Underground parking, gym, shop - fire fighting project

General part

1.1. This project is developed on the basis of contract No. 120 ,

construction drawings provided by the customer and existing regulatory documents.

1.2. The protected rooms are located in a one-story building of an underground parking lot designed for 32 cars - powered by gasoline and diesel fuel. The building protrudes 0.6 m above the earth's surface. The level of the garage's clean floor is accepted for the conditional elevation of 0.000, which corresponds to an absolute elevation of .382.69. The building has a car storage room, a security guard room with a bathroom, an electric shield, a heat unit, a ventilation chamber: exhaust, plenum and smoke removal. Entry is through a closed ramp. The total area of ​ ​ protected parking spaces is 1165.47m2; premises of the guard 10.8m2. The height of the rooms is 3.42 m.

1.3. The building has II degree of fire resistance, functional class

fire hazard of F 5.2 rooms.

1.4. To ensure fire safety of the building, fire-fighting measures are provided, in accordance with the current norms and rules: NPB 882001 * "Fire extinguishing and alarm units. Design standards and rules, "NPB 11003" List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment recommended for protection by automatic fire extinguishing and detection units, "NPB 10403" Warning and evacuation control systems for fires in buildings and structures. "

1.5. Automatic installation of powder fire extinguishing is provided in the parking areas (SNiP 210299 item 6.29). For fire detection, in protected rooms of the building, fire and heat detectors IP 1035 are used.

In the guard's room smoke optoelectronic detectors

IP 21285.

The type of fire detectors is selected depending on the purpose of the premises, the type of fire load and the fire factor at the initial stage of fire occurrence.

1.6.To extinguish the fire, WFP Buran8CB powder fire extinguishing modules are used.

1.7. As a fire extinguishing station, the Master receiving and control device was used.

1.8. Parking rooms are divided into four local fire fighting areas:

- Part of car storage space between axles 1 and 5

- Part of car storage space between axles 5 and 8

- Part of car storage space between axles 8 and 11

- Electrical panel placement

1.9. Fire extinguishing is carried out from control units "Grand Master of CP BP," which are connected to fire extinguishing station "Grand Master of CP4" via a two-wire communication line.

1.10. In accordance with the current norms and regulations, these fire safety systems ensure timely detection of a fire, notification of people about a fire and elimination of a fire (parking room).

Automatic fire alarm installation

2.1. Main design solutions.

2.1.1. Automatic installation of fire alarm in the building is intended for fire detection and notification of fire of duty personnel, activation of fire warning system.

2.1.2. Fire alarm loops are connected to control units "Grand Master of CP BP" installed in the premises of the security post.

2.1.3. The fire alarm loop, which includes four manual fire detectors, is connected to the Grand Magister2 instrument installed in the security room.

2.1.4. Fire alarm loop of the guard post at el. 000 is connected to PKP "Grand Magister2."

2.2. General information on the principle of work.

2.2.1. The main principle of the manual fire detector is to close the contacts of the internal microswitch, which connects an additional resistor to the fire alarm loop, which causes a change in the resistance of the PSK loop.

2.2.2. The main principle of operation of the smoke detector is the detection of smoke particles in the sensor working chamber due to reflection of light radiation emanating from the LED from smoke particles, which, when processed by the detector circuit, leads to a decrease in the sensor internal resistance to 500 ohms.

2.2.3. The main principle of the operation of the thermal fire detector is the opening of the contacts of the thermally sensitive element when the sensor is heated above 62 ° С.

2.3. Equipment placement.

2.3.1. Smoke fire detectors are installed on the ceiling in accordance with the plans for the placement of equipment, APS and EPSS networks at el. 000. The distance between smoke detectors shall not exceed the value specified in Table 5 of NPB 8801 *: between detectors not more than 9 m; between the detector and the wall not more than 4.5m. Sensors are connected to each other by KSVV cable.

2.3.2. Thermal fire detectors are placed on the ceiling according to the layout plans of the equipment and networks of the APS. The distance between thermal fire detectors shall not exceed 1.87 m, and between the detector and the wall 0.93 m (when generating signals for fire extinguishing control, type 2 notification, etc., the distance between the detectors shall not be more than half of the normative distance determined according to Table 8 (NPB 8801, item 13.1); if there are protruding parts on the ceiling from 0.08 to 0.4 m, the area controlled by fire detectors specified in Table 8 decreases by 25%).

Sensors are connected to each other by KSVV cable.

2.3.3. If there are boxes, process platforms with a width of 0.75 m and more in the controlled room, which have a continuous structure, which is located along the lower elevation from the ceiling at a distance of more than 0.4 m, fire detectors must be additionally installed under them (NPB 8801 p.12.20).

