * OS) / W.

The building heating and heat supply systems of the air heaters of the plenum plants and air conditioners are connected to the designed roof boiler room according to a dependent scheme. The coolant of heating and heat supply systems of air heaters of plenum plants and air conditioners (to calculate the heating surface) is water with temperatures of 9570 ° С.

Building heating systems with local heating devices are assumed:

in the premises of the above-ground left part of the building and the above-ground part of the building from 3 to 12 floors - two-pipe vertical, with upper wiring of the supply line. Water supply to side heating devices with coolant circulation by "superuvniz" device. It is proposed to use steel compact radiators (or convectors) of import or domestic production as heating devices;

for cafe and store premises - double-tube horizontal-vertical, with floor-by-floor wiring of supply and return pipelines to heating devices. Water supply to lower or side heating devices with coolant circulation by "superuvniz" device. Horizontal branch riser pipelines are laid in floor structures of the corresponding floor. It is proposed to use steel compact radiators (or convectors) of import or domestic production as heating devices;

in underground parking areas - two-tube horizontal, with floor-by-floor wiring of supply and return pipelines to heating devices. It is proposed to use registers made of smooth pipes as heating devices. The heating system maintains air temperature in the storage area of cars plus 5 wasps.

To control heat transfer, almost every device is equipped with a temperature controller that allows changing the heating power levels of the radiator, thereby creating comfortable conditions for individual rooms or zones. To equalize the water pressure in the system, balancing valves are installed on the riser branches.

Heating devices to the risers are connected through shut-off valves (valves) designed to disconnect individual devices from the system, empty them and fill them with water without disconnecting the entire system.

Above the central entrance to the building and above the entrance to the underground parking lot, the installation of air-heat curtains with electric heating is provided.

Air-heat curtains are delivered complete, with automation and control devices.

Pipelines of heating, heat supply and cold supply systems

Pipelines of the above systems are made of steel water and gas pipes according to GOST 326275 * with a diameter of up to 57 mm and steel electric welded pipes according to GOST 1070491 with a pipe diameter of more than 57 mm, as well as bent sections and points of reinforcement connection.

Pipelines of horizontal branch-risers of heating systems laid in floor structures shall be made of metal-plastic pipes in protective corrugated pipes ("foot" type). At the same time, the offered temperatures of the heat carrier of 9570 wasps, at design engineering are required specifications.

All pipelines of cold supply systems of air coolers and fencoyles, heat supply systems of air heaters, main pipelines of heating system, pipelines laid in underground channels and at external doors, main risers of heating system are heat insulated by Armaflex pipe insulation material of Armstrong or Thermaflex company. Insulation thickness is taken by calculation.

The piping of air heaters and air coolers of plenum plants and air conditioners includes shut-off valves, and circulation pumps.

Shut-off and control pipeline valves of heat supply systems are proposed for import production.

1.2.3 Air removal

Air removal from heating and heat supply systems is carried out through air cranes (manual and automatic) and air sinks (manual and automatic) installed at the highest points of the systems. To remove air and lower water, main pipelines are laid with a slope (0,002... 0,003).

1.3 Ventilation and air conditioning

1.3.1 Main rooms

To create the required standard parameters of internal air in the office premises of the building:

- in the cold period of the year - supply of heated outdoor air by central air conditioners and local cooling of recirculation air in fencoyles.

During the cold season, household humidifiers can be used to humidify indoor air.

- in the warm period of the year - supply of cooled outside air by central air conditioners and local cooling of recirculation air in fencoyles.

Operation of fan heat exchangers (fencoyles) provides individual temperature control for individual rooms or zones.

Characteristics and equipment of ventilation and air conditioning systems are given in Appendix 4.

The central air conditioners use a direct-flow air treatment scheme including:

- air cleaning in dry filters;

- in the cold period of the year - air heating in a water air heater;

- in the warm period of the year - air cooling in the water air cooler;

- noise suppression.

