Construction technology, zero cycle

Contents

Introduction

1. Determination of soil mass volumes in the pit

2. Quantity takeoff

2.1. Calculation of excavation volumes during excavation in the pit

2.2. Calculation of piling quantities

2.3. Calculation of scope of works for pile pile concreting

2.4. Calculation of scope of works for installation and removal of formwork

2.5. Calculation of Scope of Works for Pile Block Reinforcement

3. Selection of sets of machines for excavation in the pit

3.1. Selection of excavator

3.2. Selection of the auto dump truck

3.3. Selection of lifting mechanisms

3.4. Kopra installation selection

4. Safety precautions

Introduction

Construction is one of the main areas of human production. As a result of construction production, finished construction products are created - buildings or structures for various purposes. The variety of structures of buildings and structures gives rise to the need to develop and apply a wide range of construction technologies. The leading element of any construction technology is the construction process.

Earthworks are carried out during the construction of any building or structure and constitute a significant part of their cost and labor intensity. Earth structures are created by forming excavations in the soil or erecting embankments from it. In industrial and civil construction, earthworks are carried out during the construction of trenches and pits. The execution of such volumes of work is possible only with the use of high-performance machines.

The task of calculation - graphic work - calculation of zero-cycle works volumes, calculation of piling works volumes, determination of concrete volumes, selection of sets of machines for excavation of soil in the pit (excavator, dump truck, crane), preparation of the work labour intensity list, preparation of the Job Instruction for zero-cycle.

The theme of my through project is "Nine-story residential building in Astrakhan." The city is located in the third climatic zone, in the area of ​ ​ a sharp continental climate. The soil is medium loam, y = 1200 kg/m3, soil group-1 (ay).

Absolutely minimum temperature in winter 32C,

Absolutely maximum temperature in summer + 41C,

average maximum temperature of the coldest period -8С,

average maximum temperature of the hottest month + 30.9C.

The structural scheme of the building is adopted with longitudinal and transverse bearing walls, which together with the floors form a spatial system that receives vertical and horizontal loads and provides the rigidity of the building as a whole.

For the designed residential building, the most effective is a pile foundation with a monolithic pedestal. Accepted: pile reinforced concrete with a section of 300x300 mm, 6 m long. Rostverk has dimensions of 600x1400 mm.

The building has a basement. Horizontal waterproofing of groves from cement-dried mortar with sealing additives of 30mm thickness. In addition, the foundation and other underground parts of the building are made on special cements. To protect underground parts of the building from surface water around the building, land is planned with a slope from the building and pavements of waterproof material (asphalt) are arranged along the external walls.

The walls of the basement on the outside, touching the ground, are isolated by coating with bitumen in two times.

Floors - monolithic slabs. Made of heavy concrete, compression strength, B25. Longitudinal reinforcement of A400 class steel, transverse reinforcement and prefabricated grids of BpI class steel.

The use of monolithic floor slabs and the use of monolithic building construction technology is due to the fact that the design has complex wall outlines and the use of prefabricated panels and slabs is not possible.

The basement walls are made of monolithic reinforced concrete.

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