Reconstruction and superstructure of 4 storey dormitory - AR, VK

Contents

Introduction

1. Architectural and construction section

1.1 Characteristics of the reconstruction area

1.2 Master Plan and Landscaping

1.3 Functional Diagram Characterization

of the reconstructed building

1.4 Space Planning Solution

1.4.1 Room Finish List

1.4.2 Floor Explication

1.5 Design Solution

1.5.1 Specification of mounting elements

1.5.2 Specification of window and

door openings

1.6 Heat engineering calculation of enclosing structures

1.6.1 Design Input

thermal protection of the building

1.6.2 Thermal design of the outer wall

1.6.3 Ground Floor Heat Engineering Calculation

1.6.4 Heat Engineering Calculation of Enclosures

attic floor structures

1.7 Engineering Equipment

1.7.1 Sewerage

1.7.2 Power supply

1.7.3 Telephony and Radialization

1.7.4 Water supply

1.7.5 Heating and Ventilation

1.8 Technical and economic parameters of volume -

planning solution

2 Design section

2.1 Calculation and Design of Multi-Stop Plate

2.1.2 Structural solution

2.1.2 Static Plate Calculation

2.1.3 Structural calculation of the plate

2.1.4 Plate Design

2.2 Calculation of the flight of stairs

2.3 Calculation of stair landing

2.4 Basement window calculation

3 Foundations and foundations

3.1 Analysis of initial data of geological and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site

3.2 Refinement of foundation depth

3.3 Foundation Survey

3.4 Reinforcement of the bearing capacity of the foundation and protection of premises from groundwater

3.5 Calculation of bases by limit states

4 Reconstruction of water supply and drainage system

4.1 Internal water supply

4.1.1 Internal axonometric diagram

water supply system

4.1.2 Calculation of internal water supply

4.2 Sewerage

4.2.1 Axonometric sewage system

4.2.2 Calculation of sewage system

4.2.3 Longitudinal profile of yard sewage system

4.3 Description of the sewage system reconstruction

4.4 Process Repair Features and

reconstruction of sanitary systems

5 Technology and organization of repair and construction works

5.1 Methods of production of main types of CIW

5.1.1 Earthworks

5.1.2 Disassembly and removal

5.1.3 Technology and organization of masonry

5.1.4 Installation works

5.1.5 Roofing works

5.1.6 Finishing works

5.1.7 Floor arrangement

5.2 Job Instruction for Production of External Thermal Insulation of Building with Plaster by Insulation

5.2.1 Scope of application

5.2.2 Procedure and organization of works

5.2.3 Requirements for quality and acceptance of works

5.2.4 Safety precautions

5.2.5 Resource requirements

5.2.6 Calculation of labor and machine time

5.2.7 Work Schedule

5.2.8 Technical and economic indicators

6 Organization, planning and management of construction production

6.1 Organization of construction production

6.1.1 Selection of installation crane

6.1.2 Load gripping devices and accessories for installation of structures

6.2 Calculation of Scope of Work

6.3 Construction Plot Plan

6.3.1 Warehouse Design

6.3.2 Design of temporary buildings and structures

6.3.3 Construction Site Water Supply

6.3.5 Calculation of construction site power demand

6.4 Schedule

6.4.1 Labour Movement History

Technical operation of the building and

adjacent area

7.1 Building Maintenance and Operation System

7.2 Maintenance and operation of the main structural elements of the building

7.2.1 Maintenance and operation

external walls

7.2.2 Maintenance and operation

coverings

7.2.3 Maintenance and operation of floors

7.2.4 Maintenance and operation of facades

7.3 Maintenance and maintenance of building premises

7.3.1 Maintenance and maintenance of apartments

7.3.2 Maintenance and maintenance of basements

7.3.3 Maintenance and maintenance of staircases

7.3.4 Maintenance and maintenance of attics

7.3.5 List of works on sanitary maintenance of the building

7.4 Maintenance and operation of building engineering systems

7.4.1 Maintenance and operation of cold and hot water supply systems

7.4.2 Maintenance and operation of sewage systems

7.4.3 Maintenance and operation of heating systems

7.4.4 Maintenance and operation of ventilation systems

7.4.4 Maintenance and operation of electrical equipment systems

7.4.4 Maintenance and operation of gas supply systems

7.5 Automation and dispatching of engineering equipment management

7.8 Operation of adjacent area

8 Economic section

8.1 Explanatory note to the estimate documentation

8.2 Local Estimate Calculation No.

8.3 Local Estimate No.

8.4 Local Estimate No.

8.5 Object Estimate

8.6 Summary - estimated calculation

8.7 Technical - Economic Indicators

9 Safety of life

Introduction

9.1 Organization of Occupational Health and Sanitation

9.2 Organization of labor protection at the construction site

6.3 Measures to protect against electrotraumatism

9.4 Safety measures during operation of construction machines

9.5 Forest and scaffold safety measures

9.6 Basic safety measures during construction and installation works

9.7 Safety measures during painting operations

9.8 Fire prevention measures in construction

9.9 Safety measures during roofing operations

9.10 Safety during concrete works

9.11 Environmental protection

Bibliographic list

Introduction

Since the French architect François Mansard first used the attic space under the pitched roof for residential and economic purposes in 1630, the word "attic" has firmly become common among Europeans. For quite some time, mansards were housing for the poorest segments of the population, who suffered from the cold in winter, and from the heat in summer. And only with the phenomenon of new building ideas and technologies did it become possible to maintain comfortable conditions in attic rooms, regardless of the temperature on the street. That's when the attics became a favorite way to expand living space even among the wealthiest segments of the population .

