Construction of four-storey residential buildings with 3-room apartments - Organization of production at enterprises in the construction industry - exchange rate

Contents

1. Brief description of the construction area

2. Brief description of the construction site

3. Definition of standard duration of construction

4.Technology and organization of construction and installation works

4.1 Preparatory period

4.2 Methods of construction and installation works

4.3 Selection of installation crane

4.4 Winterization

5. Network Calculation

5.1 Table "BoQ"

5.2 Table "Work Labour and Machine Capacity List"

5.3 Table "Work Master Record"

6.Define requirements for logistics and manpower

6.1 Determination of Labour Requirements

6.2 Determining the Need for Temporary Buildings and Structures

6.3 Determination of storage areas

6.4 Calculation of temporary power supply

6.5 Calculation of temporary water supply

7. Occupational Safety and Safety Instructions

8. Fire-fighting measures

9. Protection of the environment

10. Technical and economic indicators

List of literature

Brief description of the construction area

In this course project, the construction of four three-story residential buildings with 3-room apartments is considered.

The site allocated for construction has an area of ​ ​ 1130 m2, located on a site free from development in Irkutsk.

The construction district of Irkutsk belongs to the I climatic district and the IB subdistrict. The construction site is free of buildings.

The area by weight of snow cover is second .

The snow load is 0.7 KPaThe wind load area is the second. Wind load is 0.3 KPa

2. Brief description of the construction site

♦ Foundation - tape.

♦ Slabs - precast reinforced concrete

♦ The walls are brick .

♦ Roof - from asbestos cement sheets.

♦ Windows - individual.

♦ External doors - individual.

Interior decoration:

♦ Floors - linoleum

♦ Walls - plaster, painting.

♦ Ceilings - plaster, water emulsion paint.

Transformer substation is provided for maintenance of construction site. The construction site is supplied with water from existing sources.

3. Determination of construction duration.

On the basis of SNiP 1040385 (2 part), the construction of a brick three-story building, with an area of ​ ​ about 282 m2, is 5.5 months, including the preparatory period - 0.5 months.

Standard construction period = duration * 1.1 * 1.2, where

1,1 - seismicity coefficient;

1,2 - district coefficient.

Standard construction period = 5.5 * 1.1 * 1.2 = 7.26 months.

The actual duration of construction on the network schedule was 4 months and 24 days.

4.Technology and organization of construction and installation works

4.1. Preparatory period of construction

According to SNiP 12042002, for the normal development of construction in the preparatory period, the following works must be carried out:

- demolition of existing buildings;

- clearance of the construction area from garbage;

- geodetic layout and vertical layout of the construction area with drainage system;

- creation of a breakdown basis and carrying out of the breakdown works during construction (performed by the contracting construction organization);

- temporary fencing, heat, electricity and water supply, telephony and lighting of the construction site;

- delivery and placement on the territory of the construction site of auxiliary buildings and structures;

- creation of storage facilities (arrangement of storage places for materials and structures);

- construction of entrances and driveways on the territory of the construction site using existing ones;

- provision of the construction site with fire-fighting tools and equipment.

According to SNiP 12032001, the completion of preparatory work is accepted according to the act on the implementation of labor safety measures.

Temporary driveways and storage areas

Temporary driveways are arranged on the territory of the fenced construction site to ensure the movement of construction equipment and vehicles.

To store the necessary stock of building materials and products, storage areas along the temporary technological road are built on construction sites.

Temporary roads and sites for temporary buildings are made in accordance with the construction plan with a 150 mm thick crushed stone coating.

Roads with gravel pavement are made in the following sequence: break the temporary road route; arranging an earthwork and drainage ditches; sand base is filled with thickness 150... 200 mm; crushed stone coating of fraction 20... 80 mm thickness 200 mm is arranged with subsequent compaction by road rollers.

The acquired warehouse for the storage of construction materials of the preparatory period is organized in the form of open areas. The base for the sites is planned soil with leveling of individual irregularities with crushed stone. The sites are arranged with a slope of not more than 5 degrees, to provide water flow.

Loading and unloading works

Loading and unloading operations include unloading and storage of materials, products, structural elements, as well as loading of materials from disassembly onto vehicles for removal from the construction site. Loading and unloading works should be carried out under the supervision of the ITR appointed by the order, responsible for the safe operation of cranes. The assignment order must be at the site.

When using the crane during loading and unloading operations, the work should be organized in accordance with standard process charts, labor process charts.

Perform loading and unloading operations in strict accordance with job descriptions and regulatory requirements.

Rafters shall be provided with a list of load handling devices and slinging diagrams of cargo coming for unloading (loading).

Operation and maintenance of cranes is performed by the operator of the crane of the 6th category. During operation, the requirements set forth in the crane certificate, its operating manual, as well as in PB 1038200 "Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Lifting Cranes" of the Gosgortekhnadzor of the Russian Federation must be complied with.

Geodetic works

Geodetic work performed at the construction site in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.01.0384 "Geodetic work in construction."

Qualified specialists, necessary instruments and equipment are used to carry out geodetic works and timely control over the building construction process. Measuring instruments (theodolites, levelers, roulettes) shall be necessary for performance of accuracy works and certified according to the established procedure.

The geodetic basis points shall be fixed with permanent and temporary signs.

Permanent signs shall be laid for the entire period of construction and installation works in the form of concealed pipes with an upper metal plate buried in the soil (Appendix 9 to SNiP 3.01.0384). Temporary - according to the stages of work (earthworks, construction of foundations, construction of underground and above-ground parts of buildings).

4.2. Methods of construction and installation works

The General Contractor shall start construction works if there is an approved Work Execution Project (PDP) performed on the basis of SNiP 12012004.

