Diploma Hotel and shopping complex, consisting of a hotel with 96 seats and two non-food items

Contents

Table of contents

Introduction

1. Architectural and planning part

1.1 General provisions

1.2 Master Plan

1.3 Space Planning Solution

1.3.1 Hotel

1.3.2 Trading institutions

1.4 Constructive solution

1.5 Heat Engineering Calculation of Enclosing Structures

1.5.1 Wall fence

1.5.2 Hotel coverage

1.5.3 Trade Institutions Coverage

1.6 Process Technology

1.6.1 Hotel

1.6.2 Trade institutions

1.7 Technical and economic indicators

2. Sanitary and technical systems

2.1 Hotel engineering equipment

2.1.1 Water and heat supply

2.1.2 Sewerage

2.1.3 Ventilation and air conditioning

2.1.4 Power supply and electrical equipment

2.1.5 Low-current and electronic systems and devices

2.2 Engineering equipment of trading institutions

2.2.1 Water supply and sewerage

2.2.2 Heating and ventilation

2.2.3 Electrical devices

3. Construction structures

3.1 Structural framework system

Introduction

A project is being developed for a hotel trading complex consisting of a hotel with 96 seats and two non-food trading institutions. The following main sections are presented in the project: architectural planning, sanitary and technical, structural, foundations and foundations, Belarusian Railways, technologies and organization of construction, economics and environmental protection.

In the architectural planning section, you select the type of main structural structures and their pitch, spans, and basic materials. The technological process of institutions as part of the complex is considered and on its basis floors are planned.

In the sanitary and technical section, the main engineering systems that equip institutions are considered, their placement is accepted.

In the structural section, the design diagram of the part of the building under consideration is selected, the section of the main load-bearing elements of the frame is selected: columns, girders, runs, and profile. The main frame units are calculated.

In the section of bases and foundations, the dimensions of foundations located along the deformation seam are determined. FMZ draft is calculated taking into account their mutual influence on each other. Foundation bodies have been calculated.

Calculation of the main escape routes, check of fire resistance of the column and organization of safe work during installation of steel profiled flooring are considered in section BZD.

The section of the technology and organization of construction shows the development of the planning table, the construction master plan, the routing for the device of the mounted ventilated facade.

The estimated cost of construction was calculated in the form of local estimates for civil works, object estimates and summary estimates. The results of the calculation are summarized in the section of the construction economy.

Recultivation of disturbed soil cover and issues of storage of the resulting construction waste are considered in the section of the environmental protection system.

Architectural and planning part

1.1 General provisions

The designed facility is a hotel trading complex. The height of the complex is 5 floors. The multi-storey part is a hotel with 96 seats. One-storey - trade institutions and office premises of the hotel.

Construction district - Moscow. The construction site is located on 68 km of the Moscow Ring Road.

In accordance with SNIP 230199 * climatic conditions of the construction site:

- climatic area - IB

- average temperature in January - minus 10.2 °

- average temperature in July - 18.1 °

- temperature of the coldest five days - minus 30 °

- average annual rainfall - 644mm

- wind pressure area - I

- area by weight of snow cover - III

- humidity zone - 2 (normal)

Soil conditions of the construction site are represented by the following soils:

- loam, power 2.4... 2.8 m

- clay, layer thickness 1.6... 2.0 m

- sand, capacity 5.6... 6.2 m

- soup, layer power 5.4... 6.0 m

- loam, power 3.6... 4.1 m

Soils are classified as reliable as deformation modulus

There are no subsidence soils within the construction site.

Groundwater level is observed 4.4 m from the ground surface. According to the results of the analysis, the waters are not aggressive towards concrete.

The relief of the construction site is rather gentle. It is a slope with a height difference within the boundaries of the section 3m (2%).

1.2 Master Plan

The site reserved for construction is located near the road, providing a good transport connection of the object under construction with the infrastructure of the city.

To ensure unhindered passage of fire engines around the building under construction, driveways with the width of the roadway are made. The same driveways also serve to deliver goods to unloading platforms and to access staff to service parking lots.

On the master plan, the following are distinguished:

- Hotel trading complex building

- farm yards

- hotel service area

- service areas of trade institutions

- visitor area

Economic yards serve to transport goods to trade institutions, supply food enterprises and hotels, and store waste. Khozdvors are located on the rear side of the erected complex. This allows you to separate the flows of visitors and service transport.

Hotel service area is intended for hotel employees. It is a 20-seat car park located near the service entrance. This zone is located on the rear side of the object being erected between the two fortifications.

