Construction of a station square in Khabarovsk. Multi-storey parking - ASG diploma project

Contents

Introduction

1. ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION PART

1.1 Characteristics of the construction area and site

1.2 Master Plan Solution

1.3 Space-planning solution of the building

1.4 Structural solution of the building

1.5 Building Requirements

1.6 Solutions for water supply, sewerage, heating, ventilation and air conditioning

1.7 Heat Engineering Calculation of External Fence

2. RESEARCH PART

2.1 Search Help

2.2 Information Analysis

2.3 Patent Technical Solutions

2.4 Conclusions from the results of the study

3. DESIGN AND STRUCTURAL PART

3.1 Load collection

3.2 Calculation of structural frame diagram of the building

3.3 Calculation Analysis

3.4 Comparison and Choice of Options

4. ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PART

4.1 Work Schedule

4.2 Construction plan

5. ECONOMIC PART

5.1 Estimated documentation

5.2 Technical and economic indicators of the project

6. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY

6.1 Analysis of hazardous and harmful production factors

6.2 Measures to ensure safe working conditions

6.3 Calculation of air exchange (mechanical ventilation)

7. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

7.1 Environmental assessment of the construction site

7.2 Sources and types of man-made environmental impacts

7.3 Forecast of changes in the natural environment under the influence of man-made factors

7.4 Measures to protect territories from hazardous natural and technological processes

Conclusion

List of literature

Appendix A

Appendix B

1 architectural - building part

This section of the work shows the main natural and climatic characteristics of the construction site - Khabarovsk, presents the general characteristics, volumetric planning, structural solutions, as well as other requirements for the facility. Heat engineering calculation of the external fence was carried out.

1.2 Master Plan Solution

The design site is located in the Zheleznodorozhny district of Khabarovsk along Leningradskaya Street. The territory allocated for construction borders from the northeast with a station area. On the north side, the site adjoins the street. Leningradskaya, suppressed with forecourt, from the south there is an existing five-story residential development with built-in public service enterprises. On the western side is a four-story residential building with courtyard landscaped areas inside.

The relief of the site is calm, the difference in absolute elevations is 1.5 m.

Buildings available on the construction site, single-storey trade pavilions made of light building structures are to be demolished before construction begins. Existing shrub vegetation should be reduced in the preparatory period.

The complex of designed structures includes: a multi-storey parking lot building for temporary storage of station visitors' cars, and a shopping center, with five above-ground and two underground floors for 286 cars; water supply, sewerage, power supply and communication networks; pedestrian sidewalks, driveways and an open area for 32 parking spaces for temporary parking in front of the building.

The general layout plan of the facility is implemented in compliance with:

- regulatory fire safety standards according to SNiP 2.07.0189 * "Planning and development of urban and rural settlements."

1.3 Volumetric - planning solution

The designed building of a multi-storey parking lot - not heated - frame seven-storey, two underground and five ground floors. The first floor is occupied by a shopping center. With plan dimensions of 43.1x36.1 m.

Entry to the floors is provided by an attached two - strip ramp, single-arch ramp lifting height. The radius of the outer wall of the ramp is 11 m, the inner 3.32 m. The height of the floor is 2.8 m. The underground part of the parking lot is designed for 96 cars, the ground - for 190.

Technical and office premises are located in the volume of the entrance ramp and in the junction of the ramp to the parking lot.

The parking area on the floors is separated from the ramp by fire gates with automatic closing in case of fire. The first floor - without wall fences of the park area. two dispersed evacuation staircases are provided. Smoke removal in staircases is provided by opening openings in stained glass glazing.

Building of multi-storey parking lot - frame - monolithic, external walls - mounted from aluminium composite panels (AKP) on a metal frame, inside - covering with profiled sheet (SM) GOST 2404594 S10-1000-0.6. The ramp is arceless, with load-bearing brick walls, lined with aluminum composite panels along a metal frame. Basement - lining with gray ceramic granite.

1.4 Constructive solution

1.4.1 Structural solution of the main frame of the building.

Slabs and coating cast-in-situ reinforced concrete slabs 150 mm thick, resting on the capitals of monolithic reinforced concrete columns with a section of 400 x 400 mm.

Foundations - stand-alone monolithic reinforced concrete for each column of concrete frame of class B30.

Walls below elevation 0.000 monolithic reinforced concrete 280 mm thick. Above 0.000 - mounted metal panels and metal mesh painted with colored enamel paint.

Stairs in axes 5-6 and B-B are two-march, in axes 1112 and L-K are three-march, made of prefabricated reinforced concrete stages along metal roe deer made of metal rolled. Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete slabs 120 mm thick.

Walls of staircases and partitions - brick with reinforcement 120 mm thick.

Waterproofing of the external walls below the elevation of 0.00 "HydroText U."

Thermal insulation of external walls - mineral wool slabs (to prevent ground freezing through external walls from underground parking rooms). External heat insulation of walls of technical rooms is made of mineral wool slabs with thickness of 200 mm.

Reinforced concrete floors 50 mm thick with TERRACO coating (primer - mixture of TERRAMICS and DAIMONTCOAT).

Floor at elevation 5.600: cast-in-situ reinforced concrete slab 200 mm thick for preparation from crushed stone, extruded polystyrene foam, sand and gravel mixture with TERRACO coating.

The roof is flat, aligned, unvented. Internal drainage from steel pipes.

Roof from profiled flooring of H577500.8.

Along the entire perimeter of the building, a wall drain is made of perforated pipes with a diameter of 200 mm with water diversion to the storm sewer.

