PWP of external utilities, sewerage and water supply

Organizational flow chart defining the construction sequence

Year-round execution of construction and installation works by the Contracting Organization using Subcontractors is accepted.

Integrated mechanization of construction and installation works using mechanisms in one extended shift is adopted.

Supply of construction structures, materials and products is provided by Contractor-executors with their delivery by road.

The project provides for the work to be carried out in a fully equipped and planned territory and put into operation with all types of improvement provided for by the design and estimate documentation.

During construction it is necessary to organize control and acceptance of incoming structures, parts and materials.

The organizational and technological diagram of the construction of the facility determines the optimal sequence of work with indication of the technological sequence and is developed according to the provisions of the SNiP chapters.

The complex of main construction and installation works includes the following technological stages:

1 stage - site arrangement;

Stage 2 - earthworks;

stage 3 - laying of external networks;

stage 4 - arrangement of wells;

Stage 5 - installation of equipment, fittings and shaped parts;

stage 6 - hydraulic tests;

stage 7 - backfilling of trenches with compaction;

Instructions on how to implement instrumental construction quality control

Production quality control shall include incoming control of design and estimate documentation, structures, products, materials and semi-finished products; operational control of individual construction processes or production operations and acceptance control of construction and installation works. At all stages of construction, in order to verify the effectiveness of the previously carried out production control, inspection control should be selectively carried out by special services or commissions specially created for this purpose.

Based on the results of production and inspection quality control of CIW, measures should be developed to eliminate the identified defects. During inspection and acceptance of works the following are checked:

-conformance of applied materials, products and structures to requirements

design, GOST, SNiP, TS;

-conformance of the composition and scope of works performed to the project;

-the degree of compliance of controlled physicomechanical, geometric and

other indicators to the requirements of the project;

- timeliness and correctness of production documentation;

elimination of deficiencies noted in work logs during monitoring and supervision

performance of construction and installation works.

Geodetic instrumental control is carried out in accordance with section 4 of SNiP 3.01.0384 "Geodetic work in construction," GOST 2226876 "Geodesy. Terms and Definitions "and GOST 2484681" Soils. Methods of measuring deformations of buildings and structures. " It is performed when:

-create geodetic basis for construction (performed

by the Customer);

- development works during the construction period (performed by the General Contractor);

-control accuracy of geometric parameters of the object under construction.

Qualified specialists, necessary instruments and equipment are used to perform geodetic works and timely control over construction. Measuring instruments (theodolites, levelers, roulettes) shall be necessary for performance of accuracy works and certified according to the established procedure. Geodetic instruments shall be checked and adjusted before commencing work.

Geodetic layout points are fixed with permanent and temporary signs. Permanent signs are laid for the entire period of construction and installation work. Temporary - by stage of work.

The planned basis is created by methods of triangulation, trilateration, polygonometry of the construction network and their combinations. The height base is created by geometric leveling.

To fix points of the geodetic layout, the types of signs provided for by SNiP 3.01.0384 should be used, specifying in the design the depth and design of the axle attachment signs, as well as observing the following requirements:

- permanent signs used as reference for recovery and development

geodetic basis, shall be protected by reliable barriers;

-grunt characters should be placed outside the zones of influence of processes,

adverse for the stability and preservation of signs, wall signs

should be embedded in capital structures;

-types and technique of signs execution must correspond to accuracy

geodetic basis.

The top of the signs shall be marked with regard to the vertical layout design. The doors of the main laying axes are fixed on the cover and on the ground laying signs.

Measurement accuracy during geodetic works is accepted in accordance with SNiP 3.01.0384.

Breakdown of network alignments

During the arrangement of pits, trenches, the following set of geodetic works shall be performed:

- unfolding and fixation in kind of pit contours, trench;

- leveling of the day surface within the contour of the pit, trench;

- transfer of laying axes and elevations to the bottom of the pit, trench;

- periodic as-built surveys to count mass haul volumes;

final planned and high-altitude as-built survey of open pit, trench.