Earthworks are carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.02.0187 "Earthworks, foundations and foundations" after vertical planning of the territory. Soil development is provided for by an excavator with loading of excavated soil into vehicles. Excavated soil is used for backfilling. Soil rework to design elevations is performed manually. Prior to the start of earthworks it is necessary to provide for water disposal and, if necessary, water reduction.

The development of soil in the immediate vicinity of existing underground communications is allowed only with the help of shovels, without the use of impact tools. In the event of the detection of unspecified communications, underground structures or explosive materials in the process of earthworks, the earthworks shall be suspended pending the approval of the relevant authorities.

The foundations adopted in this project shall be implemented after completion of the surface layout.

Cast-in-situ concrete and reinforced concrete structures are performed in accordance with SNiP 3.03.0187, section 2 "Concrete works." Concrete mixture is delivered to the construction site by road. During concreting, surface and depth vibrators are used to compress the concrete mixture. When installing monolithic structures, it is recommended to use a prefabricated inventory panel formwork .

Brickwork:

The walls of the building must meet the requirements of strength, heat protection, sound insulation, frost resistance. To ensure these requirements, the fulfillment of which is the main criterion in assessing the quality of stone work, constant monitoring of the work is necessary. For high-quality construction of stone structures, the work should be carried out strictly in accordance with the requirements of working drawings: brick grades, mortar grades for masonry, brick grades for frost resistance, reinforcement classes and grades, strip and shaped steel in reinforced masonry, insulation grades.

Before the start of masonry works, it is necessary to carry out acceptance of materials in strict accordance with the requirements of GOST for clay and silicate bricks.

The quality of materials for stone works during erection of structures, the design bearing capacity of which is used by 80% or more, should be controlled independently of these factory passports and the test results are recorded in a special log. When transporting wall materials and mortars, it is prohibited to:

- transportation of brick in bulk;

- unloading of bricks from vehicles by dumping;

- Transportation of solution mixtures in ordinary bodies of on-board vehicles;

- discharge of solution mixtures directly to the ground. Each portion of freshly prepared mortar delivered from the solution unit to the construction site shall be accompanied by a certificate indicating the type, grade and mobility of the mortar, the date and hour of its manufacture, the type and grade of cement used.

The solution strength, mobility and homogeneity of the mixture shall be monitored by the construction laboratory daily.

The brick wall dressing system shall be multi-row or single-row (chain).

Stamens in masonry must be made of whole bricks.

Regardless of the dressing system, stacking is mandatory in the following cases:

- in the lower (first) and upper (last) rows of constructed structures;

- at the level of wall trimmings;

- on protruding rows of masonry (cornices, belts, etc.);

- above supporting parts of beams, runs, slabs.

Horizontal and transverse vertical seams of the brickwork of the walls, as well as seams in the lintels of the spacers, must be filled with mortar.

Brick reinforced masonry shall be performed in accordance with the following rules:

- thickness of joints in masonry must exceed the sum of diameters of laid

reinforcement of intersecting reinforcement by 4 mm with observance of average

Weld thickness for this masonry

- reinforcement grids are laid so that separate (control) ends

rods protruded by 2-3 mm on one of the internal surfaces of the wall;

- lay grids according to the project, but not less than five rows of masonry;

- wire diameter of grids for lateral reinforcement of masonry must be

not less than 2.5 mm and not more than 8 mm; if the wire diameter is more than 5 mm, follow

use a "zigzag" mesh with a diameter of 5 mm Bp1;

- during longitudinal reinforcement the rods shall be welded along the length

each other - or end with hooks and bind with wire

overlapping the rods by 20 diameters.

When laying walls, check the horizontality and verticality of the rows, the correct dressing of the welds. At the end of the floor masonry, mandatory geodetic control of the horizontal and elevation of the top of the masonry is required.

To perform construction and installation works during the erection of the above-ground part of the building, it is planned to use a KS5575 crane, a Schwing type car concrete pump to supply concrete mixture. Crane parking is indicated on the construction plan. The cranes in operation shall be provided with a plate indicating the registration number, the carrying capacity of the passport and the date of the next and complete inspection. Operation of cranes is performed only in case of PPM.

Restrictions on the operation of the autocrane are provided using a coordinate protection system with the installation of warning and prohibition signs according to RD11062007.

When the valve operates, the operation of the vehicle concrete pump is prohibited. During operation of the aircraft concrete pump, the valve operation is prohibited.

Installation of external networks of water supply, sewerage and heat networks is carried out by specialized installation organizations in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.05.0485 * "External networks and structures of water supply and sewerage," SNiP 2.04.0284 * "Water supply. External networks and structures, "SNiP 2.04.0385" Sewerage. External Networks and Structures, "SNiP 3.05.0385" Thermal Networks, "SNiP 41022003" Thermal Networks. " The basis for erection works is the Job Instructions and Work Execution Project (WP) developed and approved by the specialized erection organization.

Construction and installation work on the power supply device is carried out by a specialized installation organization in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.05.0685 "Electrical devices" and PUE2002. The basis for the work is the Work Execution Project (SPP), developed and approved by a specialized installation organization.

Perform loading and unloading operations in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.3.00976 * "Loading and unloading operations. General safety requirements. "

After completion of construction, construction debris should be removed on the territory, unnecessary excavations and embankments should be eliminated and improvement should be carried out. Landscaping is carried out according to the general plan. Landscaping of the territory free from development, passages and sites is carried out by sowing grasses on lawns, planting trees and shrubs.

The collection of industrial waste, construction and household garbage during the construction period is provided in strictly designated places specified by the contractor during the development of the PDP. Removal is carried out by vehicles as they accumulate to waste disposal sites in coordination with local authorities.