Multi-storey monolithic office building - Diploma project

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION SECTION

1.1 ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTION

1.1.1 Gen. plan

1.1.2 Process Solutions

1.1.3 Space planning solutions

1.1.4 Comparison of options for volume-planning solutions

1.1.5 Vertical transport

1.2 Technical and economic indicators of the General Plan

1.3 Heat Engineering Calculation of the Outer Wall

1.4 Lighting Engineering Calculation

1.5 Calculation of evacuation time from the floor

1.6 Calculation of evacuation time by stairs

2. DESIGN SECTION

2.1.1 Structural solution of underground office center

2.1.2 Design solution of underground underground parking

2.2 Calculation of office structures

2.2.1 Collection of loads on slab

2.2.2 Collection of loads on the coating slab

2.2.3 Column calculation

2.2.4 Calculation of slab

3. SECTION OF CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGIES

3.1 CALCULATION OF STANDARD CONSTRUCTION DURATION

3.1.1 Preparatory period

3.1.2 Selection of construction cranes

3.1.3 Determination of nomenclature, volumes, labour intensity, machine capacity, and standard duration of construction

3.2 PROCESS INSTRUCTION FOR ERECTION OF CAST-IN-SITU REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES

3.2.1 Scope of application

3.2.2 Procedure and organization of works performance

3.2.3 List of process accessories, tools, equipment and accessories

3.3 CONSTRUCTION PLOT PLAN OF THE FACILITY

3.3.1 Calculation of temporary buildings area

3.3.2 Calculation of storage areas

3.3.3 Calculation of temporary water supply

3.3.4 Calculation of temporary power supply

3.3.5 Temporary roads

4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY SECTION

4.1 CONSTRUCTION CONDITIONS ANALYSIS

4.1.1 Architectural and structural solutions

4.1.2 Types of works performed

4.1.3 Hazards and hazards arising during construction

4.2 ENGINEERING MEASURES FOR SAFE EXECUTION OF WORKS

4.2.1 Earthworks

4.2.2 Formwork

4.2.3 Concrete works

4.2.4 Installation works

4.2.5 Roofing works

4.2.6 Arrangement and maintenance of workplaces

4.3 SOLUTION OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ENGINEERING TASKS

4.3.1 Task No.

4.3.2 Task No.

4.4 FIRE SAFETY

4.4.1 Automatic Fire Fighting System System

4.4.2 Automatic fire warning and evacuation control system

4.5 PROTECTION AGAINST HARMFUL PRODUCTION FACTORS

4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

5. FIRE SAFETY SECTION

5.1 FIRE PROTECTION OF HOTEL BUILDING

5.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BUILDING

5.3 FIRE RESISTANCE LIMITS

5.4 ESCAPE ROUTES

5.5 FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR VENTILATION, AIR CONDITIONING AND AIR HEATING SYSTEMS

5.6 FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SMOKE PROTECTION OF THE BUILDING

5.7 WATER SUPPLY

5.8 AUTOMATIC FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

5.9 AUTOMATIC FIRE WARNING AND EVACUATION CONTROL SYSTEM

5.10 FIRE SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION

5.11 FIRE HAZARDOUS WORKS

5.11.1 Painting works

5.11.2 Work with adhesives, mastic, bitumen, polymer and other combustible materials

5.11.3 Firing operations

5.11.4 Gas welding works

5.11.5 Electric welding works

6. ECOLOGY SECTION

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 WATER POLLUTION DURING CONSTRUCTION

6.3 SOIL PROTECTION AND LAND RECLAMATION

6.4 NOISES AND PROTECTION MEASURES AGAINST THEM

6.5 LANDSCAPING OF THE TERRITORY

CONCLUSION

LIST OF LITERATURE USED

APPLICATION

Introduction

The place of construction of the office building is Moscow. Moscow is a large metropolis, and as in many other urban megapolis, the growth of the population, vehicles, the need for office and retail premises with a shortage of space to solve the issues of their location and placement, as well as the arrangement of recreation places (parks, children's yard complexes, etc.) led to more and more construction of buildings with an elevated floor. Due to the multi-storey, on the building area, it will be possible to place a large area used by the customer for its own purposes. Namely, in an office building it is possible to place more offices.

Offices and business centers are one of the main segments of the commercial real estate market. Renting offices and premises is becoming more and more relevant not only for large companies, but also for small businesses, entrepreneurs, and various organizations .

Potential tenants of office space are companies that are not focused on customer flow: callcenters, firms engaged in ITtechnologies, as well as logistics structures, distributors and retailers. Of course, the center will remain highly attractive for all kinds of representative offices, service companies or companies specializing in premium goods and services.