Detailed geodetic constructions shall consist in construction of installation hairlines fixing planned and high-altitude design position of load-bearing elements.

During the production of detailed geodetic constructions, control measurements must be made that ensure a reliable assessment of the accuracy of the structure device in accordance with SNiP 3.01.0384.

Before starting excavation, network routes on the ground are broken. The position of the axes of the routes is firmly fixed with signs that ensure the possibility of quick and accurate work. Route splitting shall be performed in compliance with the following requirements:

- temporary fiducials must be set along alignments

leveling moves with constant reverses;

- layout axes and vertices of route rotation angles must be fixed and

attached to permanent objects on the ground (buildings, structures, line supports

power transmission or communication, etc.) or to pillars installed on the route;

- intersections of routes of routed networks with existing underground

structures must be marked on the surface of the earth with special signs;

well locations should be marked with columns installed in

side of the route; on the columns, the number of the well and the distance from it to the axis are written;

The breakdown of the routes shall be drawn up by an act with the attachment of a list of fiducials,

angles of rotations and references.

The representatives of the construction organization and the Owner shall jointly witness the working breakdown of the structures (trenches and pits) performed by the Contractor before the start of earthworks, establish its compliance with the design documentation and draw up an act with the attached diagrams of breakdown and binding to the control geodetic network.

During earthworks, the construction organization shall ensure the preservation of all survey and geodetic signs.

To divide the routes of the networks by profile, skewers with fixed sights are used, installed at the locations of the wells and at the vertices of the angles of rotation. The length of the running sighting is taken as a multiple of 0.5 m for ease of sighting; length of fixed sighting is taken depending on received length of running sighting. A nail is clogged on the upper rib of the sheath strictly along the axis, which serves to hang the pipeline axis and to determine the center of the well.

Earthworks, waterfall

All earthworks shall be performed in accordance with the rules for the production and acceptance of works specified in SNiP 3.02.0187 "Earthworks, Foundations and Foundations."

Before starting earthworks, it is necessary to call representatives of interested services and owners of utilities in order to determine the actual location of networks and agree on methods of work. If there are a number of active cables, perform earthworks under the direct supervision of ITR. If communications not specified in the project are detected, the excavation works shall be stopped and the representatives of the customer and the designer shall be called to the place.

Along the shifted sections of networks and newly laid routes, a vegetal layer of soil with a thickness of about 20... 25 cm is cut (the thickness of the removed layer of soil is specified by coordination with the land user). Ground cutting is carried out using a bulldozer. The vegetation soil is stored in temporary dumps for further use in strengthening the slopes of the earth bed.

Trenches are developed by an excavator reverse shovel with a ladle capacity of 0.8 m3. Development of the trench is carried out after drilling of UGB50 wells along the design outline of the trench through 1.0... 2.5 m and installation of metal pipes 0168x8mm, 0 219x8 mm and 0273x8mm in them for attachment of the trench side with a wooden intake with a thickness of at least 40 mm. Upon completion of works on mains transfer and backfilling, attachment structures are removed.

According to engineering and geological surveys, the developed soil is divided into two categories: 60% of the volume - wet soil; 40% - dry. As a result, the spent wet soil is loaded onto the dump trucks and taken to the MSW landfill.

Dry soil is folded on the brow of pits for later use in backfilling trenches.

During work, it is forbidden to store soil on the roadway of streets, sidewalks, groomed lawns.

During works execution, the following is not allowed:

- filling with soil of manholes of wells and chambers, screens of rainwater wells, trays of road surfaces, green spaces, as well as storage

materials and structures on lawns, on the routes of existing underground communications, in

protection zones of gas pipelines, heating lines, power lines and communication lines;

- pushing soil from pit, trench, road trough outside

red lines of neighborhoods, boundaries of construction sites.

In the event of an influx of groundwater, it is necessary to organize an open drainage from the trench (from the sump into which water enters the spillway). Pump water out by pumps, discharge water towards lowering of earth surface slope.