1.4.2 Structural solution of entry ramp.

The foundations are tape, monolithic reinforced concrete.

The wall of an external circle is lower than mark 0.000 reinforced concrete 400 mm thick. The wall of the outer circle above the elevation of 0.000 is brick.

The wall of the inner circle is 380 mm thick brick.

Partitions - brick 120 mm thick with reinforcement.

The walls of the premises, pump room and security are insulated with basalt fiber plates of the BAZALIT PT 150 brand with a thickness of 50 and 100 mm.

Waterproofing of the external walls below the elevation of 0.000 "HydroText U."

The floor of the ramp monolithic reinforced concrete slab with a thickness of 220 mm is located along the slope. Reinforced concrete barriers 100 mm high and 300 mm wide dividing lane are provided on both sides of the ramp.

Paving slabs and slabs above the security rooms and pump house are cast-in-situ reinforced concrete.

Monolithic reinforced concrete lintels. At elevation 0.000, the opening of the passage is framed by a 2-flight reinforced concrete ramp.

Insulation of the floor above the security rooms and pump house with Bazalit PT150 grade plates 150 mm thick.

Waterproofing of the exterior walls below Cetco's 0.000 Bentomat mat.

Acrylic ramp floors: primer mixture of teramix with Dimontcoat and 2 layers of Dimontcoat.

The roof is flat combined unvented, reinforced concrete slab 200 mm thick.

Internal and steel pipe drainage.

The roof is two layers of Uniflex.

1.5 Building Requirements

Fire protection requirements. The fire resistance of the building is determined by the fire resistance of its building structures. The structural fire hazard class of the building is determined by the degree of participation of building structures in the development of the fire and the formation of its dangerous factors. The functional hazard class of the building and its parts is determined by their meaning and peculiarities of the technological processes placed in them.

Requirements of SNiP 21-01-97/5/:

In the basement and basement floors it is not allowed to place rooms in which combustible gases and liquids, as well as flammable materials, are used or stored.

Evacuation routes should ensure the safe evacuation of all people in the building premises through evacuation exits.

Doors on escape routes shall open in the direction of exit from the building.

The width of the flight of stairs intended for the evacuation of people, including those located in the stairwell, should be at least 1.05 m.

In addition to architectural and planning measures, the following are provided to ensure smoke-free premises:

- thorough closure of all partitions adjoins to external walls and to each other;

- grouting of holes in floors and walls after installation of all vertical and horizontal connections.

Sanitary and hygienic requirements. In accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.08.0189 * the following solutions are applied in the designed building:

The height of the rooms from floor to ceiling is 2.8 m.

Ventilation of rooms is provided by the presence of windows and ventilation system .

Staircases are illuminated through openings in the outer walls of each floor.

Standards of permissible noise levels are accepted according to the requirements of/6/.

The exterior wall design provides sufficient soundproofing.

Environmental protection requirements. The building does not carry out harmful environmental impacts. Waste water from the building is drained by gravity to the existing sewage system. In order to reduce the ingress of atmospheric waters into the soil of the base, the project provides for the following: the removal of rain and meltwater, from the outlets of the internal drain along special asphalt concrete (reinforced concrete) trays laid through the green zone on asphalt passages, along which water is drained into the general storm system.

The greatest source of noise is the road. Due to the tightness of the territory, it is impossible to arrange protective screens. Therefore, a triple glazing has been designed in the building, which will provide the required noise reduction.

1.6 Water Supply, Sewerage, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Solution

The building is equipped with cold and hot water supply systems, sewerage, ventilation, drains, power supply, telephone communication. The first floor is equipped with a central heating system, in general the building is not heated.

1.6.1 Heating. According to SNiP 2.04.0591 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning "/8/two-pipe dead end heating system with lower wiring is adopted. Heating devices - aluminum radiators.

1.6.2 Ventilation. The building is designed plenum - exhaust ventilation with mechanical and natural motive, cleaning and heating of the outside air. Plenum ventilation is located in the basement. Exhaust veins. The cells are located in the basement. Noise suppression is carried out due to flexible inserts at fans, vibration bases, sound insulation and air ducts and ventilation chambers.

1.6.3 Cold water supply. The building has designed a single internal ring system of drinking and fire-fighting water supply in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0185/7/. Cold water supply is provided from the designed water pipeline with a diameter of 300 mm. At the entrance to the building, a water metering unit with a water flow meter with a diameter of 50 mm is installed. Counters are installed on horizontal lines. The guarantee head at the input is 30 meters. Fire extinguishing of the building is carried out from fire hydrants.

1.6.4 Hot water supply. The hot water supply system is dead end, open from the control unit according to the specification and SNiP 2.04.0185/7/.

Hot water supply is provided from water heaters installed in heat units. Devices are mounted from metal-plastic pipes of "metapol" type with a diameter of 15 mm.

1.6.5 Drainage of drains from the designed building is carried out in seven outlets with a diameter of 100 mm. To remove accidental water from the basement, pits are provided with the installation of pumps in them for pumping into the storm sewer. Discharge of water from the heating system to the domestic sewerage system in the basement through the sinks in the control units.

1.6.6 Electrical equipment. Electrical equipment in the building is accepted as working, evacuation and repair. Power supply of the building is provided by cable lines from TP. The inlet distribution device is installed in the electric board. Power metering meters are installed in the boards.

1.6.7 Communication and signaling. The project provides for the construction of telephony, radialization, dispatching networks. Vertical laying of communication device networks is performed in vertical channel. In the staircases of the building, wires and cables of low-current devices are laid hidden in a low-current channel. To protect the radio racks from atmospheric discharges, a lightning relief device is provided.