For air ducts, heat detectors are placed according to plans for placing equipment and APS networks on the air ducts. The distance between thermal fire detectors shall not exceed 2.50m and between the detector and the wall 1.25m

2.3.4. Manual fire detectors are installed on the wall at a height of 1.5 m from the floor level, according to plans for the placement of equipment and APS networks. The trunks are made by the WCS cable.

2.3.5. Devices "Grand Master PU BU," "Grand Master PU 4," "Grand Master - 2A" uninterrupted power supply "SCAT1200U" and backup power supply "SKAT1200RU" are located in the security room on the wall with an unburned base at a height of 1.5 m from the floor level .

2.3.6 redundant power supply "SCAT1200U" is placed in the electrical panel room on the wall with a non-burning base at a height of 1.5 m from the floor level

Evacuation Warning and Management System

3.1. Main design solutions.

3.1.1. The project, in accordance with NPB 10403, provides a type 2 warning system for underground parking in accordance with SNiP 210299 (item 6.32).

3.1.2. System of the 2nd type includes sound annunciators and "OUTPUT" annunciators.

3.1.4. The tasks of the alert system are as follows:

a) detect the fire using the fire alarm unit; Fire detection by random people or personnel is possible;

b) provide fire warning to people and indicate escape routes;

"Lightning" placards are used as "EXIT" placards, which indicate exits from protected premises, and as "Ivolga12" audible annunciators.

3.2. General information on the principle of work.

3.2.1. Sound annunciator "Ivolga12" and light annunciators "Lightning 12" are connected in parallel and connected to contacts of relay "UKVK/03" providing voltage supply to annunciators when a fire signal arrives at any of the installed PSKs.

3.3. Equipment placement, electrical wiring laying.

3.3.1. "Lightning Lightning 12" annunciators with "EXIT" inscriptions are placed above doorways when leaving the room at a height of not less than 2.3 m from the floor and not less than 150 mm from the ceiling .

3.3.2. Sound annunciator "Ivolga12" is located according to equipment layout plans, EMSS networks at a height of not less than 2.3 m from the floor and not less than 150 mm from the ceiling.

3.3.3. Connecting lines are made by 2x0.5 BVP wires in corrugation or in channel cable (depending on building design).

Selection of automatic fire extinguishing unit

4.1. In accordance with the current: SNiP 210299 "Car parking," NPB 882001 * "Fire fighting and alarm systems. Design Standards and Rules "and NPB 11003" List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment recommended for protection by automatic fire fighting and detection units, "a powder fire extinguishing system is used in this room.

4.2. Calculation of the system.

4.2.1. The following initial data were used to calculate the powder fire extinguishing system of parking spaces:

- area of the 1st local fire-fighting zone (height h = 3.4m): S = 332 m ².

- area of the 2nd local fire-fighting zone (height h = 3.4 m): S = 340.8 m ²

- area of the 3rd local fire-fighting zone (height h = 3.4 m): S = 325.6 m ²

- area of the 4th local fire-fighting zone (height h = 3.4 m): S = 14.2 m ²

Power supply

According to PUE, fire alarms in terms of power supply are classified as electrical receivers of the 1st category. Therefore, the power supply of the plant must be provided from two independent AC sources with a voltage of 220 V. The frequency is 50 Hz and not less than 1.0 kW each, or from one AC source with automatic switching in emergency mode to backup power from batteries.

Backup power supply shall ensure normal operation of the plant within 24 hours in standby mode and not less than 3 hours in fire mode.

In the electrical panel room on (elev. 000) SKAT1200U uninterruptible power supply with 12A * h storage battery is installed and the following PCU "Grand Master PU4" and PPK "Grand Master 2A," three PPKUP "Grand Master PU" are installed at the security post.

Technical characteristics of electrical receivers of the plant:

1) operating input voltage - 220V, 50 Hz.

2) power consumption by operating input - not more than 180 VA.

3) voltage deviations from 10% to + 10%.

Grounding

To ensure the safety of people, all electrical equipment must be reliably grounded in accordance with PUE requirements. Grounding devices shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's technical documentation. The resistance of the grounding device must be not more than 4 ohms. Connection of grounding and zero protective conductors shall be made by bolting. The third core of the power cable is used as the ground conductor.

Professional and qualification staff

Maintenance and maintenance work is performed by communication mounts not lower than the 5th category.

The number of communication mounts for maintenance and maintenance of the OS takes into account the necessary time for all components of the installation. Thus, the required number of personnel is involved in the maintenance of the installations: the 5th category communication unit - 2 people.

The calculation was made according to RTM 25.48882 of the Ministry of Environment of the USSR.

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