20-storey monolithic residential building with underground parking in Tyumen - PSG diploma project

Contents

1. Introduction

2. Architectural and construction section

2.1 Geological and hydrogeological conditions

2.2 Master Plan

2.3. Technological solutions

2.3.1. Technological solutions of a residential building

2.3.2. Underground Parking Solutions

2.4. Space planning solutions

2.5. Main decisions to ensure the living conditions of people with limited mobility

2.6. Finishing

2.6.1. Exterior decoration

2.6.2. Interior decoration

2.7. Master Plan Technical and Economic Indicators

2.8. External Wall Heat Engineering Calculation

3. Design section

3.1 Structural diagram

3.2. Calculation of building structures

3.2.1 Calculation Mechanization and Software Used

3.2.2 Collection of loads on the coating slab

3.2.3 Collection of loads on slab

3.2.4 Calculation of wind load on the building

3.3 Calculation of cast-in-situ floor slab

3.4 Medium column calculation

4. Comparison of variants

5. Technology, organization and economics of construction

5.1. Selection of the technology for the construction of the designed building

5.2.From materials and regulatory documents,

used in the development of PPM

5.3. Preparatory period

5.3.1 Selection of installation crane

5.3.2. Calculation of construction volumes, their labour intensity, consumption of basic construction materials and products, demand for construction machines, etc.

5.4. Job Instruction for erection of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structures

5.4.1. Scope of Application

5.4.2. Procedure and organization of works performance

5.4.3. List of technological accessories, tools, equipment and accessories

Qty.

5.4.4. Quality and Acceptance Requirements

5.4.5. Work Schedule

5.5. Construction plot plan of the facility

5.5.2. Calculation of storage areas

5.5.3. Calculation of temporary water supply

5.5.5. Temporary power supply of construction site

5.5.6. Temporary roads

5.6. Local cost estimate, feasibility of work

5.6.1.Water estimate for the construction of a residential building

4.6.2. Estimated calculation for the construction of a residential building

6. Occupational safety in construction

6.1. Construction Conditions Analysis

5.2. Engineering measures for safe execution of the most dangerous works during the construction of the facility

5.2.1. Safety measures for reinforcement works

6.2.2. Safety measures for formwork

6.3. Solution of occupational safety engineering problems

Task No.

Task No.

4.4. Fire safety

LIST OF LITERATURE:

Introduction

The designed object is a monolithic twenty-story residential building with non-residential premises on the ground floor. The enclosing structure adopts the version with brick walls with insulation. The building is designed for people of different classes, as well as for shops and service rooms.

The construction of the above-ground part is carried out by grips. Large-panel formwork is used for formwork. During the winter period of construction, concreted structures will be heated. Finishing work is carried out in-line with division into tiers.

The diploma project contains sections:

- architectural and construction section;

- design section;

- Technology, organization and economy of construction;

- Occupational safety and fire prevention measures.

These sections solve the following problems:

- provision of modern level of space-planning solutions;

- calculation of basic structures;

- maintenance of the set terms of erection (standard floor, building as a whole);

- Ensuring safe working conditions;

- estimate of the cost of the designed object.

Multi-storey buildings are the most massive type of construction. In large cities, they must meet many requirements: functional, constructive, artistic. These requirements are closely related and belong to one common spatial system of a residential building.

A residential building must meet the requirements of residents. These requirements determine the necessary level of affordability of housing and public services. The economy and the level of technology development determine the nature of construction production, building materials and the structural features of a residential building.

Some of the most important conditions are those related to the construction site. Climatic conditions are important, which are expressed in temperature, humidity and wind conditions, in the presence or absence of water surfaces in this area of ​ ​ landscaping. A large role in choosing the type of residential building is played by the composition of the city's population. Urban planning conditions are the most important when choosing a storey and spatial architecture of the house. One of the decisive factors in choosing the type of house is its storey.

The modern trend of urban growth poses the most important task for architects to create favorable environmental conditions in cities. The environment of the big city has its own characteristics. The predominance of artificial materials (reinforced concrete, metal) that accumulate heat is explained by some negative properties of the microclimate of the city - higher temperatures in summer, a large number of foggy days, air pollution. The task of the designer is to preserve the landscaping and character of the relief, to make the right choice of the type of house, its shape and height. Protecting the natural resources of this place, creating artificial and preserving the natural favorable conditions of human habitation is of high importance in solving multi-storey residential buildings and planning multi-storey buildings .

The division into climatic zones determines the most general requirements for residential buildings: orientation on the sides of the world and ventilation conditions. The specificity of multi-storey residential buildings, their height and length, as well as the high density of buildings and the proximity of residential buildings to the urban transport system require special attention to create normal sanitary and hygienic conditions.

The shape of multi-storey residential buildings and their location on the territory are influenced by the conditions for providing the living quarters with the necessary natural lighting and insolation. It is also necessary to ventilate apartments. It depends on the orientation of the facades of the residential building on the points of the world and their position in relation to the prevailing winds.