Excavation work on the development of pits and trenches during the laying of utility networks should be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of sections of VSN 3896 "Instructions for earthworks at housing and civil construction carried out by Glavmosstroy organizations," as well as "Instructions for earthworks and installation of pipelines from various materials of external water supply and sewerage systems."

If it is necessary to work people in trenches, the smallest distance in the light between the side surface of the structure and the attachment boards should be at least 0.7 m.

Tongue fasteners are arranged in soils saturated with water. Plank connections with these attachments create a waterproof wall. Tongue piles are clogged to a depth of at least 0.75 m before the trench is dug.

The walls of trenches and pits shall be fixed in accordance with the current specifications, construction codes and regulations. The attachment strength should be checked periodically.

The development of soil in trenches and pits when they cross all types of underground communications is allowed only if there is written permission of the organization operating these communications, and in the presence of responsible representatives of the construction organization and the organization operating underground communications.

When crossing trenches with existing underground communications, the development of soil by a mechanized method is allowed at a distance of not more than 2 m from the side wall and not more than 1 m above the top of the pipe, cable, etc.

The soil left after mechanized development is completed manually without the use of impact tools and with the adoption of measures that exclude the possibility of damage to these communications.

Each breaking point by laying of utility networks and structures is enclosed by a fence (boards) of the installed sample with red position lamps and is equipped.

typical road signs (on the roadway of streets and roads). In the evening and at night, the breaking places are illuminated.

Excavations in places where there is no traffic and heavy pedestrian traffic are indicated by an inventory fence with night lighting (in the absence of outdoor lighting).

In order to preserve underground communications, the works manufacturer shall:

- Pit underground communications on instructions and in the presence of the owner;

-integrate to the drivers of construction machines the scheme of work execution in a mechanized way and indicate on the site the boundaries of work and the location of underground communications, the safety of which should be ensured.

The official responsible for earthworks and construction works shall be at the construction site at all times.

Responsibility for damage to existing underground structures and communications lies with organizations performing earthworks and construction and installation works, as well as officials responsible for the performance of these works at the facility. Organizations guilty of damage to engineering structures and communications are obliged to compensate the operating organization for the damage caused.

Excavation works in the immediate vicinity of existing utilities and intersections with them are carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.02.0187 "Earth structures, bases and foundations," PPR and regulatory documents of operational organizations. These works are carried out under the supervision of the manufacturer of the works, for which the permit is issued, as well as representatives of the technical supervision of the customer and operational services, which on the spot determine the boundaries of soil development manually.

The use of earth-moving mechanisms, impact tools (crowns, bricks, wedges, pneumatic tools, etc.) near existing underground utilities and structures is prohibited. When developing trenches and pits, opened underground structures and communications are protected by a special box and suspended.

Opening of asphalt pavement of the roadway and sidewalks is carried out within the boundaries and volumes of the trench to be torn off, provided for by the project and the permit for rupture.

Disassembled asphalt pavement (chipping) shall be removed during the working day. Storage of asphalt chips for a period of more than 1 day is not allowed.

To pass workers through trenches and pits, inventory bridges are installed. Pedestrian bridges must be at least 0.8 wide and have a railing 1 m high.

After completion of all construction and installation works, before filling of trenches and pits, dismantling of fasteners, pedestrian bridges, drainage trays, fences, suspensions and water lowering devices is performed. Where complete disassembly of the anchorages is dangerous and may result in collapse of the trench or pit walls, some of the anchorages should be left in the ground. The sequence of disassembly of trenches and pits fasteners is reversed to their installation: disassembly is carried out from bottom to top, as it is filled. Removed spacers, boards should be carefully folded aside so that they do not interfere with the filling of trenches and pits and the layout of the ground surface.

Before filling trenches and pits, an act for hidden work must be drawn up.

Perform backfilling carefully so as not to disturb building structures or opened underground structures and communications. In aquifer soils, backfilling begins from the upper sections of the route.

To prevent precipitation, the soil after backfilling must be well compacted.

Planning of trenches and pits filling places is performed up to the elevations specified by the design.