Installation of building structures - TVSD

Contents

Task

1. Introduction

2. Source Data

3. Specification of prefabricated elements

4. Bill of Quantities

5. Material and Semi-Finished Requirements List

6. Justification and selection of installation methods, determination of number of installation grips

7. Selection of mounting devices and load grippers

8. Calculation of labor costs for erection of structures

9. Selection of cranes by required operating parameters

10. Feasibility Study for Selection of Installation Cranes

11. Selection of vehicles

12. Description of sequence and installation procedure of individual structural elements

Quality Control

13. Organization and methods of labor of erection workers during installation of rafters

14. Hourly and Planning Schedule for Structural Installation

15. Determination of techno-economic indicators

16. Safety measures

17. Literature

Introduction

Capital construction is one of the most important branches of material production. The main task of capital construction is to ensure the expanded reproduction of the country's fixed assets based on scientific and technological progress in order to meet the ever-growing material needs of people. Capital construction includes new construction, expansion, reconstruction or technical re-equipment of existing enterprises, buildings and structures. New construction (new buildings) includes the construction of an enterprise, building and structure carried out on new sites according to the originally approved project. If the project is revised during the period of construction before the commissioning of the facilities providing the production of the main final products, the continuation of the construction of the enterprise, buildings and structures according to the modified project is related to the new construction. Erection of building structures is a leading process in construction .

Installation of building structures is a mechanized complex of in-line assembly of buildings and structures from elements and structural units of factory manufacture. All zero cycle activities shall be performed prior to commencement of erection work. Installation of structures should normally be carried out directly from vehicles. During installation, the invariability and stability of each mounted structure or cell of the structure shall be ensured. The installation sequence should provide for the possibility of delivery of individual areas of the structure for finishing or installation of equipment in a given time frame. Erection of building structures consists of preparatory and basic processes. Preparatory processes include transportation, warehousing and pre-assembly .

The main processes are preparation for lifting and lifting of structures, alignment and temporary fixation, grouting of joints and joints, as well as corrosion protection of structures. When designing prefabricated buildings and structures, along with other performance indicators, it is necessary to take into account the indicator of installation processability .

Installation processability is the degree of adaptability of this structure to transportation and installation with minimum costs of manual labor, time, material means and energy resources. A high degree of mounting processability can be achieved by rationally strengthening structures, improving factory readiness and accuracy in the manufacture of structures, etc. Reinforcement of structures directly on site in the installation area, for example, in the blocks of coatings of industrial buildings, has the effect of transferring installation operations in the condition of ground assembly. At the same time, the limits of rational strengthening are limited only by the lifting capacity of the installation cranes. The design of installation works (PMTCT) includes: process diagrams, schedules of installation works and movement of mechanisms; pre-assembly diagrams; auxiliary device drawings; specification of installation and auxiliary equipment; Calculation of labor costs safety instructions.

Source Data

The erected object is a one-story industrial building with a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame. Prefabricated reinforced concrete structures are adopted as elements of the load-bearing frame.

According to the structural scheme, the building is framed, segment braced reinforced concrete trusses with a span of 18 m serve as girders. The pitch of the columns is 12 m. The building is three-span, measuring 54 * 216 m. All workshops are equipped with bridge cranes. The height of all workshops is the same and equal to 14.4 m. Crane beams are used with a length of 12 m, the elements are connected by welding embedded parts and fittings outlets by welding with E42 electrodes. The seams between the wall panels and the paving slabs are ground with class B25 concrete on fine aggregate .

The number of temperature blocks in the building according to SNiP is 3 (72 m each).

Basic data for billing:

Span "N x L" = 3 x 18 m.

Total shop length = 216m.

Column spacing "l" = 12m.

The bottom elevation of the rafter truss "H0" = 14.4 m.

Justification and selection of installation methods, determination of number of installation grips

Methods of erection of buildings are determined by selection of general method of erection of structure (separate, complex or mixed), direction of development of erection process (horizontally or vertically, along building or across), types and number of erection cranes, sizes and number of erection grips. The decision should take into account the type of building and its structural features.

Single-storey industrial buildings, consisting of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and glass-type foundations, are installed, as a rule, in a mixed way. Note here that columns and crane beams are mounted in differentiated manner in first two flows. First flow is used to install columns into foundation sleeves. The load on the columns from the following structural elements is transferred after grouting the joints of the columns with the foundations with a concrete mixture and achieving concrete strength of at least 70% of the concrete grade. The second mounting flow is used to install crane beams. The coating elements (rafters and slabs, slabs) are mounted in a complex manner in the third stream. Wall panels are installed in separate flow.

The number and dimensions of the grips are established based on the organization of the in-line method of installation work, compliance with safety rules and the smallest total duration of these works. Size of grips is selected based on condition of identical or multiple duration of works on each of them. For single-storey industrial buildings, the dimensions of the mounting grips are recommended to be taken within one temperature settling block, i.e. the length of one section (72 m) and the total width of the entire building.

Hourly and Planning Schedule for Structural Installation

The hour schedule is developed on the basis of ENiR, from a condition of trouble-free operation of the assembly crane (set) with one link of assemblers of constant structure at the eight-hour working day on one catch.

The basis for linking the installation sequence of individual structural elements is the developed installation sequence and procedure. All installation processes are performed in-line using sets of lifting and transportation and other machine mechanisms.

To organize in-line installation, the building is divided into grabs. Installation of structures of single-storey buildings, as well as their reconciliation and final attachment within each grip are carried out by one or several specialized flows.

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