17 storey house (diploma project)

Introduction

After a long stagnation in industry since 1997, the city of Ryazan tended to increase the number of new jobs. The stabilization of the economic situation of the population caused an increase in demand for housing.

The Ryazan City Council, headed by the mayor of the city of Ryazan, decided to resume financing one of the most important branches of the city economy - capital construction of housing.

The region has its own factories of reinforced concrete products and brick factories, so the main direction of design was the construction of residential buildings from prefabricated reinforced concrete and residential brick houses.

This diploma project considers a residential 16-storey large-panel house. The advantages of such a house over brick is that, subject to the technology of construction, it is not inferior in strength to monolithic and even more brick, as well as the construction time of such a residential building is shorter than houses with brick structures. The construction of this residential building involves less labor and capital investments than the construction of a residential brick house.

The site allocated for this construction does not require any special foundation design. Soil has design resistance not lower than R = 235 MPa mainly loam and sand. Small foundation foundations are accepted.

The main structural system is a wall with transverse internal bearing walls. The spacing of the walls is accepted: 3.0m and 3.6m. Slabs are laid on a room, which avoids neat seams on the ceiling. External wall enclosing structures are represented by hinged three-layer panels with effective insulation. As well as the latest technologies will increase the architectural expressiveness of the facades and diversify the face of the city streets.

Modern construction materials will allow the construction of buildings of increased comfort .

The new district will not only solve the housing problem of many citizens, but also create additional school, preschool and jobs.

Architectural and structural solution of the building

The designed building has 16 floors. It is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete and has a arceless scheme with transverse and longitudinal bearing walls. The main pitch of the transverse bearing walls is 3.0-3.6 m. Enclosing structures - curtain wall panels made of ceramic concrete.

The accepted structural diagram of the building provides strength, rigidity and stability at the erection stage and during operation under the action of all design loads and impacts.

Two transverse inner walls are designed with separate panels, the inner longitudinal walls are arranged so as to combine the transverse walls if possible. Vertical loads from floors are perceived and transmitted to the foundation of the base by transverse and longitudinal walls at the same time.

A prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation is designed under the building. Foundation base at elevation 155.20 (- 3.30). The base, according to Geotrest, is composed of refractory loams with sands of sand and sands that are dusty, medium-density, wet, as well as large-shell sands. The groundwater level is located at a depth of 7.9 m. Design soil resistance of the base is accepted as 2.50 kN/mq. on the weakest soil - the sands are dusty.

Basement walls located on the soil side shall be protected by continuous dressing waterproofing, roll waterproofing is arranged under the basement floor. First of all, an external pond is arranged to divert atmospheric water from the territory of the construction site. After the construction of the underground part, arrange a waterproof pavement with a width of at least 1.0 m.

Under all foundation slabs we arrange concrete preparation with thickness of 100mm from concrete of class B7.5.

Floors are covered by slabs per room resting on three sides. The floor consists of one-layer solid plates with a thickness of 140 mm, factory made. Loggium slabs have a non-rectangular shape, also factory-made from frost-resistant concrete.

Load-bearing walls are connected to each other by above-opening bridges and slab disk.

For the mark of 0.000, the level of the clean floor of the first floor is conditionally accepted.

The following floor structures are provided in this project:

Living rooms, aisles - panel parquet on mastic with cement cloth bracing and soundproofing slabs.

Kitchen - linoleum on mastic in terms of cement cloth bracing and soundproofing slabs.

Bathrooms - ceramic tiles on cement sand mortar, waterproofing on polystyrene foam slabs.

Staircases-ceramic tiles on cement sand mortar.

Loggia - ceramic tiles on cement sand mortar.

Horizontal roof with internal drain is designed. It is made of the following layers:

protective layer of gravel buried in heated layer of roll material

three layers of frizole

polyethylene film

10 cm polystyrene foam

vapor insulation - 1 layer of polyethylene film

leveling cement - sand brace

concrete insulated paving slab.

Stairs are made of prefabricated elements.

Tape foundation - prefabricated railway blocks and basement panels with a thickness of 500 mm.

External walls - railway curtain panels with insulation from mineral wool mats and a ceramic concrete bearing layer, factory made with a thickness of 325 mm.

Internal load-bearing walls - prefabricated railway plates 180mm

Partitions - brick - 120 mm

Slabs - prefabricated single-layer solid slabs with a thickness of 140 mm.

Openings window-binding double, paired, painted with oil paint

Door openings - wooden, factory made

Central heating-steel pipes, radiators-cast iron section type.

The calculations on thermal, lighting and acoustic parameters of the given structures are given below.

Building Finishes

We do not produce interior decoration of apartments.

Only general-purpose rooms are to be finished: maintenance, common corridors, staircases, elevator halls and the lobby.

1. Technical sub-field - cement - whitewash - whitewash

2. common corridors, elevator halls, lobby - ceramic tiles - decorative plaster - water-emulsion painting

3.Glossy cells ceramic tiles - polymer cement color - oil color.

attic, technical rooms - cement - whitewash - whitewash.

We finish the facades with torcret - mortar, then we paint with the necessary color.

Environmental measures after construction

The designed residential building does not require special environmental measures. The discharge of internal effluents is provided for in the city fecal sewage network. Storm water removal from the territory is carried out by closed drainage to the city drainage system. A possible source of noise inside the building is elevator and air conditioning plants. To reduce noise from elevator installations, measures recommended by the specifications for the installation of elevators are provided, the structures of elevator installations are cut off from the load-bearing structures of the building.

After the completion of construction, landscaping work is provided.

Site landscaping

Tree planting: landscaping of the site is provided for by the following types of tree species:

common linden;

Siberian larch;

common mountain ash;

various types of shrubs.

It is also provided to bring the vegetable layer and where it is necessary to sow lawn grass.

The total area of ​ ​ lawns is about 2834 m2/