240-seat kindergarten in Khanty-Mansiysk

Contents

1. Architectural and construction section

1.1. Source Data

1.2. Space Planning Solution

1.3. Constructive solution

1.4. Engineering equipment

1.5. Heat Engineering Calculation

1.5.1. Heat Engineering Calculation of Wall Panel Design

1.5.2. Thermal calculation of attic floor

1.6. Technical and economic indicators

1.7. Specification of Opening Infill Features

2. Design section

2.1. Calculation of Interstage Floor

2.1.1. Collection of load on the girder

2.1.2. Determining Cross-Section Forces

2.1.3. Selection of beam section from rolling I-beam

2.1.4. Check accepted section

2.1.5. To Calculate a Reference Edge of a Column Join

2.2. Calculation of Attic Floor

2.2.1. Collection of load on the girder

2.2.2. Determining Cross-Section Forces

2.2.3. Selection of beam section from rolling I-beam

2.2.4. Check accepted section

2.2.5. To Calculate a Reference Edge of a Column Join

2.3. Column Calculation

2.3.1. Column Load Collection

2.3.2. Selection of column section from rolling I-beam

2.3.3. Check accepted section

2.3.4. Column Base Calculation

2.3.5. Constructing Beam Join to a Column

3. Section "Foundations and Foundations"

3.1. Hydrogeological conditions

3.2. Assessment of foundation soils

3.3. Determination of pile pile depth

3.4. Collection of loads acting on the foundation

3.5. Foundation slab calculation

4. Section "Construction Production Technology"

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Routing for foundation slab concreting

4.2.1. Characteristics of the construction site

4.2.2. Calculation of work quantities and calculation of labor costs

4.2.3. Selection of suitable formwork type

4.2.4. Selection of main machines and mechanisms

4.2.5. Calculation of tower crane technical parameters

4.2.6. Justification of technical decisions taken

4.2.7. Quality Control and Acceptance

4.2.8. Occupational safety and environmental safety measures

4.2.9. Technical and economic indicators of the project

4.3. Job Instruction for Installation of Building Metal Frame

4.3.1. Characteristics of the construction site

4.3.2. Calculation of work quantities and calculation of labor costs

4.3.3. Selection of main machines and mechanisms

4.3.4. Technology of building structures installation

4.3.5. Safety precautions during works

4.3.6. Quality Control

4.3.7. Technical and economic indicators

5. Economic section

5.1. Estimated part

5.2. Local estimate

5.3. Object estimate

5.4. Construction Summary Estimate

6. Construction Organization and Management Section

6.1. Schedule

6.2. Construction Master Plan

6.2.1. Need for sanitary facilities

6.2.2. Calculation of storage building areas

6.2.3. Rationale for Construction Plan Design

7. Section "Occupational Safety and Safety"

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Classification of harmful factors

7.3. Vibration

7.4. Dust content of air

7.5. Dust protection

7.6. Effects of toxic substances

7.7. Lighting

7.7.1. Calculation of site lighting

7.8. Noise

7.9. Environmental safety

8. List of used literature

Introduction.

This thesis is devoted to the most pressing problem facing the authorities of the city of Khanty-Mansiysk - the lack of places in preschool institutions.

Currently, in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk, due to the constant growth in the population, there is a shortage of places in preschool institutions, which negatively affects the younger generation, which grows without proper education. As a result of this, I propose a draft thesis, where the building of a kindergarten in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk is considered. In the western region of Samarovo, where the kindergarten will be located, an increase in the population is expected. Therefore, there is a particularly acute problem in the construction of kindergarten.

The new kindergarten building is designed to receive physical, intellectual, labour and aesthetic education of children in accordance with their age and individual characteristics.

In the kindergarten building there is:

- on the ground floor - rooms for 4 groups of nursery age;

- on the second and third floors - premises for 9 groups of preschool age.

Also in the building there is a sauna, a swimming pool, a sports hall.

Having a kindergarten will allow:

- Improve the quality of child-rearing;

- Create additional jobs;

- Provide comprehensive preparation of children for school life;

- Improve the safety of children.

Schedule

Schedule - schedule of requirements for work personnel and material and technical resources. According to the calendar plan, the need for labor and material and technical resources, as well as the timing of deliveries of all types of equipment, are calculated in time. On the basis of the calendar plan, they monitor the progress of work and coordinate the work and the performers. The work dates calculated in the schedule are used as starting dates in more detailed planning documents.

The initial data for the scheduling is the estimates.

The schedule is made taking into account the work alignment. It does not take into account the work carried out during the preparatory period (road installation, laying of permanent communications)

Stroygenplan.

Stroygenplan (SGP) is the site master plan, which shows the arrangement of the main installation and lifting mechanisms, temporary buildings, structures and installations built and used during the construction period.