Channel-type noise silencers are installed on the air ducts of exhaust systems.

Air supply to the rooms is provided by adjustable grids and ceiling diffusers.

Air is removed from the rooms by exhaust systems through adjustable air terminals directly from the room.

Local air coolers, mainly of cassette or channel type, are installed in areas behind the set ceilings.

Recirculation air from the room to the air cooler is taken through the central part of the grid and, after cooling, is supplied to the room with filling jets.

In rooms where there is no possibility of placing air coolers in the areas behind the set ceilings, it is possible to install ceiling or wall type air coolers.

In rooms with a large area, to control the air temperature in the room in zones, several air coolers can be installed or one channel-type air cooler with an air distribution chamber is installed, from which cooled air is supplied through flexible air ducts to air intake grids to the corresponding zones.

Parking of cars

For the ventilation of passenger car parking rooms, in connection with the allocated fire compartments, the following plenum installations are offered:

on -2 and -1 floors (elev. -7.950 and -4.650) - one independent plenum installation for each level-floor. Air ducts of plenum systems connected to each other by a jumper, on which a gate with an electric drive is installed;

on - 3rd floor (elev. -11.250) - 2 plenum units with 50% of the required air exchange. Installations work simultaneously. Air ducts of plenum systems connected to each other by a jumper, on which a gate with an electric drive is installed;

Plenum plants operate according to a direct flow scheme, since the project proposes heating with local heating devices.

Exhaust systems provide air removal from the lower and upper parking areas.

Air removal from the room is carried out by independent installations from each level-floor.

Heating and ventilation equipment

The heating and ventilation equipment used in the project meets the latest standards and has high thermal and aerodynamic characteristics.

Plenum units and air conditioners are provided with the possibility of delivery of factory-made in the set:

- with complete internal heat and sound insulation ,

- with removable access panels;

- with effective air purification filters;

- with a complete set of control facilities, control, regulation and automation;

- with system for protection of air heaters against freezing;

- with installation of air heaters and air coolers of circulation pumps in the piping.

To create sound pressure level in the serviced rooms that does not exceed the permissible level, all ventilation equipment is equipped with noise reduction and silencing facilities.

Central plenum units are located in the ventilation chamber room. Mini plenum installation under the ceiling in the premises of the observation and security station. Plenum installation in the eating room - under the ceiling of the serviced room .

Exhaust units are located:

in ventilation chambers

in ventilation areas on the roof - low-noise roof fans;

in serviced rooms - channel fans.

Main air ducts of plenum ventilation, main cold pipelines and drain pipelines of fan heat exchangers are laid behind the set ceilings of corridors, halls and in communication shafts.

Air ducts to air terminals and exhaust air ducts from the rooms are laid behind the set ceilings of the serviced rooms. fan heat exchangers (fencoyles) are also installed there.

Air ducts of plenum and exhaust ventilation systems, within the serviced floor, shall be provided for class "P" of galvanized steel (GOST 1491880), thickness as per Appendix 21 SNiP 2.04.0591 *. Outside the serviced floor - made of black sheet steel (GOST 1990374) on solid weld and with fire-resistant coating - fire resistance limit according to SNiP 2.04.0591 *.

Transit sections of ventilation system air ducts outside the serviced floor shall be made of galvanized steel of class "P" with insulation by heat and heat protection coating "Oplot 11."

Air ducts made of black sheet steel, painted during manufacture with GF021 soil from inside and outside; after installation, air ducts without insulation are painted with PF115 enamel.

1.4 Noise reduction measures

To achieve the regulated noise levels created by the operating equipment of the heating and ventilation systems in the premises, the following measures are provided:

placement of equipment in separate rooms having soundproofed enclosing structures for protection against noise penetration from these rooms to neighboring ones;

application of equipment with reduced noise level;

use of vibration insulated fans connected to air ducts by flexible inserts;

installation of noise silencers on plenum and exhaust ducts.

