Grade 9 school (108 students)

Contents

1. Characteristics of the building

1.1. Volumetric planning solution

1.2. Description of local conditions of the construction area

2. Constructive solution

2.1. Specification of prefabricated LW structures

2.2. Bases

2.3. Walls

2.4. Floors, coverings

2.5. Ladders

2.6. Partitions

2.7. Coating (roof)

2.8. Floor Explication

2.9. Windows and doors

3. Exterior and interior finishes

4. Engineering equipment

5. Technical and economic indicators

6. Literature

Introduction

Architecture (lat. Architectura - construction, architecture, from other Greek ἀρχι - the eldest, the main, and, also, is the builder, carpenter) - one of the most comprehensive areas of human activity, which is engaged in the organization of space and time and solves any spatial and temporal problems, from the development of strategies for the development of agglomerations to the design of door handles.

Architecture forms a spatial environment for people's lives and activities.

By their purpose, all buildings and structures are divided into two groups: civil and industrial. Civilians are intended to live and provide for the living, social and cultural needs of a person. Civic buildings are divided into two subgroups: residential (houses, dormitories, boarding schools) and public (educational, entertainment, communal, etc.).

The purpose of this course work is to learn, based on the technical assignment, to design civilian buildings. The task is to design a public building, as well as to consolidate and deepen theoretical knowledge of the design of buildings and structures.

This course work on the topic "School for 9 classes (109 educational places)" is presented in the form of a graphic part and an explanatory note. The graphic part consists of two sheets, including: a facade, a plot plan, plans at elevations of 0.000m and 3.300m, longitudinal and transverse sections along the stairs, a plan of floors, pavements, foundations, roofs, structural units.

The explanatory note reflects questions on architecture: volumetric planning solutions, structural solutions, thermal calculation of the internal insulation.

The work uses modern building materials: ceramic large-format hollow stones (rauf), as well as insulation - plates STYROFOAM 300 A, used to insulate the inversion roof.

Inversion (from Latin inversio - flipping, permutation) is a roof whose design is "inverted" compared to the traditional one, that is, the waterproofing layer is located under the insulation layer directly on the surface of the concrete floor (roof base). This design was developed and implemented in construction after the advent of a "new generation" insulation - solid extrusion polystyrene foam, which is a heat-insulating material with evenly distributed closed (closed) cells, which does not absorb water, does not swell and does not shrink, has high mechanical strength, chemically resistant and is not susceptible to rotting. These properties of the insulation make it possible to place it above the waterproofing, for which it is also protection against external influences.

The use of the STYROFOAM 300 A plate insulator, the Styrofoam insulator, which is a blue extruded polystyrene foam, is a material that has excellent insulation characteristics. Developed in 1941 by DOW.

Made according to extrusion technology, this insulation has a uniform structure consisting of sealed cells. The advantages of such a Styrofoam insulation structure are high mechanical strength, low thermal conductivity maintained over a long period of time, zero water absorption, no capillarity, durability, resistance to freezing and subsequent thawing, and resistance to vapor permeation. Styrofoam polystyrene foam plates used in construction are of low weight and easy to use. They do not require the use of special complex cutting tools, in addition, these boards are characterized by rot resistance, durability, ability

270.102.6508dPGS0110 3

maintain size and shape for a long time. In addition, Styrofoam insulation plates, being environmentally safe, do not have an odor and do not cause allergic skin reactions. Due to all its advantages, this insulation can be used in such systems as flat inversion roofs, insulation of floors with different types of loads, external insulation of the basement walls. In addition, Styrofoam is also used to create anti-frost insulation of engineering structures and buildings.

4. Engineering equipment

Engineering equipment of the building includes water supply, sewerage, wiring, gas supply and heating system.

Power supply of the building is carried out from the village power grid, voltage 380/220 V. Wiring in the designed building is carried out before plastering the internal walls and partitions and is attached using special fasteners to the building structures. If necessary, holes for electric wire in walls and floors are drilled.

The sewerage system of the building is household in the village network. connected to the central sewer network.

Water supply is carried out from a common water supply. Water is supplied in the kitchen to the mixer and in the bathroom to the mixer and the drain tank. Head at input 115.0 m.

Gas supply is provided from external gas network. It is led to a gas heating boiler located in the boiler room, and gas columns located in the kitchen and bathroom. Gas columns are designed to heat the water entering the bathroom and kitchen.

The heating system of the building consists of pipes and heating batteries, through which heated water and a gas heating boiler circulate. Such a heating system is called central. Heating batteries are located in all rooms and run along the exterior walls of the building on both floors.

Electric lighting - incandescent lamp and fluorescent lighting.

Communication devices - radio, telephony, fire alarm.

The building is also equipped with film equipment - a two-post stationary film installation, film projectors 23 PDAs for demonstration.

5. Technical and economic indicators

- building building area is the area of horizontal cross-section along the external stroke of knowledge at the level of the basement, including protruding parts taking into account the areas under the building located on pillars and, and driveways under the building 1664.6 m2

- building volume - 12381.7 m3

- building height - determined from the level of the clean floor of the first floor to the top of the insulation of the attic floor - 6.600 m

- the total area of the building is the sum of the areas of all floors (including technical,, attic, basement and basement) - 1209.41 m2

- usable area is the sum of the areas of all rooms located in the building except staircases, elevator shafts, open stairs, ramps - 1202.11 m2

- design area is the sum of the areas of all rooms located in the building except staircases, corridors, tambours, passages, elevator shafts, internal open stairs - 1146.74 m2