Multi-storey production building of electrical industry in Samare.- Architecture

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Space Planning Solution

3. Constructive solution:

3.1 Building frame

3.2 Crane beams

3.3 Walls

3.4 Floors

3.5 Coating

3.6 Canopy

4. Calculation of administrative and domestic premises

5. Heat Engineering Calculation:

6. Calculation of Space Natural Light

7. Technical and economic indicators

8. Explication of the premises of the administrative house building

9. List of used literature

1. Introduction

An industrial enterprise is a combination of tools and means of production of buildings, structures and other material funds used for the production of any product. Production buildings belong to the main funds of the relevant industry and are designed to accommodate production in them, providing the necessary conditions for the production process and the environment for normal human work.

Industrial construction is the field of construction engaged in the creation of fixed assets of industry, including the implementation of a complex of construction and installation works related to the introduction of new, expansion and modernization of existing industrial enterprises.

The huge scale of construction and reconstruction of industrial enterprises requires the rapid development and improvement of construction equipment, the creation of progressive types of production buildings, an increase in the production of construction materials, a decrease in cost, a reduction in the construction time, an increase in labor productivity, an improvement in the quality of construction and its further industrialization. The faster economical production buildings are put into operation, the greater the amount of construction can be at the same monetary cost.

Improving the quality of construction and architectural solutions of industrial buildings is also of great economic importance, as it increases the life of buildings and reduces the cost of their operation and repair.

Currently, research and design organizations are working hard to further improve the space-planning and structural solutions of production buildings and methods of their construction.

An important place is the construction of production buildings according to progressive standard projects, which take into account the principles of co-operation and blocking of main and auxiliary industries, typification and unification of volumetric planning and design solutions.

The maximum blocking of workshops allows you to get a rational layout of master plans, significantly reduce one-time and operating costs.

The use of an enlarged column grid, the placement of production plants in single-story buildings of continuous development, the removal of some technical equipment to open areas contributes to increasing the technological flexibility of the building, improves working conditions of workers, reduces the cost of construction .

2. Space Planning Solution

Three-story production building of the electrical industry in Samara. Designed on assignment. The frame of the building consists of a number of multi-tiered frames with rigid nodes. In transverse direction, frame units form joints of girders with columns, which are carried out by means of bath welding of reinforcement outlets, welding of embedded parts of column and girder and freezing of the whole unit. In the longitudinal direction, the stability of the building is provided by steel bonds installed in the middle of each temperature block (in this case, block one) for each longitudinal row of columns. The column reference to the longitudinal layout axes is zero.

The grid of the columns 6x9 and 6x18 m, the length of the building is 72 m, the width is 18 m, the height of the first, second and third floors, respectively, is 6m, 4.8 m and 8.4 m. The coating is made of ribbed plates of rectangular section measuring 6x3 m, falling on the shelves of the girders.

The administrative building is located in an extension adjacent to the end wall of the production building. It has three floors 3.3 m high each, a column grid 6x6 m and dimensions 18x60 m.

3. Constructive solution.

3.1 Building framework.

The designed building has a reinforced concrete prefabricated beam frame. Beam frames are valuable in that they give buildings greater spatial rigidity. They are formed from:

- foundations and foundation beams;

- columns, girders and floor slabs;

- steel bonds.

Foundations and foundation beams.

The frame columns are supported by separate monolithic reinforced concrete foundations consisting of a cup-type undercarriage and a three-stage slab part. The cut of the foundation is located at an elevation of 0.15 m.

When opening the base, the solid soil directly accepting the load is leveled and covered with concrete preparation 100 mm thick from 50 grade concrete. The foundation floor lies on the concrete preparation.

Height of steps of plate part is equal to 300 mm. The section area of the underbelts is taken equal to 1200x1200 mm. The cross-sectional area of the sole is taken equal to 2700x1800 mm.

Clearance between faces of columns and walls of sleeve is taken along top 75 mm and bottom 50 mm, and between bottom of columns and bottom of sleeve 50 mm. A small slope of the glass simplifies the decay. The wall thickness of the cup along the top is 175 mm. Pouring of cups after installation of columns is performed with concrete of grade 200. Embedded elements in places of support consist of steel sheet with anchor bolts passed through it.

