Design of creation of automatic powder fire extinguishing system designed for fire safety in underground parking areas

General part

The working project (RP) was developed by LLC "" within the framework of contract N ________________.

This working design has been developed with the aim of creating an automatic powder fire extinguishing system (AUPPT) in underground parking areas.

Equipment, products and materials used in the developed system have fire safety certificates (according to the official list of the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation) and the necessary certificates of conformity (according to the official list of the State Standard of Russia).

RP is developed in accordance with the requirements of the following regulatory and technical documents:

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 87 of 16.02.08, together with a letter of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation N 19512CM/08 of 08.08.08;

GOST 12.1.03081 Electrical safety. Protective grounding. Zeroing

GOST 12.2.007.075 Electrical products. General Safety Requirements

GOST 12.2.01387 Safety Requirements for Design and Operation of Electrically Driven Machines

GOST 12.3.04691 Automatic fire extinguishing plants. General Technical Requirements

GOST 1515069 Versions for various climatic areas. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of environmental climatic factors

GOST 21.10197 Design documentation system for construction. Basic Requirements for Design and Detailed Design Documentation

GOST 21.11095 Design documentation system for construction. Rules for Execution of Equipment, Products and Materials Specification

GOST 21.60380 Design documentation system for construction. Communication and signaling. Working drawings

GOST R 5109197 Powder fire extinguishing plants are automatic. Types and basic parameters

NPB 7098 Thermal fire detectors. Fire safety specifications. Test methods

NPB 882001 * Fire fighting and alarm units. Design Codes and Regulations

NPB 10403 Design of fire warning systems for people in buildings and structures

NPB 10503 Definition of categories of rooms and buildings by explosion and fire hazard

NPB 11003 Fire safety standards. List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing units and automatic fire alarm

RD 25.95390 Automatic fire extinguishing, fire, security and fire alarm systems. Symbols and Schematic Link Graphics

RD 25.96490 Maintenance and Repair System for Automatic Fire Extinguishing, Smoke Removal, Security, Fire and Fire Alarm Units, Organization and Procedure of Works

RD 78.36.00299 Technical means of facilities safety systems. System Schematic Symbols

RD 78.14593 Systems and complexes of security, fire and fire alarm. Work Rules

SNiP 3.05.0685 Electrical devices

Construction Norms and Regulations 11.0195 Instruction about an order of development, coordination, a statement and structure of the project documentation on construction of the enterprises and constructions

SNiP 21.0197 Fire safety of buildings and structures

SNiP II480 * Safety in construction

PTB Safety Rules for Operation of Electrical Installations of Consumers

PUE Electrical Installation Rules. Prod.7.

Key Technical Solutions

Taking into account the characteristics of the protected rooms and the materials stored in them, automatic heat detectors IP 1035/1 -A3 are adopted for detecting fire in the fire extinguishing zones.

Specification of IP 1035/1 -A3

Electrical insulation resistance between the current-carrying parts of the detector and the housing, MOhm, not less than 20

Permissible reduced and increased temperature 50, + 50 ° С

Relative humidity at 35 ° C (no moisture condensation),%, 95

Current through closed contacts of detector, mA, not more than 30

DC voltage supplied to detector contacts, V, not more than 30

The powder fire extinguishing unit is designed on the basis of WFP modules (p) 2.5 (Buran2.5). Parking rooms are divided into 12 fire fighting zones.

The protected facility has a 100% supply of components, modules (non-rechargeable) and powder for replacement in the plant protecting the largest room or area. Stock must be stored in the warehouse of the protected object or service organization. It is allowed to have no stock in the enterprise if a service contract is concluded for the plant.

Powder fire extinguishing module "Buran2.5" is intended for localization and extinguishing of fires of solid combustible materials, combustible liquids and energized electrical equipment in industrial, warehouse, domestic and other rooms. WFP is the main component for the construction of modular automatic powder fire extinguishing units. WFP has a self-treatment function when the temperature reaches 85 ° C ± 5 ° C. WFP does not extinguish the ignition of alkali and alkaline earth metals and substances burning without air access.

Technical characteristics "Buran2.5":.