A sufficient number of parking spaces should be provided in the office center and transport links should be provided so that employees without a car can easily get to the office. The office building presented in the project has an underground parking lot and parking with a sufficient parking lot. 100 meters from the office, there is a bus stop.

1.1 Architectural Solution

1.1.1. Master Plan

The construction site is located in the north-eastern part of Moscow, on Mir pr. The proposed building will be located on the right side of the avenue. The direction of traffic on the right side of the avenue is from the center.. On the northeast side is ul. Rostokinskaya, on the southeast - st. Bazhova.

The site is surrounded by a residential and commercial building. The facade of the building is located towards the North West, and overlooks Mira Ave .

1.1.2. technological solutions

Technological solutions of the project for the construction of an office center with an underground garage at Moscow, Mira Ave., in compliance with the requirements of the current norms and rules:

SNiP 2.08.0289 * "Public buildings and structures,"

SNiP 2.09.0487 * "Administrative and residential buildings ,"

SNiP 210299 "Parking,"

SanPin 2.2.4.54896 "Hygienic requirements to microclimate of production premises";

ONTP-01-91 "Norms of technological design of road transport enterprises"

An office center with an underground garage is envisaged for construction in the following composition:

- underground parking garage in axes 1a12 and AI3,

- office center located in axes 1-9 and A-I.

Office building:

The designed office building will have a frame structure. This will allow you to plan each office according to the specific wishes of the customer. The construction system is monolithic.

The office center is designed to accommodate the administrative services of various organizations (as a rule, these are companies that are not focused on customer flow: callcenters, firms engaged in ITtechnologies, as well as logistics structures, distributors and retailers). In addition to four escape stairs for employees and visitors to the office building, there are four elevators with spacious elevator halls. For ease of work, the building provides meeting rooms on all floors,, as well as conference rooms. To provide office staff with hot meals, a cafe is provided on the ground floor. There is also a wardrobe on the ground floor of the building.

You can assign class B to this office center. It meets all the classification criteria for this group of office buildings and business centers (the criteria are given in Appendix 1).

Service parking:

The project provides for the organization of closed-type service parking with a capacity of 116 cars intended for personal vehicles of employees of the office center.

The room of the parking (axes 1a12 and AI3) in the plan has sizes 63.9kh103.8m and occupies the total area of 4330 sq.m.

The parking lot has entry from Mira Ave., And exit to Rostokinskaya Street. On a one-way entrance ramp, cars come to the parking lot. A checkpoint is located at the entrance. Departure from the other world. At the exit there is also a ramp with one-way traffic. The parking lot has four evacuation stairs and access to the first floor of the office center.

The parking planning solution provides for a storage room for cars and technical premises.

In the storage room of cars, parking lots are not fenced off, the method of storing cars is arena, the dimensions of cars are 6.0x3.0 m. In the storage places, wheelbarrow devices are provided along the walls. The movement of cars is organized along internal driveways. The width of the carriageway in the narrowest place is 6.6 m.

The parameters of the parking areas and the width of the internal passageways provide the possibility of accommodating cars.

Parking building for explosion and fire hazard belongs to category B (NPB 1052003).

Evacuation exits are provided from each car storage room in accordance with the standards (SNiP 210197 *), the distance between exits is 42m.

Cars arriving at the parking lot come through the checkpoint, where the arrival of the car is recorded in the register, which is located at the guard.

Then the car is sent to the place attached to it.

When the car leaves, the fact of departure is recorded.

To monitor moving cars at the entrance and exit from the parking lot, viewing glasses are provided in the checkpoint room.

Parking floor cleaning - dry, mechanized, harvesting machines.

The total analysis of cars on the most busy days, in% of the total number of parking spaces - 80%.

1.1.3. space-planning solutions

The office building is divided into an underground parking lot located in axes 1a12 and AI3, and the office center itself located in axes 1-9 and A-I.

One of the parts of the center - office - is a 25th story building, with dimensions in axes 48.0 x 44.4 m.

Maximum elev. at an altitude of 97.265 m.

On the ground floor (elev. + -0.000) of the building there is an entrance group (lobby, wardrobe, security, stair lift unit), a cafe with a dining room with 120 seats, a kitchen and utility rooms, an electric shield and a ventilation chamber.

Floors from the second to the twenty-fifth are occupied by office space. There are also 2 conference rooms on each floor. The height of the floors is 3.6 m. The height of the first floor is 4.2 m.

