Two-story brick house

Contents

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Source Data

3. Space Planning Solution

4. Architectural and structural solution

4.1. Bases

4.2. Walls

4.3. Overlapping

4.4. Floors

4.5. Partitions

4.6. Stair with calculation of stairwell parameters

4.7. Roof, roof

4.8. Windows

4.9. Doors

4.10. Interior and exterior decoration of the building

5. Engineering equipment of the building

List of literature used

1. Introduction

The main purpose of architecture has always been to create the life environment necessary for the existence of a person, the nature and comfort of which was determined by the level of development of society, its culture, and the achievements of science and technology. This life environment, called architecture, is embodied in buildings that have internal space, complexes of buildings and structures that organize external space - streets, squares and cities.

In the modern sense, architecture is the art of designing and building buildings, structures and their complexes. It organizes all life processes. In its emotional impact, architecture is one of the most significant and ancient arts. The power of her artistic images constantly affects a person, because his whole life takes place surrounded by architecture. At the same time, the creation of a production architecture requires a significant amount of public labor and time. Therefore, the requirements for architecture, along with functional expediency, convenience and beauty, include requirements for technical expediency and economy. In addition to the rational layout of the premises, corresponding to certain functional processes, the convenience of all buildings is ensured by the correct distribution of stairs, elevators, equipment and engineering devices (sanitary appliances, heating, ventilation). Thus, the shape of the building is largely determined by the functional pattern, but at the same time it is built according to the laws of beauty .

The building is designed for permanent residence of a family of four. It has one full floor and one attic. Arceless. Belongs to class III in terms of fire resistance, and class II in terms of durability. According to operation mode: dry, heated. Soil freezing level is 800 mm. The humidity zone is moderate. In summer from 29 to 17 degrees. In winter from -8 to 27 degrees Celsius.

Source Data

Construction area: Donetsk.

Construction site relief: horizontal.

Base: loam.

Depth of the base (from the surface of the earth), m: 0.5.

Groundwater level lower from the ground surface by: 5.0 m.

Foundation: Monolithically tape, concrete.

Walls: Single-layer brick with insulation.

Floors: Along reinforced concrete beams.

Staircase: Along reinforced concrete skewers.

Roof: Attic.

Rafters: Brusov.

Roofing: Metalwork.

Floor in residential premises: plank .

Heating: independent from the boiler .

Category of comfort of the dwelling: Category I. [4]

Space Planning Solution

Single apartment mansard house with 5 rooms

The architectural and planning solution of the house is developed on the basis of

DBN 7992 "Zhitlov_ of a budinka for _ndiv_dualny zabudovnik_v Ukra§ni" [6].

The planning decision of the house is based on the principle of zoning for residential and economic zones. All living rooms have isolated entrances from the front. The house is equipped with a combined bathroom with a bathroom, wardrobes, storage room, boiler room, garage. On the ground floor there are: a hall, an office, a kitchen, a pantry, a combined bathroom with a bathroom, a boiler room, a garage. On the second floor there are: 3 bedrooms, a combined bathroom with a bathroom.

Storey: one floor + attic.

Configuration: rectangle with garage.

The building sizes in extreme axes: 9300kh9600mm.

The height of the building is 6600mm. The height of the first floor is 2500mm. The height of the attic floor is 2800mm. followed by reduction.

Planning solution: individual with a home plot.

Architectural and structural solution

Structural diagram of the building: arceless with transverse and longitudinal bearing walls. The spatial rigidity of the building is provided by load-bearing walls, floors.

4.1. Bases

Tape foundations made of monolithic heavy concrete are designed for brick walls of the designed building. Under the foundation, prepare from crushed stone with a thickness of 100mm.

- Ground freezing depth - 800 mm.

- Depth of foundation laying on external walls - 900mm, on internal walls - 500mm

-The outer side of the foundation is insulated with extruded 100 mm thick polystyrene foam. To protect the foundations from atmospheric precipitation, asphalt paving is arranged along the perimeter of the building with a width of 800mm along the crushed stone base.

The detailed plan of the foundation is presented in the graphic part on sheet No. 10. [7,8]

4.3. Overlapping

The floor floor of the attic floor is reinforced concrete beams with a pitch of 500 mm., Resting on bearing walls with a recess of 100 mm. With gypsum concrete slabs.

A detailed description of the stall arrangement is provided on sheet No. 12 [1, 2, 3, 4]

4.5. Partitions

Partitions - gypsum board partitions of the KNAUF system. – 120 mm. Composition: - metal guide profiles UW, attached to intermediate floors by means of screws and dowels (with spacing not more than 1 m);

- metal struts CW connected to guide profiles and forming together with them a single frame;

- horizontal jumpers made of metal UW or CW profiles are installed in places of joints of the MCP, on the surface of openings, etc., with posting of MCP joints relative to each other by at least 400 mm;

- soundproofing material (if provided by the design), which is attached in the space between the racks to the GCL lining

- gypsum board sheets attached to the frame by shurupamisamoreses. [1, 2]

4.7. Roof, roof

Roof Type:

- Double-slope with a slope of 33 °

- Attic;

- With wooden structures of load-bearing elements;

- The main elements of the layered rafters are rafters' legs, braces, running. Rafter legs are supported by tuning bars - mauerlats (200x200mm.), Laid on the inner cut of the outer walls. Rafter legs are made of boards on the rib. The lower ends of the rafter legs are fastened to the wall through one wire twists 46mm using crutches clogged 300400mm below the wall edge. Mauerlat is fastened to rafters by reverse brace and laid on roof slabs. Mare coming out of the wall for 500 mm should be nailed to rafter legs. To protect walls from external influences.

The roof is made of metal cuttings with a grating of 40x40mm.

Detailed description of the roof arrangement is given on sheets No. 9, 11 - node 1, node 3. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Engineering equipment of the building

Ventilation: plenum with natural traction. The location of the channels is indicated on the plan at el. 0,000, +2,800.

The water supply is cold and hot, the source of water supply is a drinking and household system.

Sewerage: general, brought to the riser around the house.

Heating is local, water. Gas supply from the gas wire to the gas stove in the kitchen and to the heating boiler in the boiler room.

Gas supply: general, supply goes to the heating boiler and cooker.

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