Coursework - arrangement of the microdistrict

Contents

Introduction

Source Data

Analysis of source data

Design

Development of the microdistrict

General Provisions for the Design of Utility Networks

Engineering Network Design

Calculation of Utility Networks

Gas supply

Electric power consumption

Introduction

Modern settlements provide favorable conditions for the life of people. To this end, all buildings and structures are provided with engineering equipment that meets all modern requirements.

Systems such as water supply, sanitation, gas supply, heat supply, electricity supply and communication are an integral part of buildings and structures of residential neighborhoods. The purpose of the course work is to master the design methodology for engineering systems in a residential neighborhood of the city.

The following tasks are performed during the design: design of water supply, sewerage, heat supply, gas supply and power supply networks; calculation of their parameters; construction and development of street sections.

The course project is carried out on the basis of an individual task, to which the microdistrict plan is attached. The plan diagram shows the locations of buildings and structures, the number of sections and storey of residential buildings, the purpose and storey of a public building, the placement of engineering communications and their parameters on streets adjacent to the quarter .

Source Data

Construction area - P.Osipenko

Climatic parameters of the construction area/1/. The estimated winter temperature is the average for the coldest five days, with a security of 0.95, equal to 35 ° С. The heating period for residential buildings with an average daily temperature of + 8 ° C and below is 221 days and the average heating period temperature is 11.2 ° C. The dominant direction of the winds is north.

Planning design elevation of land at the design building (9-storey) 92. The depth of the street collector in the city sewer well (GKK) is 4.6 m. The normative depth of seasonal freezing of soils is 3.0 m.

ANALYSIS OF INITIAL DATA

The residential quarter (see Figure 1) has a rectangular shape and is bounded by four streets. On the territory of the quarter there are: a 9-story three-section residential building, a 5-story five-and four-section residential building, a 12-story two-section residential building, a 5-story six-section residential building, a 3-story public building - a school. On the north side of the street there are the following communications: water supply (B1) and household sewerage (K1), district heating pipelines. On the south side of the street there is a water supply and a low-pressure gas pipeline (G1). On the eastern side, along with the water pipeline, there is a low-pressure gas pipeline (G1), on the western side - water supply and household sewage, rain sewage (K2). The quarter has an even surface with a characteristic slope to the northwest side.

Multi-storey residential buildings with 5 and 9 floors are provided with centralized drinking water supply, household sewage, electricity, gas supply, heat supply (hot water supply and heating).

Design

2.1 Development of the microdistrict

Taking a scale of 1:1000, we develop the general plan of the microdistrict (quarter). In accordance with the situational plan (see Figure 1), taking into account the distances between communications, on the left and from above we indicate the places of the boundaries of the microdistrict - red lines.

The dimensions of the buildings are accepted in accordance with the recommendations/2/. Section of a 5-story residential building 10 × 20 m, 9-story - 14 × 24 m and 12-story - 18 × 36 m. The size of the school building is assumed based on the size of the class 9x6 m. With the location of classes on one side of the educational building, five classes and a corridor with natural lighting, the placement of additional premises at the ends of the building (bathrooms, pantries, etc.) and stairs, we accept the size of the educational building 30 × 15 m. The building with the gym, dining room and assembly hall and additional rooms on both sides of the corridor is accepted 15 × 45m.

The distances between buildings, depending on their purpose, are taken within the following limits/3/: with a parallel location of residential buildings - at least double the height of buildings or 50... 100 m; with an end arrangement - 24... 50 m; From the border of the territory of the educational institution 50 m. From the red line to the building line in the project we accept at least 10 m.

The general plan of the microdistrict is based on these dimensions and the distances between communications given in the situational plan.

2.2 General Provisions for the Design of Utility Networks

Engineering communications are mainly laid parallel to each other, building walls, streets, driveways and existing linear communications.

Distance between parallel communications depends on their purpose, depth of laying, depth of seasonal freezing of soils and other individual characteristics (2, 3). In course work, the distance when laying communications parallel to the foundations is taken to be at least 5 m. In other cases, take in accordance with/3/.

All communications entering and leaving the building shall be located no closer than 3 m from the corner of the building or ledge. The intersection of communication with the foundation of the building is arranged in the middle of the ledges.