Residents of large cities suffer from traffic noise. Noise is reduced by technical means. Landscaping and earthen planting are arranged on the path of noise propagation. Transport routes are laid in natural relief depressions or move residential buildings away from noise sources.

Modern residential buildings have premises designed for consumer service. Analysis of conditions and requirements obtained on the basis of the study of the situation in which a multi-storey residential building is located (storey, type of house, its space-planning solution, structural system), which must be linked to each other and constitute a harmonic whole.

2. Architectural and construction section

2.1 Geological and hydrogeological conditions.

When designing buildings and structures it is necessary to perform geological and hydrogeological surveys of the built-up area. In this case, there are no such surveys. Therefore, due to the lack of engineering and geological surveys of the construction site and taking into account that the construction area is in close proximity to the Irtysh River, I take as an option the soil of average density of natural occurrence, the groundwater level is taken to be 1.52.0 m from the ground surface. Soil bearing capacity R = 2kg/cm2. If there is a high level of groundwater, it is necessary to perform reservoir drainage to protect the basement from groundwater.

2.2 Master Plan

The design section (within the boundaries of the former Shipbuilding Plant) is located on the right bank of the Irtysh, on the territory between the automobile and metro bridge of the 60th anniversary of Victory and the Komsomol highway bridge of the 30th anniversary, geographically on the way from the citywide center to the city of Neftyannikov.

From the north-east, a 4-9-story building adjoins the site with residential and public buildings of the 60x70s along the city highway along Red Way St.; from the southeast are quarters of residential low-rise buildings; from the north-west are the buildings of the design institute and, closer to the Red Way, the buildings of the Fifth Theater Drama Theater. The section has a relatively large relief. On the site there are production and communal warehouse buildings to be dismantled.

2.3. Technological solutions

Technological solutions of the project for the construction of a residential building with an underground garage were made on the basis of the design task and in compliance with the requirements of the current norms and rules:

SNiP 2.08.0289 * "Public buildings and structures,"

SNiP 2.09.0487 * "Administrative and residential buildings ,"

SNiP 210299 "Parking,"

SanPin 2.2.4.54896 "Hygienic requirements to microclimate of production premises";

ONTP-01-91 "Norms of technological design of road transport enterprises"

SanPiN 2.2.2 ./2.4.134003 "Hygienic requirements for personal electronic computing machines and organization of work."

A residential building with an underground garage is envisaged for construction in the following composition:

- underground parking garage in axes 1-8 and A-I,

- a residential building located in axes 2-7 and V-Zh.

2.3.1. Technological solutions of a residential building

The residential building is intended for residents of the city of Omsk. On the ground floor of the building there will be a store, a billiard room, an office, a beauty salon. Underground parking is provided in this building. The parking has 2 separate escape stairs and 2 elevators. This building belongs to the budget class.

2.3.2. Underground Parking Solutions

The project provides for the organization of a closed-type parking lot with a capacity of 62 cars intended for residents of the house.

The parking room (axes 1-8 and A-I) in the plan has dimensions of 42.0x48.0m and covers a total area of ​ ​ 2016 m2.

The parking lot has an entrance from the end of the house. On a single-track entrance ramp, cars come to the parking lot. The parking lot has 2 evacuation stairs with access to the first floor of the apartment building and directly to the street.

The parking planning solution provides for a storage room for cars and technical premises.

In the storage room of cars, car parking lots are not fenced, the method of storing cars is manual, the size of the car is 6 x 3 m. Wheelbarrow devices are provided in storage places. The movement of cars is organized along internal driveways. The width of the carriageway in the narrowest place is 5.3m.

The parameters of the parking areas and the width of the internal passageways provide the possibility of accommodating cars.

The nomenclature and number of cars are accepted in accordance with the task for the development of documentation and are specified during the development of the working project .

Parking building for explosion and fire hazard belongs to category B (NPB 1052003).

From each car storage room in accordance with the standards (SNiP 210197 *), an evacuation exit is provided outside, the distance to the exit is 30 m.

Cars coming to the parking lot come through automatic gates.

Then the car is sent to the place attached to it.

Parking floor cleaning - dry, mechanized, harvesting machines.

2.4. Space planning solutions

The residential building is divided into an underground parking lot located in axes 1-8 and A-I and a residential building located in axes 2-7 and B-Zh.

The maximum elevation at an altitude of 60.00 m.

On the ground floor (elev. + -0.000) of the building there is an entrance and premises designed for trade, maintenance of the house and the district, for working premises, with an area of ​ ​ 436.1 m2.

Floors from the second to the twentieth are occupied by residential apartments. From the second to the eighteenth floor there are eight apartments, and from the nineteenth to the twentieth to four multi-room apartments.

Functional communication between floors is carried out by three elevators, one of which is provided for transportation of fire departments (SNiP I0197 *).

Evacuation of people from each floor is provided by two stairs. One conventional and the other non-smokable with an exit directly to the outside.