Quantity of fire-extinguishing powder of type ABC, kg, not more than 1.95 ± 0.05

The total weight of the refueled WFP, kg. 2,9 ± 0,1

Overall dimensions diameter/height 250 ± 5/140 ± 5

Fire extinguishing capacity of WFP at its installation height 3.0 ± 0.5 m

and the degree of leakage of the protected room 5%:

a) when extinguishing fires of class A:

- protected volume up to/protected area up to 18.0 m3/7.0 m2

b) at extinguishing of fires of class B:

protected volume up to/protected area up to 16.0 m3/7.0 m2

Maximum rank of fire source of class B 34V

Self-start temperature threshold, C ° 85 ± 5

Starting current, A, not less than 100

Duration of electric pulse, sec., not less than 0.1

Safe test current of electrical starting circuits, mA, not more than 20

Actuation time in electric start mode, sec., not more than 2

Validity time, sec., not more than 0.5

Temperature operating conditions, C ° -50 to + 50

Powder sputtering coefficient K, (NPB 882001 *) 1

Factor that takes into account the degree of leakage of the room at

fire extinguishing calculations by area K4 (NPB 882001 *)

A factor that takes into account the degree of leakage of the room when calculating the fire extinguishing system by area K4 (NPB 882001 *).

Monitoring and control of the system is carried out using acceptance and control firefighters and control devices (PPKPU) "URSCP (bp)" manufactured by LLC "NPO ETERNIS." PPKPU are installed in the duty room on the 1st floor of the building .

The devices are supplied from uninterrupted power supply unit BBP30. The power supply has built-in batteries.

Information interaction between system elements is performed via cable communication lines.

Indication and algorithm of system operation

An automatic fire extinguishing system has been created in the facility RP, which is designed to function in the following modes:

standby mode (system functional elements technical condition monitoring mode);

alarm mode ("Fire" mode);

malfunction mode (restricted operation mode).

During operation, the system operates in standby mode. In case of detection of fires in RP, they are recorded using fire detectors used in the system. In this case, the system switches from the standby operation mode to the alarm mode ("Fire" mode).

The technical condition of the corresponding fire detector also changes when a malfunction of any functional element or cable communication line occurs in it. In this case, the system switches from the standby operation mode to the "Fault" mode.

Automatic start

When two detectors operate in one SB ("Alarm" mode), the LED of the corresponding direction is lit synchronously with the LED "WARNING/ALARM." The device performs synchronous switching of contact groups of external annunciators in intermittent mode and sets the corresponding parameters at the output (terminals 3, 4) (see connection diagram). "Alarm" mode is fixed. In ~ 30 sec. After actuation of the second PI, the device outputs a signal to start the extinguishing means of the corresponding direction - the launch line (LP). When setting to "Alarm" mode, the device switches over Relay 2, and in 15 seconds. After the signal for actuation of extinguishing devices of the corresponding LP - Relay 1 is output. In case of subsequent actuation of other (other) SH, Relay 1 returns to initial state 15 seconds before the corresponding signals for start-up and 15 seconds after start-up again turns on the smoke removal system.

Manual start.

In the mode of manual start of fire extinguishing equipment, not a single KID is connected yet, all LEDs "DIRECTION N 1... 4" are illuminated. After PID substitution of the corresponding direction, the LED "DIRECTION N..." In ~ 30 sec. After PID substitution of the required direction, the device outputs a signal to start the extinguishing means of the corresponding LP. relay switching and start-up blocking are carried out in the same way as automatic start-up mode.

"START HAS PASSED."

Indication - "NORMAL/START PASSED" and "DIRECTION N" LEDs flash in antiphase....

"FAULT" mode.

The device outputs periodic sound and light signals - one sound signal and one flash of the LED of the corresponding direction. If the "DIRECTION N..." LED does not flash, then the fault is of a general nature (detector failure, door closing control line or communication line).

In automatic mode, upon receipt of signal about actuation of two detectors of one loop, it sets to "Fire" mode and provides output of signal to:

actuation of "POWDER! GO AWAY! ";

"FIRE" indication on the front panel of the cabinet.