SGP is designed to determine the composition and location of construction facilities in order to maximize the efficiency of their use and taking into account compliance with labor protection requirements. SGP is an important component of technical documentation and the main document regulating the organization of the site and the scope of temporary construction .

The construction plan of the construction site (site-wide construction plan) is developed for the construction period, when the maximum number of workers per shift is involved and is designed to provide the entire complex of construction and installation work for the construction of the building.

Before the construction, organizational and technical measures should be carried out, which include:

- organization of supply of materials, structures, equipment, etc.

- solution of issues of construction construction with electricity, water, communication, semi-finished products;

- transportation of workers and ensuring their normal residence.

Construction and installation work at the facility is usually carried out in two shifts. The working shift duration is 8 hours. Working endowing - 5 days.

Within the area allocated for construction, on-site preparatory works should be carried out, which include:

- removal of utilities caught on the building site;

- creation of geodetic basis for construction;

- construction of temporary on-site road;

- construction of the planned entrance to the territory

(installation of the gate according to the project, construction of the entrance ground, temporary entrance cover);

- construction according to the temporary scheme of the access road to the facility under construction;

- organization of acquired warehouses, intermediate warehouses;

- equipment of a temporary domestic camp;

- construction of temporary utilities: electric line, water supply, communications;

- building site fencing.

The main construction period is:

- building foundation slab arrangement;

- erection of the above-ground part of the building, construction of external walls, filling of openings, roofing arrangement;

- special and finishing internal works;

- exterior decoration of facades, landscaping and landscaping of the territory.

During the period of internal special and finishing work, it is customary to perform heating of the premises with electro or heat calorifers.

The construction plan shows

• permanent designed and temporary buildings, structures, roads, utilities and networks, site-wide and acquired warehouses (including process equipment warehouses), traffic routes, working and hazardous areas of the main installation cranes, site fencing, reference dimensions of temporary facilities.

• conventions of those objects indicated on the construction plan; they should clearly identify permanent designed buildings and structures (roads, communications, etc.), erected in the preparatory period and used for construction needs, buildings and structures built in the main period, as well as temporary objects and structures.

• lighting fixtures for road lighting (through 4050 m) and searchlight installations (through 150200 m).

• .explication of permanent and temporary buildings and structures .

The master plan (general plan) of the building under construction forms the basis for development of a stroygenplan. It is carried out on the same scale as the general plan, it provides an explication of permanent and temporary buildings.

Basic design rules for construction plans:

1) Decisions taken at the construction plan should be linked to the general plan, with all sections of the PIC (PPR). The accepted designations must comply with the current regulatory documents.

2) All construction plan facilities shall be rationally located on the site designated for construction. There should be a rational organization of cargo and human flows. Temporary buildings and installations are located on the territory not intended for development until the end of construction. Temporary construction should be minimal by using permanent buildings, roads and underground communications for this purpose. Prefabricated inventory mobile wagons and containers should be used for temporary buildings.

3) Warehouses of prefabricated structures and mass materials must be located at the places of their greatest consumption. Placement of cranes shall guarantee performance of all construction and installation works according to the accepted technology and compliance with construction schedules.

4) Acquired warehouses are located in crane areas and in non-mediocre proximity to roads. The construction site must be protected in order to avoid access by unauthorized persons. It is necessary to ensure safe and harmless work, compliance with sanitary and environmental standards. Fire safety, lighting of passageways, driveways and workplaces shall be guaranteed.

Additional recommendations for the design of construction plans:

- temporary buildings and storage rooms are arranged in this way,

To avoid mutual adverse health effects;

- temporary buildings, structures and installations are located on the construction site

site near permanent utility networks and transport communications;

- The choice of the location of the auxiliary facilities is linked to the minimum cost of temporary utility networks, temporary access roads and footpaths;

- open warehouses of structures, materials and equipment are located in

area of the installation crane; Stores of combustible and combustible materials shall be located at a distance of at least 20... 30 m from other facilities;

- office buildings, premises, wagons - pro-slave, control room, rest room, sanitary facilities are located closer to the entrance to the construction site;

- roads at the construction site are arranged with platforms for turning around and traveling cars;

- it is recommended to place permanent utility networks in a single collector (in special technical lanes), outside the roadway and not under crane tracks;

- temporary networks, especially those located on the ground or low above the ground, shall not be located within the route of permanent networks.

Structural Warehouse Design

Prefabricated structures are stored in stacks or cassettes.

The passages between the stacks are arranged with a width of 40 cm to 1 m and are placed through 20... 30 m in the transverse direction and at least through the 2 of the stacks in the longitudinal direction.

Passages 3... 4 m wide for the passage of vehicles and loading and unloading mechanisms are arranged at least after 100 m.

The width of the warehouses is taken so that all the elements are lifted from the warehouse without additional redrawing and movement, that is, they must enter the coverage area of ​ ​ the maintenance cranes.

