School for 11th grade (422) students

Contents

Contents

1 General section

1.1 Design assignment

1.2 Characteristics of the building

1.3 Climatic conditions of construction

2 Volumetric planning solution

2.1 Floor Plan

2.2 Section

2.3 Facade

3 Design solution

3.1 Foundation and Foundation

3.2 Walls and partitions

3.3 Overlaps

3.4 Roof and roof

3.5 Stairs

3.6 Floors

3.7 Windows and Doors

3.8 Basement

3.9 Finishing

4 Building Maintenance Systems

4.1 Heating

4.2 Water supply

4.3 Sewerage

4.4 Power supply

4.6 Radio, television, telephone

5 Thermal design of the outer wall

General Section

Project assignment. Diagram No. 9

Place of construction-g. Derbent

Planning type of building-3 storey high school.

Structural system - transverse and longitudinal structural walls.

The type and material of the foundation is precast reinforced concrete.

Floor design - PC.

Coating design - PR.

Wall material - W. B. panel

Roof and roof type - attic roof.

Floors - parquet, linoleum.

Stairway - with half-ground.

The construction site in the area of ​ ​ the city of Derbent, in the 2nd climatic zone. A separate 3-storey school building was designed on the site with a calm relief. The building has full sanitary equipment, the building is electrified.

Climatic conditions of construction

The depth of freezing is 0.75 m.

The temperature of the coldest days is -8.1 ° С.

Heating period temperature - + 1.1° С.

The duration of the heating period in days is 193.

Volumetric planning solution

Floor plan.

A public building is being designed.

Overall dimensions of the building on external surfaces - 51900 × 42000

Axial dimensions - 51000 × 42000

Section

The height of the floor is 3.6 m.

The height of the rooms is 3 m.

For a relative elevation of 0.000 m. We will take the floor level of the 1st floor. Elevation of the ground layout surface - -0.450 mm. The windows are located at a height of 1,000mm. from the floor of the floors. The windows have a height of 2400 mm. The height of the doors is 2700 mm, 2400 mm.

Facade.

The facade of this building is the view from the 1st to the 3rd floor, respectively. The entire facade consists of panels that can be painted in different colors, the basement can be decorated with pieces of glazed tiles. The entrance to the building is located at an elevation of 0,450 m.

The ground level corresponds to the elevation: 0.450 m.

Constructive solution

3.1 Bases and foundations.

Foundations perceive all loads occurring in aboveground parts and transfer pressure from these loads to the base. Foundations work under constantly changing conditions and under the influence of large loads, therefore, their quality is subject to increased requirements. The materials from which the foundations are made should have high frost resistance, mechanical strength, durability and should not be destroyed under the influence of groundwater. Prefabricated reinforced concrete foundations are used in this building. Depth of foundation foot laying for external and internal walls is set depending on freezing depth and basement presence. In axes amounted to - 2.900mm. All foundation elements in contact with the soil are hydroinsulated by coating with hot bitumen mastic 2 times to prevent capillary suction of moisture from the soil and transfer of moisture to the walls of the building.

A pavement is arranged at ground level to prevent moisture from precipitation from entering the walls and to protect the foundation.

3.2 Walls and partitions.

External and internal walls - three-layer, iron-concrete with insulation. The inner bearing layer is 100 mm thick. An effective insulation is foam polysterol. Outer protective layer 50 mm thick. Partitions are made of gypsum concrete. The thickness of the outer walls is justified by heat engineering calculation, is 250 mm. partitions 150 mm.

3.3 Floors: by prefabricated slabs. Slabs are laid on girders and rest on them on two sides. Floor structure is laid on floor slabs.

3.4 Roof and roof.

The roof is attic. Ribbed coating plates are used. The height of the edge of the cover plates is 360 mm. Concrete bracing with slope towards internal drainage of 0.03% is made on the paving slabs. Waterproofing layer of bitumen mastic is made on the concrete bracing.

3.5. Ladders.

Stairs are used reinforced concrete with a half-site. The height of the stage is 150 mm. The width of the stage is 300 mm. The stairwell has artificial and natural lighting through window openings. Fencing of stair marches made of metal grids with wooden handrails. Stairways are embedded in walls at depth of 250 mm outside the area of ventilation ducts. The slope of the march is 1:2. To rise to the level of the first floor, a basement march is used, which consists of 6 steps. In addition, three steps are located on the street in front of the entrance to the building. Reinforced concrete visors are installed above the entrance doors.

3.6 Floors.

Floors in public buildings must meet the requirements of strength, resistance to wear, sufficient elasticity. On assignment, floors are designed - parquet and linoleum. Floors in corridors and kitchens are made of parquet. Bracing is made of mortar by expanded clay backfilling, which is a sound-insulating layer. In sanitary units, the floors have powerful waterproofing. They are made of ceramic tiles on cement sand mortar.

3.7. Windows and doors.

This project uses windows of type: 2200 × 2400. Windows largely determine the degree of comfort in the building and its architectural and artistic solution. Windows are selected according to GOST, in accordance with the areas of illuminated rooms. The top of the windows is as close to the ceiling as possible, which provides better lighting in the depths of the room. Window opening is located at the level of 1000 mm from the floor. Wooden double-leaf windows with separate bindings and double glazing. A frame is inserted into the wall opening, filled with opening glazed bindings. Windows are arranged in bindings. The window unit is installed in the opening with gaps filled with dry hemp. The windows are painted with white oil paint.

Doors in this project are used in the following sizes: 2400 mm high and 1500 mm wide (entrance to the building), 2700 mm high. and width 1500 mm (entrance to class), 1500 mm (in corridors), 700 mm (in utility rooms). Door webs are hung on hinges (canopies), allowing to remove open door webs from hinges - for repair or replacement of door webs.

3.8. Basement.

The base part is made to protect its zone from rain and melted water, as well as from possible mechanical damages during operation of durable materials.

3.9. Finishing.

Interior decoration: in classrooms, walls are glued with wallpaper after plastering brick walls, in corridors they are painted in various colors, in sanitary units they are painted, sections of walls above sanitary appliances are lined with glazed tiles. In sanitary units, floors made of ceramic tiles.

Building Maintenance Systems

4.1 Heating.

Heating and hot water supply is designed from main heating networks from UT1, with lower wiring on the basement. Heating devices serve as a convector, a separate thermal unit is made to regulate and take into account the heat of the carrier. Main pipelines and riser pipes located in the basement of the building are insulated and covered with aluminum foil.

4.2 Water supply.

Cold water supply is designed from inside the quarterly water supply header with two inlets. The water is supplied via an in-house main line, and covered with aluminum foil, an input frame is installed. Around the building there is a main fire and drinking water supply with wells in which fire hydrants are installed.

4.3 Sewerage.

Sewerage is performed in-house with tie-in to wells of intra-quarter sewerage, independent releases of household and rain sewers are performed.

4.4 Power supply.

Power supply is provided from the city substation with power supply via two cables - main and spare.

4.5 Radio, television, telephone.

Radio racks with radiofiders from neighboring houses located around buildings under construction are installed. In the assembly hall, the director's office, the gym there are radio points. The building is equipped with a television antenna, telephone cable.