Individual residential building. Architectural and structural development

Contents

Introduction of _________________________________________________

1. DESIGN BASIS ______________

2. GENERAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE DESIGNED BUILDING _____________

3. PLOT PLAN AND SITE IMPROVEMENT ____________

4. SPACE PLANNING SOLUTION OF THE BUILDING

5. ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURAL SOLUTION

6. ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT

7. HEAT ENGINEERING CALCULATION

Literature

Introduction

The modern development of the market economy leads to the fact that industrial enterprises (including those producing building materials), in order to increase their competitive ability with the help of the latest research and development, bring to the market new production technologies and types of building materials, and with increasing globalization, new international manufacturers of materials and construction technologies come to the domestic market. Undoubtedly, against the backdrop of an increase in the well-being of citizens, their needs are also increasing, so it is thanks to the constant development of production related to meeting human needs that the market for construction technologies is improving. New materials with improved physicochemical indicators appear, thanks to which their service life is extended, and the installation process is simplified, which leads to two main consequences: accelerating the pace of construction with a decrease in scrap at installation work. Construction equipment is also being improved: the number of operations is increasing, and the time allotted for them is decreasing .

One of the most promising construction technologies to date is the use of monolithic reinforced concrete structures. They allow you to build not only "skyscrapers," but also buildings that have non-standard, original forms, both classical style and modern, futuristic. The use of a monolithic frame allows you to build huge rooms (high ceilings, large spans between columns or bearing walls), carry out technical buildings, erect underground floors, choose all kinds of translucent structures, and the durability and reliability of monolithic structures is higher than any praise. It is thanks to all these advantages that the design solutions of this project have been chosen.

1. Design Input.

The project of a two-story house for 1 family of 3 people. The building has dimensions in the axes of 9.57x9.51m, the height of the first floor is 2.76m, the height of the 2nd varies to 3.83m. Construction district - Moscow region .

The facades are solved in modern architectural forms. The building is equipped with hot and cold water supply, sewage, heating, optical fiber Internet connection is provided.

2. general characteristics of the designed building.

The structural solution of the building is a reinforced concrete monolithic arcane building with bearing walls and columns connected by floor reinforced concrete monolithic floors. The foundations are monolithic, reinforced concrete. External walls are lined with natural lime stone on a metal subsystem. The roof is classic in metal rafters covered with roofing sandwichpanels. In addition to the proposed below, the house has a free layout .

Building Capitality - Grade II

Degree of fire resistance - Class I

Durability Grade I

3. plot plan and site improvement.

The master plan for the construction of a 2-story residential building in the Moscow region was developed on the basis of topography on a scale of 1:200. From the south, the site borders on the forest belt, from the north - an asphalt concrete road. The relief of the site with a slope in the south direction.

The main condition when choosing the design solution of the general plan is:

- architectural and planning solutions;

- obtaining a normal building ratio when implementing sanitary and fire safety standards.

This project provides for the placement of the following economic facilities:

- open bassen;

- tennis court;

- automobile eco-park.

The vertical layout of the site is solved by the method of design elevations taking into account natural conditions, construction requirements, organization of surface water runoff. The main factors that determined the high-altitude solutions of the site are the terrain, the conditions for the organization of drainage, the existing development. Surface water removal from the site is designed taking into account runoff in the trays of the roadway of the on-site driveways with subsequent discharge to the relief. The design slope is 0.3%.

To ensure normal sanitary and hygienic conditions on the site of a residential building, improvement and landscaping measures are provided:

- Areas free from development and coverage are landscaped and landscaped;

- lawns are provided on the site;

- paving of internal tracks with granite paving is designed;

- small architectural forms and ecological parking are provided.

5. architectural design solution.

The structural diagram of the building is a reinforced concrete monolithic frame with load-bearing walls and columns connected by floor-by-floor reinforced concrete monolithic floors.

5.1. Bases

Cast-in-situ reinforced concrete foundations. The depth of laying is 4.3 m from the level of part p. A sand cushion is arranged under the foundations.

5.2. Walls

The external walls are made of B25 reinforced concrete insulated with mineral wool slabs "ROCKWOOL ventilation bats" (density 100kg/m3), lined with natural stone slabs "Jura Gelb" installed on a suspended ventilated facade system (system material - stainless steel).

5.3. Pepekrytiye

Floor - reinforced concrete monolithic slab, concrete B25, thickness 200mm.

5.4. Roof

The classic gable roof is adopted. Construction - metal rafters with support on reinforced concrete bearing walls and columns. Along the outline of the rafters (2 channels of 8P) rest on the channel 18P, installed at the ends of the shelves down on the reinforced concrete wall. The pitch of the rafters is 1000 mm. On the rafters are installed, glued and interconnected using shaped products sandwichpanels manufactured by Virson. The panels themselves are foam-polysterol, multilayer, coated with roofing galvanized profiled steel .

5.5. Floors

Living rooms, halls and kitchens have parquet floors. The bathrooms and bathroom have marble floors and walls .

5.6. Ladders

The stairways and the platform are lined with black glossy large-sized tiles, the height of the plinth is 100mm. Railings made of polished stainless steel are provided, the profile is square.

5.7.

The front door is a reinforced metal door, the color is black. Windows - stained glass windows with aluminum profile and triple glazing.

5.8. Facades

The facades of the house are lined with natural stone slabs "Jura Gelb" installed on a suspended ventilated facade system (the material of the system is stainless steel). On the base and between the floors, black granite is used, fixed to the subsystem.

5.9.Internal finish.

Designed high-quality wall finish for painting. Ceilings are also aligned and painted. On the 2nd floor, the ceilings are sutured with GCL.

6. engineering equipment.

6.1.Water supply and sewerage

Water supply source - well. One pump delivers water to the house, the other is located in the house and provides an increase in pressure in the system of the house. Asbestos cement pipes. Hot water supply of the house is provided from electric storage water heaters with a volume of up to 150 liters. The internal hot water supply network is made of stainless steel. Household sewage from the designed residential building is diverted to the existing sewage system with a diameter of 400mm. The pipes are cast-iron, bell-shaped .

6.2.Heating and ventilation

In the technical room there is a water treatment and water heating unit. Heating is designed by a two-tube dead end system with natural circulation. Pipes are laid in the floor cake, the pipe material is cross-linked polyethylene. Radiators embedded in half. Ventilation - natural. Air is removed through channels in the kitchen and bathrooms, plenum air is supplied through ventilated windows.

6.3.Electricity and electrical equipment

Power supply of the designed residential building is provided from the existing transformer substation via two cable lines at a voltage of 0.4kV. In terms of reliability of power supply, electric receivers at home belong to category II. Energy metering is carried out by meters installed in the water distribution device of a residential building and floor boards. Outdoor lighting of the territory is carried out by lamps on the racks. All metal non-current-carrying parts of electrical equipment shall be grounded. Zero wire of the network is used as ground. The project provides general lighting and sockets for local lighting.