In the warehouse, the prefabricated elements are located in the same position as they were located on vehicles during transport. Horizontally stored structures are laid on wooden linings, the distance between which is associated with the working conditions of this structure.

The layout of the elements in the warehouse can be separate, in which all elements of the same type are stored together, and group, when the layout and installation of different types of elements from one parking lot of the crane is provided.

Roads of construction site

Construction roads include access roads connecting the construction site with a common network of roads, internal roads along which goods are transported inside the site. Access roads, as a rule, are made permanent, and internal roads - temporary; these passages are laid before the beginning of the construction of the main objects.

Roads on construction sites are dead end with turning sites at the end. Based on the standard size of the car (a rectangle with a width of 3 and a height of 3.8 m), the width of the two-lane carriageway of the highway is adopted 7 m.

Based on the possibility of maneuvering individual machines, that is, their turning ability when moving forward without the use of reverse travel, the radius of rounding of roads is taken to be 12 m. Structurally, roads consist of an earthen bed and road clothing. To divert surface water on straight sections of the path, the road is given a gable slope, and on curved ones - a single slope.

Road clothing consists of several layers - an underlying sand layer and a bearing crushed stone base.

Loading - unloading of construction goods.

Transportation of construction goods to the site is related to the need to load them at the place of departure and unloading at the place of arrival. These operations are almost completely mechanized, civil and special machines and mechanisms are used to carry out them. These mechanisms can operate independently or are part of the design of vehicles. The first group includes special loading and unloading and conventional mounting cranes, loaders of cyclic and continuous operation, mobile belt conveyors, mechanical shovels, pneumatic unloaders, etc. The second group includes vehicles - dump trucks, transport devices with self-unloading platforms and autonomous unloading facilities, etc.

In construction, the transportation of small-piece materials and products using packages and containers is used. Package - a consignment of cargo laid on a special pallet. The packs must be formed so that their shape is preserved at all stages of movement.

A container is an inventory multi-turn device or container. The universal container is designed to carry different categories of goods; it is closed, equipped with devices for loading and unloading. Special containers are designed to carry a certain type of cargo - roll materials, finishing tiles, linoleum, electrical fittings to a section of the building, etc.

Storage of material elements

Material elements delivered to the construction site are stored in acquired warehouses intended for their temporary storage - creation of production stock. The minimum stock of prefabricated structures in the warehouse is up to 5 days of work.

Closed warehouses serve to store materials that are expensive or spoilt outdoors - cement, lime, gypsum, plywood, nails and other materials. Awnings - semi-closed warehouses are erected for materials that do not change their properties from changes in temperature and humidity, but require protection from direct exposure to the sun and atmospheric precipitation - wood products, ruberoid and other enclosing and finishing materials. Open warehouses are designed to store materials that do not require protection from atmospheric effects - bricks, concrete and reinforced concrete elements, ceramic pipes, etc. Warehouses are usually located in the area of ​ ​ the installation crane serving the object. This allows you to use it to unload incoming goods, mainly in leisure time or in shifts free from installation. During installation, a lighter automobile crane is used for unloading operations.

Usually in the warehouse, heavy loads are laid closer to the cranes, and the lungs are further, since they can rise at a larger departure of the crane boom.

Storage sites shall be flat, with a slight slope, within 2... 5% for stormwater and meltwater runoff. On poorly draining soils, it is recommended, in addition to the layout, to carry out a small filling of crushed stone or sand - 5... 10 cm. If necessary, a surface seal is arranged. Areas of storage area where materials (mortar, sand, etc.) are unloaded directly from vehicles shall be made in the same structure as adjacent access roads.

For different structures and prefabricated products, they divert their storage areas. They are separated from each other by through passages with a width of at least 1.0 m. For various materials, there are their own storage rules.

Prefabricated reinforced concrete is placed on inventory linings and gaskets, the places of laying of which should correspond to risks on prefabricated elements. When storing elements in a stack, gaskets between them are laid one above the other strictly vertically. The section of the gaskets and liners is usually square, with the sides 6... 8 cm. The dimensions are selected so that the overlying prefabricated elements do not rest on the mounting hinges or protruding parts of the underlying elements.

6.2.1 Need for sanitary facilities

According to the construction conditions, the necessary nomenclature of inventory buildings for this construction site consists of two functional groups of buildings:

1. Sanitary buildings:

- room for meals of workers;

- restroom.

2. Administrative buildings:

- pro-slave;

6.2.2 Calculation of storage buildings areas.

It is performed based on the scope of work performed at the construction site.

1. Unheated warehouse:

A) Material and technical

B) cement storage

C) for lime storage

D) for storage of gypsum

2. Canopies:

A) for reinforcement steel

B) for ruberoid, toli, facing tiles, etc.

C) for carpentry and carpentry

The use of prefabricated buildings is recommended.