Functional communication between floors is carried out by elevators, one of which is provided for transportation of fire departments (SNiP I0197 *).

Evacuation of people from each floor is provided by four stairs of the 1st type. All stairs are unnamed:

- 1st type - H2 (with output directly to the outside);

- 1st type - H3 (with exit to the outside through the lobby).

The second part of the complex is an underground parking garage.

Dimensions in axes 63, 9x103.8m, floor height 2.9 m.

Evacuation of people is carried out directly outside along one of the four stairs. Or one of the two stairs on the basement.

Access to the parking garage floor is provided by means of an open ramp with one-way traffic. Exit is also carried out along a ramp with one-way traffic.

The office center has a basement for technical purposes (at el. -3.900). Evacuation from the basement is carried out along four dispersed stairs with access directly to the outside.

Parking garage rooms - not heated.

Liability Class I.

Degree of fire resistance of the high-altitude part - I,

The degree of fire resistance of the low part is II.

Structural fire hazard class C-I.

Fire hazard of building structures - K0

2.1 constructive solution

The office center is divided into an underground parking lot located in axes 1a15 and AI3 and an office center located in axes 1-9 and A-I.

2.1.1. Office Center Design Solution

The structural solution of the center is a multi-storey building with beam-free floors. The spatial frame of the building is solved according to the frame scheme in both directions. Girders of multi-storey multi-span frames are a beam-free plate rigidly connected to columns. The mating of the plate with the column is capital-free.

The supports are columns with a section of 800x800 mm. The grid of columns is accepted 6.0 h6.0 by m.

The foundation is a foundation slab with a thickness of 900mm.

2.1.2. structural solution of underground parking garage

The design solution of the garage is a one-story building with beam-free floors. The spatial frame of the building is solved according to the frame scheme in both directions. Girders of single-storey multi-span frames are a beam-free plate rigidly connected to columns .

Internal supports are columns with a section of 400x400 mm. The column grid is accepted as 6.0x6.0 m.

The foundation for the underground garage is a foundation slab with a thickness of 300 mm. Reinforcing of a base plate separate cores class A400 fittings in the longitudinal and cross direction. Upper reinforcement is laid on spatial supporting frames. In places of greatest moments additional rods are laid. The pitch of the main reinforcement is adopted 200mm. Cross-shaped intersections of rods are bound by binding wire. The two extreme crossings of the rods along the perimeter must be tied in each node, the internal crossings of the rods are tied through the node in staggered order. Under the slab, preparation is arranged from concrete of class B3.5 with a thickness of 100mm. For connection with monolithic column and walls, reinforcement with section area equal to design section of column and wall reinforcement at upper surface of foundation slab is released from foundation slab. Concrete for foundation slab is accepted as class B15.

Monolithic columns are accepted with a section of 800x800 mm. The columns are reinforced with 28 separate rods by A400 class reinforcement, which corresponds to the maximum permissible distance between the rods of the working reinforcement in the columns. The working rods in the cross section of the column are placed possibly closer to the surface of the element with observance of the minimum thickness of the protective layer, which, at the request of standards, should be at least the diameter of the reinforcement rods and at least 20 mm.

Transverse rods are installed without calculation, but in compliance with the requirements of the norms. The distance between them (according to the condition of securing the longitudinal rods from lateral bulging during compression) should be not more than 15d, but not more than 500 mm with knitted frames. Diameter of clamps in knitted frames shall be not less than 5 mm and not less than 0.25d, where d is the largest diameter of longitudinal rods. Hot rolled steel clamps of class AI with a diameter of 6 mm are accepted. The thickness of the protective layer of transverse rods shall not be less than 15 mm. Concrete for B25 columns.

The monolithic beam-free floor is a solid plate resting directly on the columns.

The thickness of the cast-in-situ beam-free plate is found based on the condition of its sufficient stiffness h = (1/32... 1/35) l (l- the size of a larger span with a rectangular grid of columns). Plate thickness is 220 mm. Concrete for class B25 slab.

Cast-in-situ beam-free slab is reinforced with separate rods from A400 class reinforcement. Span moments are perceived by lower working reinforcement, and support moments - by upper working reinforcement. Protective layer before working reinforcement is accepted as not less than 15 mm and not less than diameter of working reinforcement. With a large number of identical plates, in order to save reinforcement, the floor is divided into span and over-column strips. In both strips, the lower rods must be inserted from the span axis to each side by at least 0.35l. The rods of the upper reinforcement of the supra-column strip must be inserted beyond the axis of the row of columns in each direction also by at least 0.35l.

The internal walls are monolithic reinforced concrete with a thickness of 200 mm.