Installation of intermediate building - heading FA&S

Contents

Introduction

1 Initial data

2 Specification of prefabricated LW structures

3 Joints of prefabricated structures

4 Summary Scope Sheet

5 Calculation of labor costs and machine time costs

6 Preselection of installation method

7 Selection of installation cranes by technical parameters

8 TPP of installation works variants

9 Technology of installation works

10 Requirements for quality control and acceptance of works

11 Occupational Safety and Safety.. installation works

12 Resource requirements

List of used literature

Introduction

The technology of erection of buildings and structures defines theoretical foundations and regulations for practical implementation of certain types of construction, installation and special works, their interconnection in space and time in order to obtain products in the form of buildings and structures.

Construction production in our country is mainly developed on an industrial basis - the direction of turning construction into a complex-mechanized process of erection of buildings and structures from unified elements of factory manufacture.

Currently, domestic builders continue to develop the main ways to improve capital construction and increase the efficiency of capital investments. To this end, the main focus is on ensuring the timely commissioning of fixed assets and production capacities, concentrating funds and resources on critical construction sites, directing capital investments primarily for the technical re-equipment and reconstruction of existing enterprises and for the completion of previously begun construction projects, reducing construction time, improving design, and implementing construction on the most progressive and economical projects.

The implementation of measures to significantly reduce the cost of manual labor, equip builders with high-performance machines and mechanisms, low-mechanization tools, and an effective mechanized and manual tool continues. The level of industrialization of construction production and the degree of factory readiness of building structures and parts is being further increased. Currently, intensive development is being acquired by monolithic and prefabricated monolithic house building.

The implementation of these measures should ensure a significant increase in labor productivity in construction and be determined by improving the labor protection of workers, more attention to the environment and environmental protection.

1 source data

Space-planning and structural solution of the building

Coursework was developed for the construction of a one-story industrial building. In accordance with the design assignment, the building has the following space planning and structural solution. The building has a rectangular shape with a plan size of 72x144 m. The building is one block, consisting of four spans of 18 m each.

Characteristics of the building

Reinforced concrete foundations with glass-type sub-columns.

Reinforced concrete columns are double-branch for buildings with bridge cranes with a lifting capacity of 10 tons (series 1.424.1-9) with an elevation of 16.8 m.

The bearing structures of the coating are rafters reinforced concrete I-beams with a span of 18 m (series 1.462.116/88).

Coating slabs - ribbed railway 6 m long, 3 m wide (series 1.4651.17).

Enclosing structures - hinged railway panels for non-heated buildings (series 1.432.126) 1.2 m high.

Two rows of window openings are arranged along the entire perimeter of the building.

Preselection of installation method

The installation method is mixed. The direction of the installation process is along and across, depending on the structures to be mounted. Installation is carried out by boom cranes on a caterpillar track.

Columns are mounted in the 1st penetration.

In the 2nd penetration crane beams and adjustment beams are mounted.

Beams and paving plates are installed in the 3rd penetration.

Wall panels are installed in the 4th penetration.

A feasibility comparison should be made between the two installation options.

1 option: installation of the entire building is carried out by one heavy crane;

2, the carcass structures are mounted with a heavy crane and the wall panels are mounted with a light crane.

Light columns are arranged with preliminary layout, and heavy from vehicles. Crane beams are mounted with preliminary layout. The rafters are mounted from vehicles and the slabs are pre-laid.

Technology and organization of the construction process

1 Installation of double-branch reinforced concrete columns.

1.1 Prior to installation, the following works shall be performed:

- foundations have been erected for columns with a difference of construction and installation elevations for the sleeve of at least 50 mm/cm;

- concrete preparation for floors has been made;

- temporary electric lighting is done;

- movement paths and working parking of the crane are indicated;

- delivered all necessary devices, tools, equipment;

- installation crane delivered;

- hairlines of layout axes are applied;

- "traces" of column support parts in foundation sleeves are filled.

1.2 The technology of installation of precast reinforced concrete double-branch columns is adopted according to the no-turn method. It is carried out using a crossbeam for gripping columns with a remote tearing method. The columns are lifted by turning them around the lower end. Columns in foundation cups are fixed and adjusted with special fastening screws. After the column is finally fixed to the design position, it is held in fastening screws until the concrete reaches 70% of the design strength. Allowable deviations of columns during installation from design position are given in SNiP 3.03.0187.

2 Installation of crane beams

2.1 The following activities shall be carried out prior to installation:

- zero cycle works are performed;

- temporary roads are laid from prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs from permanent roads to the installed object;

- installation passage is indicated on concrete preparation;

- the necessary equipment was delivered to the installation site;

- crane beams delivered and placed;

- sufficient lighting of the construction site is provided;

- Security conditions are ensured;

- columns are mounted.

Reinforced concrete elements are unloaded and laid out in the area of the installation crane. Before installation of crane beams, they are checked by quality indicators.

2.2 Installation is performed after concrete reaches 70% of design strength of columns with the foundation shell. Crane beams are laid out in advance within the range of the installation crane. Slinging and lifting is carried out using a cross-arm with semi-automatic grips. It is installed immediately into design position, tool check is performed and embedded parts of beams are welded to embedded parts of columns. Grouting of joints is performed immediately after welding of crane beams to columns. During lifting, the crane beams should be held with braces. The beams are released from the crane hook after installation of the beam in the design position, temporary fixation, tack by electric welding to the columns.

3 Installation of rafters

3.1 Prior to installation:

- check the installation of columns;

- deliver the accessories to the installation area;

- clean embedded parts from dirt and rust;

-Check the geometric dimensions of the beams.

3.2 The following is required before lifting the beam:

- attach an inventory spacer to the rafter beam, which is slung to the crane boom geese using a universal sling;

- perform slinging of rafter truss with the help of cross-arm with remote spraying, which is hung on the main hook of the crane;

- attach the safety cable and braces to the rafter beam;

- check stability of the valve.

Installation of the rafter beam shall be carried out "on itself" in the general direction of the working travel of the installation crane along the span. Beams shall be fixed to columns by means of anchor bolts.

4 Installation of coating plates

4.1 Prior to installation:

- cleaning and planning works were performed inside the facility;

- temporary road laid;

- construction schedule of rafters and slabs has been developed;

- place of storage of coating plates;

- the necessary accessories, equipment were delivered to the installation area.

4.2 Laying and electric welding of coating plates is performed from stairs or from previously installed coating plates. First of all, the extreme plates of the coating are laid and welded, from which medium plates are then laid. During laying, it is necessary to monitor the correct and complete support according to the requirements of the project.

5 Installation of enclosing structures

5.1 Prior to installation:

- temporary power and clarifying electroline are supplied;

- load-bearing structures of the building frame are installed;

- wall panels are imported and laid out;

- the necessary materials are delivered to workplaces;

- electric welders are installed;

- necessary accessories, tools delivered;

- wiring diagram is drawn up;

winch is installed and removal units for displacement of scaffolds are fixed.

5.2 The panel is set to the design position by the crane and after checking the correct location it is fixed with permanent fasteners, after which the slings are removed.

The solution is placed in horizontal seams before mounting the next panel. Vertical seams are filled after installation of the panel adjacent to the previously installed one. Lifting of wall panels is performed by means of two-branch sling with attachment of branches to mounting loops of panel.