Foundations are reinforced with typical rebar grids and flat frames. Meshes flat frames are made from reinforcement of periodic profile.

To support the foundation beams, tides are arranged with a section area of ​ ​ 0, 3x0.6 with a trim at an elevation of 0.45 m.

Foundation beams have a trapezoidal section with a surface width of 300 mm and a height of 300 mm. The top of the foundation beams is located 30 mm below the level of the clean floor, installing them on gravy made of cement sand mortar.

Columns, girders, and slabs.

To reduce the number of mounting units and increase the reliability of the frame, columns with a height of two floors with a section area of ​ ​ 600x400 mm are taken as the main type; columns with a height of 600x400 mm are also used (for the upper floor). All consoles have the same takeaway. For the convenience of installation work, the joints of the columns are located 600 mm above the top of the floor slabs. Columns are installed on centering gaskets and connected to each other by means of straps welded to column heads, which form from corners and plates. Clearance between ends of columns is cut with solution, after which joint is concreted along grid. Columns are made of 200 grade concrete with working reinforcement made of hot-rolled steel of periodic profile.

Girders are adopted with a T-section. They have a width of 650 mm to support the plates (girder shelf 400 mm) and a height of 800 mm. Girders are supported on the columns cantilever: they are laid on the column consoles and connected to them by welding of embedded elements and reinforcement outlets with subsequent freezing of joints.

Slabs are ribbed with a width of 3 m. The height of the ribbed slabs is 400 mm, and the length is 5650 mm and they are laid on the shelves of the girders.

Scaffolding columns.

In addition to the main columns, the building provides for reinforced concrete fachworks

columns with a section area of ​ ​ 300x300 mm, installed at the ends of the building, and steel framing columns made of steel rolling profiles between the main columns of extreme transverse rows at a step of 9 m and the length of wall panels of 6 m. Framing columns are designed to attach walls. They partially perceive the mass of walls and wind loads.

Fachwerk columns are connected to foundations and plate of coating on hinges. The columns are fixed to the foundations with anchor bolts. Upper columns of end fuselage are fixed to rafter structures.

Steel bonds.

To increase the stability of the building in the longitudinal direction, portal-type vertical links located in each row of columns are provided. Row columns are connected to connected columns by spacers and crane beams.

3.2 Crane beams.

Since a bridge crane with a lifting capacity of 10 tons is provided on the upper floor, we use reinforced concrete crane beams of taurus section. The beam developed by the width of the shelf serves to strengthen the compressed zone; it receives transverse horizontal crane loads, and also simplifies the attachment of crane rails. The height of the beams is taken to be 800 mm, the width of the shelves is 550 mm.

The beams are attached to the columns by welding of embedded elements and anchor bolts. Nuts of anchor bolts are welded after alignment of beams. Rails with crane beams are connected by steel legs arranged after 750 mm. To reduce dynamic effects on beams and reduce noise of moving cranes, elastic gaskets made of rubberized fabric with thickness of 10 mm are laid under rails.

3.3 Walls.

The walls of the building are made of hinged reinforced concrete three-layer panels 300 mm thick. The three-layer panel consists of reinforced concrete layers crimping the inner layer of polystyrene foam. The inner layer of reinforced concrete - 100 mm - bearing - perceives its own wall mass and wind loads. The outer layer of reinforced concrete - 80 mm - enclosing - protects the polystyrene foam from atmospheric effects.

Suspension of panel to frame is performed on flexible fasteners. They consist of a spring chamber pressed into the polystyrene foam, a tie bolt and a shaped washer. The clammer rests against the supporting layer of reinforced concrete and is pulled up by a bolt to the column. Required clearance between three-layer panel and column flange is fixed by shaped washer gripping the flange.

The seams between the panels are filled: in the middle - with inserts from semi-rigid mineral wool plates, at the edges - with gaskets from a hernite cord on a waterproof mastic and glued in the room with a strip of polyethylene. Gaps between panels and columns are also sealed with gaskets made of hernitic cord on waterproof mastic.

The panels are laid out so that one of the horizontal seams is located 0.6 m below the top of the columns. This seam separates the panels attached to the columns and coating structures.