The intersection of communications with streets, roads, driveways, other communications should be at a right angle. Turns are arranged before and after the intersection of other communications, streets and roads.

During the new construction, step-down transformer substations, cold water pump stations, circulation pump systems of heating and hot water supply are preferably located in one building - a central heat station (CTP). TPS are located in a free space inside the block to service a group of buildings or the entire block, preferably in the center of consumption, not far from the buildings served.

The design begins with sewer networks, as they are gravity-free and their placement options are limited. Then cold water supply, heat supply (hot water supply with heating) and gas supply are designed. All these communications are mainly located inside the quarter.

Electrical and other cable networks are designed already with designed other communications. If necessary, all networks can be redesigned taking into account the mutual arrangement of all buildings, structures and communications of the quarter.

2.3 Engineering Network Design

Sanitary sewerage networks (K1) are designed towards the natural slope of the earth. Releases from buildings are designed to the courtyard side, the number of issues is accepted depending on the floor plan of the buildings. One is accepted in the draft

outlet from each section of 5-storey building, two entrances from 14-storey building and outlet from each section of 9-storey house inside sections and at adjacent walls between sections. At the ends of the releases, structures are installed, indicated by circles. Structures are also designed at turns. At the red line on the yard side, control wells are installed on a straight line perpendicular to the red line passing through the city sewer well (GCC). In the absence of GCC on the situational plan, they are designed in a convenient place on the street collector of the city sewerage system. Sewerage pits are also designed in straight areas, if the distance between the pits is more than 35 m, on networks with headers with an internal diameter of 150 mm/4/( for plastic pipes with an external diameter of 160 mm),

In buildings of 5 and 9 floors we accept the system of drinking water supply B1/5/. Therefore, one inlet from the nearest street water supply is designed for these buildings. In a 14-story residential building, a domestic fire-fighting water supply system is adopted. We design two entrances from two streets on the southern and northern sides of the microdistrict. The same system is accepted for the school, we design two entries from different streets on the eastern and northern sides of the microdistrict. For the 14-storey building, a booster pump station is designed in a separate building (designated by the CTP). The building is designed inside the block and inputs to the building are designed from the pumping station. Plumbing pits are designed at the connection points of the bushings (on the plot plan - GVK )/6/. Fire hydrants (SG) are designed in these wells. If the building does not have two wells at a distance of 150 m, then additionally wells with fire hydrants are designed.

All buildings in the microdistrict are provided with central heat supply from street heat pipelines Tl, T2. Thermal pipelines are designed for all buildings directly from the street heating network, if it passes along the street adjacent to the block - to the 5-story building/7/. Two-tube (T1 and T2) intra-quarter networks are designed for the remaining buildings. For connecting buildings, thermal chambers (TC) are designed, with dimensions of 2 × 3 m. The 14-story building is connected through the central thermal center (CTP), combined with the pump station building. On the general plan, this building is designated by the CTP, since most of the building is occupied by the CTP. Four heat pipelines are designed for the residential building: T1 and T2 - for heating and TA and T4 - for hot water supply.

Centralized gas supply is designed for residential buildings up to 9 floors/8/. Gas pipeline G1 passes from the east side of the quarter. We design an intra-quarter gas pipeline on the north side of the quarter at a distance of more than 6 m from the buildings. The gas pipeline is connected to the buildings in 5 and 9 floors to the corners of the buildings. The gas pipeline is designed along the facades at a height of about 4 m. At the point of connection of the gas pipeline to the street network, a well is designed, indicated by a circle.

For centralized power supply of the microdistrict, double-sided power supply is accepted by high-voltage cable lines with a voltage of 6 kV 191, accepted in the project in agreement with the manager. In vacant places near the buildings, the places of placement of step-down transformer substations are pre-designed. Step-down transformer substations in the course design are designed without calculation of their required power i.e. structurally. We accept a separate substation for the theater and a 14-story building (in the CTP building), and one substation for 5- and 9-story buildings. High-voltage 6 kV cable lines, designated E2, are connected to the school substation on the north side and to the substation of residential buildings on the west side. The substation in CTP is connected on both sides by substations connected to street cable lines. The buildings belong to the consumers of the second reliability category, therefore, two 380 V cables designated E1 are designed .

микр84.dwg