The situation in Russia at the turn of the 21st century in the field of capital construction and housing and communal services is characterized by a number of negative phenomena, namely :

acute housing shortages, especially for social purposes for low-income citizens;

unsatisfactory condition of housing, social, engineering and transport infrastructure;

exorbitant operating costs in housing and communal services and social services;

Issues of preservation of housing stock and rational use of energy resources are particularly acute. In the energy balance of the country, up to 40% of energy resources are spent on energy supply of buildings and structures. In the regions of Siberia and the Far North, this figure is more than 50%.

The volume of housing construction today in Russia is 45-50 million m2, which is a little more than 2% of the operating housing stock. Therefore, energy savings due to tightening the standards of construction heat and equipment in housing construction in the next 10 years will not exceed 5% [1].

Based on the above, it can be concluded that in order to obtain real and tangible results on energy saving, the main attention must be paid to the preservation, reconstruction, modernization and overhaul of housing stock and its energy efficiency.

For Russia, with the beginning of market reforms, the conversion to residential and office premises of unused attics has become a very popular way to expand the areas used at a relatively low material cost.

In this diploma project, the reconstruction of the 4-story dormitory building for a residential building in Orel is carried out, including the superstructure of 1 standard floor and attic floor, redevelopment of premises, the construction of public premises on the ground floor, as well as the replacement of water supply, sewerage and heat supply networks.

1.2 Master Plan and Landscaping

The reconstruction site of the dormitory building is located on the street. Chelyuskintsev, in the Kirovsky district of Astrakhan.

In the northern part of the site there is a sports ground, a quiet recreation ground, household playgrounds. On the southern side of the reconstruction section - a category II roadway runs, having a connection with ul. Kirov, st. Baer and the embankment on May 1 (category I roads that have access to the federal highway). In the western part of the site is a parking lot.

The terrain of the site is relatively calm, there are no hazardous natural processes at the site, in accordance with SNiP 220195. Drainage along the site is provided.

The area of ​ ​ the allotted area is 0.2975 ha.

Engineering networks were laid along the construction site: water supply, farm. faecal sewerage, heating line, electric cables, and low-current networks.

The building on the general plan is located in accordance with fire regulations. It is possible to drive fire engines along paved driveways, which meets the requirements of fire regulations.

Reconstruction of the building includes improvement issues. The main drawback of the layout of microdistricts built up in the 1950-60s is the absence of house plots, which during the construction were not considered as a system of courtyards. Therefore, in existing non-large territories, it is necessary:

To select separate areas of active and passive rest;

find locations for management sites;

organize platforms for individual vehicles.

To ensure normal operating conditions, the necessary entrances and approaches are available to the building. The coverage of the driveways is very worn out, a significant part of the coatings is absent.

Garbage collection is carried out in garbage collection containers on a special site. Waste removal system - export, tank system (non-replaceable dishes). Existing containers do not meet the co-temporary requirements, the coating of the site is worn out and requires replacement .

Covering of single-layer asphalt concrete passages, platforms and footpaths - sifting of sand. The equipment of the sites was partially destroyed, the paint coatings were peeled off. Covering sites and driveways requires replacement .

The reconstruction project provides for the construction of pavements made of asphalt concrete, footpaths by paving a pavement slab. On the house territory, household sites are designed:

1. The site for MSW collection is made of reinforced concrete in factory conditions, the walls and the base are a single, integral structure, equipped with 3 metal tanks (according to the number of entrances), with a capacity of 300 liters each, along the perimeter the site is enclosed by a fence of prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs.

2. The site for drying laundry, the coating is asphalt concrete, equipped with metal posts with wire stretched between them.

3. Children's playground - covering 30% paving tiles, 70% of ha-zones. It is equipped with benches, urns, a table for board games under a canopy such as a "fungus," a sandbox, turrets of three types in height, a rolling slide, a swing, and a vertical wall for lasagna. The designs of gaming devices are metal, using coatings of formation-masses and wood.

4. Adult recreation area, pavement - paving tiles, equipped with benches, urns, table for board games with a canopy like "fungus." A living hedge of shrubs is arranged around the perimeter.

5. Sports ground, asphalt concrete pavement, equipped with equipment for basketball and volleyball games. A fence of steel structures is arranged along the perimeter.

6. Site for temporary storage of cars for 10 cars, pavement - asphalt concrete.

1.3 Characteristics of functional diagram of the reconstructed building

The reconstructed building for its functional purpose is a dormitory. The planning structure is corridor. Entrance to the residential part of the building is through staircases isolated from the non-residential part of the building. When leaving the staircases, we also get into the corridor stretching in the middle part of the building in the direction of the long side, from which movements are made in the section. The sections are three-room. In sections, exits to the rooms are preceded by an entrance hall. Rectangular shaped rooms. Sanitary and technical hubs, kitchens, storage rooms - public use 2 per floor.