3.4 Floors.

When designing floors, it is necessary to take into account the nature of production, to determine the effects that will be tested during the production process. Floors shall meet the required strength, safety of movement on them and other requirements. The main structural elements of the floors are:

1) coating - the upper element of the floor, which directly perceives all operational effects;

2) the underlying layer - a floor element on the ground that distributes loads along the base;

3) interlayer - intermediate layer, which binds coating to underlying element or serves for coating with elastic bed;

4) bracing - a layer forming a rigid or dense crust on non-rigid or porous floor elements;

5) waterproofing - prevents sewage and other liquids from penetrating through the floor to the base and penetrating into the ground water floor;

6) heat and sound insulation.

3.5 Covering of industrial building.

We use reinforced concrete ribbed slabs with a size of 6x3 m. Slabs

equipped with longitudinal ribs 0.3 m high, located after 0.5 m.

The roof is slightly inclined with a slope of 1%. Such a slope excludes mastic runoff, but

provides water flow to water receivers.

The base for the roof is a monolithic flooring made of ribbed reinforced concrete slabs. The ruberoid roof is composed of:

- protective layer of gravel with thickness of 25 mm, fraction of 10 mm, poured into bitumen mastic;

- four-layer water-insulating ruberoid carpet glued with roofing bitumen mastic heated to 160190 ° C;

- a protective layer of ruberoid glued to the polystyrene foam with a mastic heated to 110120 ° C;

- heat insulation layer of polystyrene foam plates 200 mm thick. The conjugation of the roof with the wall is solved in the form of a parapet with parapet panels protruding above the roof. Also, a lantern, internal drains, etc., protrudes above the roof.

The funnel and the internal drains connecting it to the sewer are cast from 100 mm diameter pipes from cast iron. The four main parts of the funnel are an enlarged branch pipe connected to the riser, a pressure ring, the funnel itself and a receiving cap with slot-like holes.

In places where gutters are installed, the main water insulation carpet is reinforced by two layers of ruberoid and a layer of glass fabric glued over it.

3.6 Canopy.

In this building, a light-aeration lamp 6 m wide, 60 m long with one tier of bindings 1.8 m high is designed, designed for ventilation of rooms and lighting of medium spans.

The lamp is a U-shaped superstructure above the opening in the roof. Vertical planes of lights above the side 0.6 m high from the roof level are filled with opening bindings. The flat roof is similar in design to the low-slope roof of the entire building. Access to the canopy roof - along the hinged steel ladder located at the end.

The main elements of the canopy frame are steel structures in the form of lantern trusses, lantern panels, end trusses-panels and lantern links. Lamp panels with bindings suspended on them form a light front. Their length corresponds to the pitch of rafter trusses, and their height corresponds to the number of tiers of bindings.

Light openings are limited from above by a binding channel, and from below - by a special bent profile of the canopy side. The pitch of the vertical posts is 3 m. The lantern truss is built over the rafter truss. It consists of an upper belt, struts and braces.

4. Calculation of administrative and domestic premises.

Source Data:

1. According to the design assignment, the number of workers:

- in the 1st shift: 200 men, 250 women;

- in the II shift: 200 men, 250 women.

Total: 400 men, 500 women.

2. When calculating the composition of domestic premises, take into account the following breakdown of workers by groups of production processes :

- Ia-40%;

- Ib-20%;

- Iv-30%;

- % IIIb-10.

3. Take ITR in the amount of 10% of the number of workers. 80% of ITR shall be provided with office premises at the rate of 4.0 m2 per person.

4. UPC (office personnel) - 4% of the number of workers. 80% UPC provide office space at 4.0 m2 per person.

5. MOS (junior maintenance personnel) 2% of the number of workers.

6. In accordance with SNiP 2.09.0487 * or "methodological instructions," the following premises shall also be located in the administrative building;

- Health and hygiene facilities for women;

- red corner or meeting room, office of trade union organizations.

7. In addition to the premises laid down in accordance with the standards, provide for:

- a room for eating with washing and cubes at a rate of 0.35 m2 per person working on the first shift;

- office of the head and chief engineer with reception area of 60 m2;

- 24 m2 safety room;

- a laboratory with an area of ​ ​ 30 m2.

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