Ventilation of the blacksmith shop

Contents

I. Thermal balance of the room

1.1 Process

1.2 Meteorological air parameters

1.3 Heat Inputs

1.4 Heat loss

1.5 Heat Balance

II. Local plenum ventilation

2.1 Air curtains

2.2 Aerial strangulation of workplaces

2.3 Ventilation of crane cockpits

III. Local exhaust ventilation

3.1 M.O. from the equipment of the emission steam, gases

3.2 Calculation of umbrella above blacksmith hill

IV. General exchange ventilation. Heating

4.1 Characteristic and intensity of harmful substances

4.2 Exhaust ventilation

4.3. Plenum ventilation

V. Aerodynamic calculation of ventilation systems

5.1 Selection and layout of ventilation systems

5.2 Calculation of plenum system

5.3 Calculation of filter and heater unit

5.4 Air Pool Protection

5.5 Calculation of exhaust system

5.6 Noise control of ventilation units

5.7 Calculation of aeration

5.8 Heating and ventilation system operation mode

equipment

List of literature used

I. Thermal balance of the room

1.1 Process

Production processes in forging shops include cutting and forging of cold metal blanks, their heating, forging and stamping, cleaning of forged parts.

Cutting and editing of cold metal blanks is carried out on guillotine shears and regular plates.

Preforms and ingots are heated before forging and stamping to new temperatures in forge shops in heating furnaces.

Blacksmith stoves operate on solid, liquid, gaseous fuel. For free forging and hot stamping, pneumatic and steam-air hammers, crank and hydraulic presses, etc. are used. The main harmful releases in the blacksmiths are convective and radiant heat, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, metal scale dust, vapors and acid aerosols in the etching compartment.

Meteorological conditions in blacksmiths are accepted as for rooms with significant excess of obvious heat and the category of heavy work. In all production rooms, heating is combined with high-precision ventilation. On-duty heating is arranged by switching to recirculation of plenum or circulating systems.

The total air exchange of forge-press shops is calculated for assimilation of heat wastes with the test for dissolution to the level of MPC of released harmful gases in the cold period of the year.

At workplaces where areas are more susceptible to heat exposure, air strangulation is provided.

Local ventilation is arranged under the loading hole of furnaces - umbrellas - visors and at the mountains - umbrellas.

To compensate for the air removed by local suction, mechanical plenum general exchange ventilation is provided with air distribution to the working zone. During all periods of the year, aeration is organized. All plenum air, both in summer and in winter, can be supplied to the workshop through the framugs of windows .

1.2 Meteorological air parameters

1. City of construction: Kharkov

2. Elevation Light Orientation South

3. Coating heat transfer coefficient Kp W/¼ K: 1.75

4. Nature of lighting: wooden windows and double vertical glazed lights

5. Gate type: ploughed

6. Surface plane of radiant heat flux qp.m W/m2: 1900

7. Estimated geographical latitude: 520 n.

8. Barometric pressure: 990 hPa

5.4 Air Pool Protection

In the blacksmith shop, harmful emissions such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide.

MPC value in the working area:

CO - 20 mg/m3 SO2 - 10 mg/m3

To capture these gases, umbrellas are designed - visors above the furnaces and curtains above the blacksmith mountains, which contaminate the surrounding air.

5.5 Calculation of exhaust system

For the blacksmith shop, natural extractions from miners and heating furnaces, therefore, the calculation is given in paragraph 3.1.

5.6 Noise control of ventilation units

The noise level is an essential criterion for the quality of the ventilation system.

To reduce the noise of the source itself, it is necessary to:

1. when selecting equipment, take into account the level of sound power of the fan along with other operating parameters

2. strive to ensure that at a given volumetric flow rate and network resistance, the fan operates in maximum efficiency mode

3. remove mains resistance and do not install fan with pressure margin

4. smooth air supply to fan inlet pipe

5. pay special attention to static and dynamic balancing of the fan working class

6. prefer centrifugal compressors and pumps as less noisy than piston ones.

5.8 Heating and ventilation system operation mode

Equipment

Depending on the operation of the enterprise, the mode of operation of ventilation equipment per day is different. It works when workers are in their places during a work shift. Heating equipment does not work during working hours, and during non-working hours on-duty heating is provided with a regulating plenum system or air-heating units in the cold period of the year.

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