Noise level created by operating equipment of heating and ventilation systems does not exceed the permissible noise level for populated areas.

Automation of heating and ventilation systems

To ensure the required air conditions in the rooms, increase the reliability of the systems, save heat, electric power, it is provided:

- maintaining the specified parameters of the air medium, coolant and coolant;

- protection of air heaters from freezing;

- local and remote control of ventilation systems;

- local and remote monitoring of air, coolant and coolant parameters;

- blocking of ventilation equipment:

a). between the components of the ventilation system itself;

b). with fire protection systems: disconnection of ventilation systems in case of fire automatic and manual.

Fire Safety Measures

The project provides for fire prevention measures in accordance with the regulatory requirements and recommendations of Pozhexpertproekt LLC - Fire Prevention Measures (Specification).

Internal fire extinguishing is solved by water.

Energy efficiency

The building uses materials of structures of external walls with high heat technical characteristics, having a reduced coefficient of heat transfer, as well as heat and noise protection windows with three-layer glazing. These structures have increased resistance to air permeation. In addition, in order to reduce the consumption of cold in comfortable conditioning systems, the calculation adopts the installation of curtains made of light material on the windows. In a heating system with local heating devices, each device is equipped with an individual temperature controller, which allows you to constantly maintain the required temperature in the premises, which reduces the waste of heat for overheating the premises. Heating devices are installed of a new generation, having high thermal characteristics.

Plenum units are provided with automatic control system. Due to the accuracy of maintaining the required parameters of the air environment in the rooms and the temperature of the supply air, heat savings are achieved.

To prevent the explosion of cold air at the entrances to the office part of the building and cafeteria, the installation of air-heat curtains is provided.

To reduce heat and cold consumption, heat insulation of the main pipelines of the heat supply, heating and cold supply systems (version 2) is provided with modern high-efficiency heat insulation material from Armstrong and Thermaflex.

Volume 3 Book 2

Water supply and drainage

General part

This section of the project is based on the following documents:

architectural and construction part of this project ,

data from Owner,

Site Plot Plan

SNiP 2.04.0185 * - "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings";

SNiP 2.04.0284 - "Water supply. External networks and structures ";

SNiP 2.04.0385 - "Sewerage. External networks ";

SNiP 31.05.2003 - "Public administrative buildings"

SNiP 2.09.0487 * - "Administrative and household buildings";

SNiP 210197 - "Fire safety of buildings and structures";

NPB110-03 "List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to protection by automatic fire extinguishing units and automatic fire alarm";

MGSN 4.04.94 - "Multifunctional buildings and complexes";

MGSN 2.0199 - "Energy saving in buildings";

MGSN 5.0101 "Car Parking"

SniP 2.04.0989 "Fire automation of buildings and structures ."

SanPIN 2.1.4.107401 "Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control. "

The project was developed in accordance with the requirements of environmental, sanitary, fire and other standards applicable in the Russian Federation, and ensures the safe operation of the building for people, subject to these decisions.

The design provides for the installation of the following systems for the designed administrative building:

drinking water supply system (B1);

system of domestic and drinking hot water supply, with circulation (T3; T4),

internal automatic fire-fighting water supply system (B2),

domestic sewage system (K1),

rainwater sewage system (K2)

sewers from cafe and buffet (K3)

Gravity and pressure drainage (K4, K4N).

The type and characteristics of the equipment proposed in the design can be specified and changed during the design process at the detailed design stage of the "RD," provided that the functional purpose of the utility systems is preserved and the relevant certificates of the Russian Federation for this equipment are available.

Source Data

The designed building of the commercial center is located at: Moscow, Butyrskaya St., 77.

Building volume - 13001.8 m3

Including the underground part - 1004.4 m3

1.3 Water supply

The source of water supply for the designed commercial center is the existing city water supply F300 mm passing along the street, Butyrskaya.