After 30 seconds the following signals are output:

actuation of "POWDER! DO NOT ENTER! ";

actuation of starter circuits.

disconnection of ventilation system;

In manual mode, the system is controlled as follows:

in case of visual detection of fire it is necessary to leave the room through the outlet, make sure that there are no other people in the rooms, close the doors and press "START" button on the remote start panel.

Installation Requirements

Loops of the alarm system are carried out by a cable with copper veins KPSEngFRLS 1х2х0.5, lines of the light-sound notification - KPSEng-FRLS 1х2х0.5, the line of food - VVGng-FRLS 3x1.5. Communication lines, alerts, alarm loops are laid in PVC pipes or small-format electrical cables.

In case of parallel laying, the distance between SB cables, start-up, communication and warning lines and power and lighting cables shall be not less than 0.5 m.

Mains power supply of fire extinguishing equipment for ~ 220V is provided by flexible WBGngFRLS 3x1.5 wire laid on walls in boxes at a distance from communication and warning lines of at least 0.25 m.

Removal and disposal of fire extinguishing powders

The following procedure is recommended for room retraction after actuation of powder fire extinguishing modules:

- the bulk of the powder from the floor, building structures and other objects is removed by dry cleaning (sweeping with a brush, shaking, etc.). The remaining powder is removed by means of a vacuum cleaner (preferably with a water filter):

- from flat and smooth surfaces - in suction mode;

- in difficult places of complex structures (electronics units, etc.) - in blowdown mode. At the final stage, wet cleaning (slightly wet rags) can be used, except for energized equipment and electronic devices. Methods of disposal of fire extinguishing powders are described in the Instructions "Disposal and Regeneration of Fire Extinguishing Powders," Moscow, VNIIPO, 1988g, 25 pages

Power supply and earthing

The system hardware, in accordance with PUE requirements, belong to the group of the 1st category of electric receivers in terms of power supply reliability, due to which their power supply is carried out from an alternating current source with a voltage of 220V/380V after ALT, which provides automatic switching in emergency mode to backup power supply .

The main power supply of the equipment is provided from a 220V AC source. In emergency mode, automatic switching of power supply to backup power supply from the battery is provided.

In this case, the power supply network must meet the following conditions:

• AC oscillations shall not exceed + 10 %/15%;

• frequency deviation shall not exceed 1%.

Switching of equipment to operation from standby power supply source and back is performed automatically without "Alarm" signal.

To ensure the safety of people, elements of the electrical equipment of the system must meet the requirements of GOST 12.2.007.075 * for the method of protecting a person from electric shock.

All metal parts of electrical equipment that are not normally energized, but which may be under it, due to failure of insulation, are subject to grounding (earthing). The potentials must be balanced. Use 1x4.0 IWG cable for equipment grounding.

Protective grounding (grounding) must be performed in accordance with the requirements of PUE, SNiP 3.05.0685, GOST 12.1.03081 and technical documentation of manufacturers of components.

Installation Requirements

During electrical installation and laying of wires and cables, observe the requirements of PUE, SNiP 3.05.0685 and RD 78.14593.

Cable connections are laid in accordance with PUE and RD 78.14593.

You can select cable routing by the shortest distance, but taking into account the location of lighting, radio broadcasting networks, and other communication lines.

All CS wires and cables are laid in cable channels made of corrugated pipes and electrical wiring boxes made of non-combustible polymeric materials preventing the possibility of fire from short circuit and flame propagation through cable, pipe or conduit.

In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 3.20 of SNiP 3.05.0685, the places of laying and the method of installation of cable ducts should not allow accumulation of moisture in them.

In accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 3.22 and 3.103 of SNiP 3.05.0685, all CS wires and cables shall be marked in accordance with the designations adopted in the PD. To carry out marking of wires and KS cables according to requirements of Construction Norms and Regulations Paragraphs 3.104÷3.106 3.05.0685.

Disconnect CS wires and cables through junction boxes.

In case of parallel laying of wires and cables of combustion chamber and electrical wiring of power supply and lighting, the distance between them must be at least:

0.25 m to single power and lighting wires;

0.5 m to power supply and lighting connecting lines with power cables.