The basement and first floors are distinguished by their functional purpose from the total volume of the building. Here you can distinguish a group of office premises, as well as a group of rooms designed for maintenance, both office premises and services for people living in the building, such as electrical panels, a storage room for things, and household premises .

1.4 Space Planning Solution

A visual survey of the existing building revealed the following:

Existing building with load-bearing walls made of full ceramic brick M 75 on cement sand mortar M 75.

The spatial rigidity and stability of the building are provided by walls of complex construction and rigid slab disks.

Foundations - tape made of prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs and wall concrete blocks - are made in accordance with the design of this residential building.

The reconstructed building is brick, 4-story with a basement and a cold attic. In accordance with SNiP 210197 * "Fire safety of buildings and structures":

Building Responsibility Level - II

Degree of fire resistance - I

Functional fire hazard class - F 1.3

Structural fire hazard class - CO

The building in the plan has a rectangular shape,

overall dimensions-54.21 x 14.00 14.000 m high (4 floors).

The roof is flat, roll, with an organized external drain.

Under the building there is a basement with a height of 2.7, used as an underground.

Vertical communication is carried out through 2 staircases that lead to the cold attic.

The residential part is located from the 1st to the 4th floor. On each floor there are 3 residential sections of 4 rooms, bathrooms and kitchens common. On the ground floor there are 2 residential sections. On the floors there are 2 lounges, 2 kitchens and 3 bathrooms. On the ground floor there are: a library, administration rooms, a shield and a storage chamber for personal belongings. On the second and subsequent floors in the rest rooms of the loggia with an area of ​ ​ 7.6 m2.

For the reference elevation 0.000, the mark of the clean floor of the 1st eta, which corresponds to the mark 132.00, is adopted.

The reconstruction consists of:

1. In the superstructure of 1ethage and attic.

2. Redevelopment of dormitory rooms into apartments for family settlement.

3. The roof is sloping, with an organized drain.

4. Stairs are two-march, reinforced concrete with support on staircases. Staircases have natural and artificial lighting.

5. doors are wooden.

6. Windows - metal plastic, glazing - fiberglass.

The first floor of the building is allocated for retail premises. Three magazines with separate entrances/exits are equipped.

Apartments of the fifth floor are designed two-level. Vertical communication in two-level apartments is carried out by spiral stairs.

The number of apartments after reconstruction is 24 units, including:

- three-room apartments of the first type - 6 units. Living area -44.53m2 /

total - 83.29m2

- three-room apartments of the second type - 6 units 53.77/117.75

- four-room apartments of the first type - 6 units 58.69/93.77

- four-room apartments of the second type - 2 units. 118.02/189.73

- five-room apartments of the first type - 2 units. 164.96/206.43

- five-room apartments of the second type - 2 units. 180.16/246.69

At the same time, the total area of ​ ​ apartments:

- 3-room apartments - 1796.04 m2,

- 4-room apartments - 1206.26 m2,

- 5-room apartments - 1596.4 m2,

All living rooms are illuminated by natural light in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents.

Kitchens are equipped with natural exhaust ventilation, washes, gas stoves.

1.5 Design Solution

Building structures are designed for a standard snow load of 1.2 kPa, for load from own weight and payloads in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents.

The structural diagram of the buildings represents a system of longitudinal and continuous load-bearing brick walls. The spatial rigidity of the building is ensured by the joint operation of longitudinal and transverse walls with rigid slab disks. The external walls are brick, insulated by slabs of polystyrene foam PSBS25. GOST 1558886 followed by plaster and painting.

External and internal walls shall be made of ordinary clay brick M 100 as per GOST 53080 on solution M 50. Masonry is single-row, with chain dressing of seams. Category of a bricklaying to the I in resilience seismic influences of R180kPa.

Partitions shall be made of ordinary clay brick M 75 on solution M 75.

Along the perimeter of the building, concrete paving with thickness of 50 mm, width of 1000 mm, along the crushed stone base with thickness of 150 mm.

Coating of metal slab roof.

Facade decoration - plaster in a grid with subsequent painting with facade paints.

The basement is provided for facing with tiles of ceramic granite.

1.6 Heat Engineering Calculation of Building Enclosing Structures

1.6.1 Building Thermal Protection Design Baselines

Reconstruction district: Astrakhan region, Astrakhan.

The calculated ambient temperature ° C is the average temperature-tour of the coldest five-day period with a security of 0.92, according to SNiP 23012003 for the corresponding settlement, is: 23 ° С.

Object class: Residential, school or other public buildings.

The duration of the heating period for a given object class is 167 days.

The average ambient temperature for a given class of object according to [2] is ° C. 1,2 °C

Humidity mode of rooms in cold season: normal.

Facility operating conditions in humidity area: A

Indoor humidity: 55%.

Internal air temperature: = + 20 ° С.