Water supply and drainage of a residential building - exchange rate

Contents

Introduction

Task

1. Design of cold water supply systems of the building

1.1. Hydraulic calculation of internal water supply network

1.2. Determination of estimated water flow rates

1.3. Determining the required head at the input

2. Building of internal and yard sewage system

2.1. Internal house sewage system

2.2. Calculation of internal and yard sewage

3. Create a yard network profile

List of literature

Introduction

Water supply, sewerage and sanitary equipment are systems and structures of life support for buildings, enterprises and populated places, without which the normal development of a civilized society of modern production is impossible. The correct solution of engineering problems in water supply and sewerage largely determines the level of improvement of populated places, residential, public and industrial buildings, as well as the rational use and reproduction of natural resources.

In the context of scientific and technological progress, the further development of water supply and sanitation systems is essential for the implementation of the construction programme in all regions of the country. This is particularly true in the design and implementation of environmental protection and the management and reproduction of natural resources.

Internal house sewage system

The internal house sewage system consists of sewage receivers with hydraulic gates and a system of pipelines discharging effluents to the yard or internal apartment sewage system.

The internal sewer network is laid straight and in the shortest direction, with the necessary slope, open or hidden. It is not allowed to lay a sewage network under the ceiling, in the walls and floor of residential rooms, sleeping rooms of children's institutions.

The internal sewerage networks should be audited or cleaned up. Revisions are installed on risers at a height of 1 meter from the floor in the lower and upper floors, in residential buildings with a height of more than 5 floors - at least 3 floors later, cleaning on horizontal sections of pipelines during turns. Audits and cleaning on long horizontal sections of the network, permissible distances between revisions or cleaning shall be taken according to Table 6 [1].

Sewage networks shall be ventilated through risers, the exhaust part of which is discharged through the roof or the building ventilation shaft

The diameter of the exhaust part of the sewage riser shall be equal to the diameter of the juice riser. It is allowed to combine the surface with one drawing part of several sewage risers.

Sewage outlets are designed to drain waste water from the risers. They are placed, in technical underground, under basement ceiling or basement floor, in passage channels with slope of at least 0.02 towards yard sewerage system. It is possible to combine 2-3 risers into one outlet or collector, which is laid in the center of the building.

The maximum permissible length of the outlet from the riser to the axis of the inspection well must be not more than specified in Table 7 [1]. If the length of the outlet is more than the length specified in the table, it is necessary to provide for an additional inspection well. The outlet diameter shall be not less than the diameter of the largest of the risers connected to the outlet.

The exhaust from the sewage risers is mounted straight, without fractures and set outside the walls of the courtyard facades, and not beyond the main facade of the building.

The axonometric diagram of the sewer riser shows the complete diagram of the riser from the exhaust part to the outlet connection point to the courtyard well. When multiple risers are combined into a single outlet, they must all be shown. The diagram shows the diameters, lengths, slopes of the calculated sections. Revisions and cleanings are displayed. Sewage outlets are connected to the inspection wells of the palace sewerage system. Inspection sewage pits are arranged at the points of connection of outlets from the building, at the corners of the network repetition, at the places of change of diameter or slope of pipelines, as well as at straight sections of the network at distances depending on the diameter of pipes: 150 mm - 35 m; 200-450 mm - 50 m. On the internal sewer network (before joining the city), a control inspection well is installed at a distance of 1.5-2 m from the red building line. The yard sewer route is laid parallel to the building at a distance of 3 m. The yard sewer begins from the first (downstream) well and approaches the street collector in the shortest way.

The minimum depth of the yard network (pipeline tray) should be taken for pipes with a diameter of up to 500 mm - 0.3 m less. The greatest depth of ground freezing, but not less than 0.7 m to the top of the pipe, counting from the elevation of the ground surface. The yard sewer network is made of pipes with a diameter of at least 150 mm. Ceramic, plastic, concrete and reinforced concrete pipes are used for yard sewage, wells are mounted from prefabricated reinforced concrete elements.