To provide the design parameters of the designed water supply system, it is envisaged to install booster pumps for household drinking water supply (2 pcs. - 1 working, 1 standby) with a membrane tank.

At the site of the tie-in to the city network, a camera is designed from precast reinforced concrete of the VKN type.

Isolation valves at the inlet and water metering unit are installed of the type "MVV" of the plant "Vodopribor."

Water for household drinking and fire protection needs is supplied by 2 F150mm inlets made of high-strength cast iron pipes (HShG) with internal cement sand and external galvanized coating, which has the Russian hygienic certificate.

At the entrance to the building in the garage room, a water metering unit with a bypass line is provided. To take into account the cold water flow rate, the OSV counter F40 mm is installed at the water metering unit.

External fire extinguishing is accepted with a water flow rate of 100 l/s and is carried out from 3 fire hydrants installed in wells on the external water supply line (item 13.4 of VSN 285 of the Moscow City Executive Committee). The range of one fire hydrant is 150 m.

Water disposal

For the removal of domestic effluents from buildings and rainwater from the territory, the project provides for the installation of on-site sewage networks.

The F200 mm yard sewerage network is designed from high-strength cast iron pipes with an internal cement sand coating, with seals of joints with rubber rings manufactured by Lipetsk Metallurgical Plant Svobodny Sokol OJSC with connection to the city network.

Along the route at the angles of rotation, inspection wells are installed from prefabricated railway elements according to the standard album "Mosproekt1" section 16, series 8.

Pipes are laid on concrete and railway bases. The type of base is accepted according to the typical Mosinzhproekt album series 3.008.96/86.

The company provides for:

sewage system for domestic wastewater disposal;

sewerage system for sewage from cafeterias and the dining room;

rain sewer to divert rain and meltwater from the roof of the building.

sewage system for emergency discharges from the roof

gas boiler house

Removal of domestic effluents from the designed administrative building is carried out to the city's domestic sewerage network.

The drainage of rain effluents from the roof of the designed buildings is carried out by internal drains to the city's rain sewer network.

The removal of emergency discharges from the roof gas boiler house is carried out by a separate release to the city rain sewer network.

Rain drains from the territory are allocated by vertical layout to the city's rain sewer network.

Domestic sewage system K1

All drains from the devices in the designed administrative building in their composition belong to household.

The daily drainage will be: 13.77 m3/day or 5.87 l/s.

Removal of domestic waste water from plumbing devices is provided by K1 F100 mm gravity network to the designed on-site sewage network F200 mm.

Domestic sewage system (except for outlets) is designed from low-pressure polyethylene pipes of IPA as per GOST 22689.289.

Cast-iron sewer pipes F100 (GOST 694298) are laid under the garage ceiling to the well.

The exhaust part of the sewer riser is withdrawn 0.3 m from the flat roof.

1.10 Fire water supply

An automatic fire extinguishing system has been designed in the building. As a fire extinguishing agent, water is adopted, as the most economical for this object. Automatic fire extinguishing system is provided combined with fire extinguishing system from fire cranes.

The source of water supply is the city water supply F300 mm. Water supply of fire extinguishing system is performed by two inputs F150mm

The system is equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing pump station, which includes a group of pumps selected by design flow rate and pressure and a jockey pump, as well as a membrane tank (see separate design).

Fire flow rate of 2 jets of 2.5 l/s is provided for the building (SniP 2.04.0185 * Table 1), for the garage 2 jets of 5.0 l/s. Fire cranes are installed on the automatic fire extinguishing system (see separate design).

Energy saving

In order to save water, internal water supply systems provide for:

Saving of consumed power due to optimal selection and operation mode of pumping equipment;

Reduction of electric power consumption due to automatic electronic control of the number of revolutions of electric motors, when changing modes of domestic water consumption;

Installation of water-saving valves;

Hot water circulation via the main lines;

Insulation of hot water pipelines from heat losses.