The underground part of the house is a parking lot.

Dimensions in axes 42 x 48 m, floor height 2.5 m.

Evacuation of people is carried out directly outside along the 2nd stairs.

Access to the floor of the parking garage is carried out using a single-track open ramp.

Parking garage rooms - unheated.

See the characteristics of building structures below.

See below for technical data on materials used, value of heat transfer resistances of enclosing structures.

Liability Class I.

Degree of fire resistance of the high-altitude part - I,

The degree of fire resistance of the low part is II.

Structural fire hazard class C-I.

Fire hazard of building structures - K0

2.5. Main decisions to ensure the living conditions of people with limited mobility

The project provides for measures to create an accessible environment for people with limited mobility and people with disabilities in accordance with the code of rules for the design and construction of SP 3110299, VSN-62-91 *, SNiP 35012001.

During the formation of the site, the continuity of pedestrian and transport routes was observed, ensuring access for disabled people and low-mobility groups in the building and in the territory, taking into account the requirements of urban planning standards. Exits with a slope of not more than 1:10 are provided at the intersection of sidewalks with the roadway of internal roads.

Elevators are provided for inter-storey communication.

2.6. Finishing

2.6.1. Exterior decoration

External enclosing structures of residential building are made of brick γ = 1800kg/m3 .

Wall with warming from a mineral-cotton plate of "FACADE LAMELLA™" - 145 mm and an outer layer - a silicate odinnatsitipustotny brick γ = 1500kg/m3. Windows, stained glass windows, entrance doors on balconies - aluminum with double glazing. The entrance doors are metal.

1 Structural diagram

The structural scheme of the residential building was chosen on the basis of architectural and planning solutions. The residential building is located in axes 2-7 and V-Zh. The administrative and office center has an underground parking garage. located in axes 1-8 and A-I.

The structural scheme is a multi-storey building with beam-free floors. The spatial frame of the building is solved according to the frame scheme in both directions. Girders of multi-storey multi-span frames are a beam-free plate rigidly connected to columns .

A). Foundations.

The foundation for the underground garage is a 1000 mm thick slab. Concrete for foundation slab is accepted as class B25. Reinforcing of a base plate separate cores class A500 fittings in the longitudinal and cross direction. Upper reinforcement is laid on spatial supporting frames. In places of greatest moments additional rods are laid. The pitch of the main reinforcement is adopted 200mm. Cross-shaped intersections of rods are bound by binding wire. The two extreme crossings of the rods along the perimeter must be tied in each node, the internal crossings of the rods are tied through the node in staggered order. Under the slab, preparation is arranged from class B 7.5 concrete with a thickness of 100mm.

B). Columns.

Monolithic columns are accepted with a section of 400x400 mm. Concrete for B25 columns. Columns are reinforced with separate bars of A500 class reinforcement. Working rods in cross section of column are placed closer to surface of element with observance of minimum thickness of protective layer. Transverse rods are installed without calculation, but in compliance with the requirements of the norms. The mating of the plate with the column is dripless, in the zone of the columns in the plate additional transverse reinforcement is installed, designed for the force from pressing. The column grid is adopted 6000x6000 mm.

C). Overlap.

The monolithic beam-free floor is a solid plate resting directly on the columns.

The thickness of the plate is accepted as 200 mm, which corresponds to the condition of sufficient rigidity. Concrete for class B25 slab.

Cast-in-situ beam-free plate is reinforced with separate rods of A500 class. Span moments are perceived by lower working reinforcement, and support moments - by upper working reinforcement .

D). Exterior walls

Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete walls with a thickness of 500mm from B25 concrete in parking and brick with insulation in the building above ground level.

3.2. Calculation of building structures.

3.2.1 Mechanization of calculations and software used.

Calculation prerequisites:

1. Calculations of structures were carried out on possible unprofitable loads and their combinations: the main one is permanent, temporary long-term and short-term;

2. Design diagrams of buildings and structures take into account factors determining the stressed and deformed state. and are computer-oriented.

3. The main parameters of the resistance of materials to power impacts are the design resistances of materials established by the design standards of building structures taking into account control conditions. statistical variability. working conditions.

4. The degree of responsibility of buildings and structures is taken into account by the reliability factor for the purpose. The reliability factor for the purpose is accepted n = 0.95 for all buildings classified as liability class II.

Loads and impacts

The load values and their classification are taken into account the load reliability factors characterizing the possible deviation of loads to the unfavorable side from the standard values. deviations from normal operation conditions:

- permanent loads:

dead weight of all structural elements (bearing and enclosing, weight of partitions), weight and pressure of soils (embankments. backfills).

- time loads:

weight of stationary equipment, loads from people, snow loads, temperature climatic effects and wind loads.

When calculating the accepted structural systems of the building, the Structure CAD computing software system was used to evaluate their limit states.

Диплом Снеткова Н.В..dwg

Диплом Снеткова Н.В. (конструктив).dwg