Operation of industrial equipment "Throttle regulating DRP"

1. Introduction

Currently, our country is in such a situation that the development of industry is the highest priority of all tasks. In order for Russia to occupy a solid place among the world's leading powers, it must have a developed sphere of industrial production, which must be based not only on the restoration of Soviet-based plants, but also on new, more modernly equipped enterprises.

Today, when the competitive market forces manufacturers to move to the highest quality and cheapest products, it is especially important to evaluate all aspects of the production, distribution and consumption of a product at the stage of its development in order to avoid inefficient use of enterprise resources .

Considerable attention should be paid to the technical re-equipment of production, maximum use of the capabilities of equipment, integrated mechanization and automation of technological processes, improving its culture and environmental friendliness.

Today, the world encompasses industrial equipment, which greatly facilitates the life of all mankind. Industrial equipment is divided into different types and categories. One of them is a control throttle.

Adjustable throttles are used in hydraulic drives to control the speed of hydraulic motors, due to a change in the throttle flow section, and, as a result, a change in the pressure difference on the hydraulic resistance.

The implementation of the course project is an independent creative work to solve a complex engineering problem. The knowledge and experience gained in the execution of this project is the basis for performing the degree design. At the same time, work on the course project prepares for solving more complex tasks of a general technical nature, with which the future engineer will meet in his practical activities after graduation. The starting document for the design is the SOW. The data presented in the specification determine the design dimensions of the designed machine.

Purpose and operation of this equipment

Control of process mode of well operation (flow rate) is performed by creation of back pressure at the mouth. For this purpose, control devices are installed on flow lines after shutoff devices, which provide flow throttling due to change of flow section area. It is impossible to adjust the flow rate with gate valves, since due to the presence of sand in the product, the shutoff devices of the gate valves (dies) are rapidly worn out and they fail. Therefore, the operating positions of the valves are either fully open or completely closed.

Throttles (angular connectors) are designed for smooth regulation of operation mode of oil, gas and gas condensate wells. Throttle controlled DRP is installed in fountain valves, throttling units of manifolds of BOP equipment and is intended for smooth control of operation mode of oil and gas wells, which is carried out by throttling of working medium flow by changing the area of annular passage between conical surface of tip and cylindrical surface of nozzle. The degree of change in the area of the annular section is determined visually by a pointer with divisions indicating the diameter of the through hole in millimeters equivalent to the corresponding area of ​ ​ this section.

Adjustable wellhead throttle, the base of which is a metal rod with calibrated holes. The rod is sealed on both sides by special clamping devices. The check box on the rod indicates the diameter of the nozzle currently in use. To change the flow rate of the well, the rod is interrupted by the required diameter without stopping the well. The advantage of adjustable nozzles is a minimum of time and effort to change the operating mode.

Flow of working medium is throttled by changing the area of annular gap between needle and seat due to translational movement of needle during steering wheel rotation. Throttles controlled by DRP with manual control allow for smooth control of the well operation mode.

Device and application of this equipment

Throttle controlled DRP is one of the most important components of the fountain valves, which serves as a nozzle device for regulating the flow of fluid of the wellhead and pressure valves, in manifolds, in air defense equipment during drilling.

The design of the adjustable throttle DRP is simple. Flow control is carried out by changing the flow section of the seat when lowering or lifting the needle when moving the rod along the trapezoidal thread.

Design of adjustable throttle has:

a wear-resistant needle in operation with a wear-resistant seat as a part of the assembly, which makes it possible to smoothly control the flow rate of the working medium;

A housing that has two passageways;

Cuff;

Washer;

Needle body;

Package of seals;

Handle;

Maslenka;

Injector;

Plug.

For reliable operation of adjustable angular throttle, responsible parts are made of tool and corrosion-resistant materials.

Hole in throttle is made depending on specified mode of well operation. Throttles of DRP are installed on flow lines behind side gate valves (cranes) of fountain tree. Usually, a coil is placed behind the valve (valve) on the discharge, and a throttle is next to it. Behind the throttle is an 11.2 m long nozzle made of a thick-walled 102 or 146 mm drill pipe and having flanges at both ends.

Adjustable wellhead resistance in the union chamber of the oil and gas well valves (adjustable throttle). It will allow to quickly change and control the wellhead resistance without stopping the well. Split bushing, bushing with incisions are inserted into housing of chamber block and fixing bushing is screwed in. A cutoff disk on the rod is inserted into the split bushing, the rod is screwed into a threaded hole in the head of the block. With axial movement of the rod, the area of the joint slot changes.

The wellhead resistance (throttle) is installed both on the plug and on the manifold. Throttle installed on manifold limits flow rate of formation fluid discharged into oil collector and brings it into compliance with fluid inflow from oil-bearing formation. Thus, the level of liquid in the annulus is stabilized.

When the throttle is installed on the plug, a certain pressure is created in the annulus, mainly to remove the degassing point from the formation and raise it above the receiving grid of the electric centrifugal pump. This achieves a more stable operation of the ECP

During operation of the well resistances on the annulus and manifold are periodically changed to maintain optimal operation of the well.

Wellhead adjustable nozzles according to their technical characteristics are suitable for the usual and reverse type of the system, they are very strong, reliable and easily withstand standard loads, as well as increased ones arising in force majeure situations .