Modernization of K5-OGA homogenizer

Contents

Contents

Introduction

Description of machine arrangement and operation

Theoretical basis of homogenization process

Arrangement and operation of K5-OGA- homogenizer

Disadvantages of K5-OGA homogenizer

Justification of the decision

Patent search

Description of the upgrade

Design part

3.1 Performance calculation

3.2 Calculation of homogenizer power flow rate

3.3 Calculation of homogenizing head

3.4 Calculation of crankshaft of crank mechanism

3.5 Bearing Selection

3.6. Calculation and selection of homogenizing head design parameters

4. Installation, operation and repair of K5-OGA homogenizer

Conclusion

List of sources used

Application

Introduction

The dairy industry (including oil-producing) in 2003 totaled 3200 dairy processing enterprises, including large and medium-sized ones - 1,151 (with a design capacity of more than 50 tons per day).

The structure of the industry was focused on small enterprises of the district scale. Every fifth enterprise of the food and processing industry in Russia belongs to dairy (on average, there are about 10 enterprises per subject of the federation).

The capacity of dairy enterprises currently allows you to process a large amount of milk - more than 250,000 tons per day and produce animal oil of 3317 tons per shift, rennet cheese of 672 tons, whole dairy industry - 33556 tons, dry dairy products - 227 tons. At the same time, about 17 mils were processed in 2003. tons of milk, that is, not many more than 20% of the possible. The level of capacity utilization is: 37% for the production of whole milk products, 27% for animal oil, 59% for rennet cheese, 44% for dry whole milk, 37% for SOM, ZCM and dry whey, 53% for dairy preserves.

A particularly difficult situation in the dairy products market has developed in the production and sale of animal oil. In 2003, its production amounted to 278 thousand tons, which is 1/3 of the volume produced in 1880. At the same time, the import of animal oil increased sharply, which is up to 1/3 of the market volume. In 2003, as a result of the application of protective measures, imports were slightly reduced, however, in recent years, Russian manufacturers in order to reduce the cost of their products began to increasingly produce animal products instead of animal oil. The consumer, faced with a sharp deterioration in the quality of the product of one enterprise, ceases to trust all Russian enterprises of the manufacturer of this product. In this regard, the Dairy Union can play a large role, ensuring quality control and compliance with standards for all products produced by domestic enterprises.

One of the main tasks facing the food industry and food engineering is the creation of highly efficient technological equipment, which, based on the use of advanced technology, significantly increases labor productivity, reduces the negative impact on the environment and contributes to the saving of raw materials, fuel and energy and material resources.

The task of this course work is to study the design of food industry devices and processes taking place in them, as well as to review the devices, relevant topics, analyze them, identify advantages and disadvantages, develop more modern structures and process devices.

Installation, operation and repair of homogenizer

Preparation of installation works is a set of preparatory, organizational and technical measures aimed at increasing industrialization, improving quality and reducing the cost of installation works, as well as reducing their duration.

In order to ensure that the entire set of works is completed in time, a network schedule is drawn up, agreed with adjacent installation organizations.

The Installation Work Network Schedule is a diagram that shows all work events and dependencies in a specific process sequence and relationship.

Actual installation works include laying of pipe and electrical wiring on installed load-bearing structures, installation of boards and panels, instruments and automation tools, connection of pipe and electrical wiring to instruments.

These works are performed in production premises upon completion of construction and main finishing works simultaneously with works of other specialized installation organizations according to combined schedule. At the same time, they are carried out in the following order:

- installation of connecting links;

- installation of panels and panels in control rooms;

- installation of local boards and instruments.

The installation of the trunks (wiring) begins after the installation of the process equipment. Installation of panels and panels in the panel rooms is started after all construction and finishing works, completion of openings, channels and installation of all stowing parts.

Local devices are installed after installation of all selection devices, regulating and locking elements.

Timely and high-quality repair of devices and facilities allows you to increase the life of devices and ensure their compliance with technical requirements. The need to repair devices is caused by a bed change in their characteristics during operation. Changes in the characteristics of instruments are influenced by wear and shape of friction surfaces, gradual contamination of kinematics at the joint sites, as well as the process of natural aging.

The process of wear and aging of the elements largely depends on the conditions and nature of operation. Increased humidity and dust content, vibrations and shocks, sudden fluctuations in ambient temperature and other external influences at instrument locations greatly accelerate this process. Failure of the device and premature repair is also caused by negligent handling of the device, caused by violation of the operating instructions, its reloading and improper switching on.

Depending on the amount of damage and the causes that caused them, the following main types of repairs are distinguished:

1 - technical supervision - these are works related to the elimination of defects and damages of devices arising during the current operation: painting, replacement of protective glasses, etc.

2 - current (small) repair - repair of minor parts of the device with correction of damaged parts, replacement of their spare parts and manufacture of simple mechanical parts that do not require adjustment of other parts of the device. During the current repair, as a rule, the equipment is not dismantled.

3 - medium repair includes removal, node-by-node disassembly of the device, cleaning of parts and assemblies, replacement of worn-out parts. The repair is completed by full adjustment.

4 - overhaul is complete unit-by-unit and sub-unit disassembly of the device with its subsequent bulkhead, cleaning, fitting of parts and assemblies, unit-by-unit and full adjustment.

Conclusion

Modernization of the homogenizer is aimed at improving the reliability of connecting the pusher with the slider.

For this purpose homogenizer is equipped with additional hemisphere, fixed on the other end of rod and connected with slider, equipped with cover, in the form of means of spherical recess, and cuff seal is located in cover of homogenizer.

The necessary calculations of the modernized machine were made, the rules for the operation and installation of the homogenizer were studied.