The service areas of trade institutions are intended for service personnel. They are car parking, designed for 6 cars. The location of the zones - at the ends of the building, provides quick access of staff to the office premises of institutions.

The visitor area consists of a car park for 160 cars, a recreation area for visitors. One parking place is a 6x3 m platform. Access to the visitor area is possible from the street side from two entrances. The visitor recreation area is a flower garden located in the center of the visitor area. Benches are located around the flower garden.

Zone of central inlet is made in the form of paved coatings. The remaining pedestrian communications, like automobile passages, are made of asphalt concrete.

The width of the main transport links is 6 m, the width of the sidewalks is 3 m.

Main technical and economic indicators of the master plan

- plot area 27000 m ²

- building area 6150 m ²

- asphalt and paving area 12909 m ²

- landscaping area 7941 m ²

- building factor 0.23

- tiling factor 0.48

- greening factor 0.29

- territory utilization factor 0.72

1.3 Space Planning Solution

The building has an irregular shape in plan. The central five-story part is made in the form of a rectangle. On the sides of it are single-storey parts having roundings from the center to the edges.

The main dimensions of the building in axes 139x60 m. The second and subsequent floors have overall dimensions in axes 60x15 m.

The five-story part rises above the one-story, creating a kind of stylobate. The height is underlined by protruding rectangular elements. Height is also emphasized by continuous glazing of the central part. Thus, the issue of lighting the corridors of the hotel is resolved.

Architectural expressiveness is given to the facade by cladding made according to the technology of hinged facades manufactured by SpetsPromKit LLC, Moscow.

The total height of the building from the level of the clean floor of the first floor is 24 m. The height of the one-story part is 5.4 m.

The height of the typical residential floor of the hotel is 3.6 m.

The height of the trading halls and the first floor is 4.2 m.

The height of the technical floor is 2.4 m.

The technical floor is designed to accommodate the communications of the residential part of the hotel.

1.3.1 Hotel

The designed hotel as part of the complex refers to hotels of a general type, small capacity and small storey. Comfort level - I grade.

According to the functional purpose, various hotel premises are combined into residential, public and business units. At the same time, the main components are residential and public. Due to the different location and solution of these parts, various spatial structures of hotels are created. In our case, residential and public parts are located in the same building. In this version, public premises are located in the lower floors, and the residential part is above them. The building area of ​ ​ the lower floor, where public premises are located, exceeds the building area of ​ ​ the residential part, creating a kind of stylobate, above which the residential part of the hotel rises. This technique, which has become widespread in construction practice, allows you to significantly reduce the area of ​ ​ development.

The planning structure of residential floors is adopted in the form of a corridor, on both sides of which there are rooms. The geometric shape of the plan is a rectangle.

Two elevators and a stairwell are used to ensure vertical interconnection of living spaces with the first floor. Dimensions of the staircase in axes 6x3 m.

Separate elevator and stairwell are provided for service personnel.

The total area of ​ ​ residential premises is 1437.98 m ²

Total area of ​ ​ office premises - 1197.06 m ²

Residential floor area - 940.68m ²

Ground floor area - 6149.72 m ²

On each of the residential floors there are floor service rooms with a total area of ​ ​ 52.99 m ²

The hotel includes a food company. Its offices are isolated from other premises.

The total area of ​ ​ the food enterprise is 429.03 m ² .

From it, visitor rooms include:

- dining room with an area of ​ ​ 133.38 m ², equipped with two exits.

- bar with an area of ​ ​ 16.93 m ²

- dressing room with washbasin - 54.54 m ²

Evacuation from residential floors is provided through staircases located at a sufficient distance from each other. Access from the first floor to the outside is through the lobby or through the service entrance of the hotel. There are also two exits to the roof from each stairwell.

1.3.2 Trading institutions

The space planning structure is determined by the functional system of goods movement, takes into account the tasks of introducing advanced technology, the latest equipment and complex mechanization and automation of production processes and provides the creation of an optimal environment for customers.

In order to better organize internal cargo flows and ways of movement of buyers, the planning of trade institutions provides for the separation and isolation of these flows.

The height of the trading rooms is 4.2m.

Trading halls are located in one-story parts of the complex. They have natural side lighting. In each of the halls there are three dispersed exits.

For the delivery of goods to the institution, unloading platforms are provided 0.9 m above the level of the site for cars. The width of the platform is 4 m. They are designed based on the condition of unloading cars from the rear or from the rear and right sides. At the same time unloading platforms are placed under canopies. In this case, from the unloading platform, the goods enter the receiving room.

The total area of ​ ​ each of the trade institutions is 1574.8 m ²

The area of ​ ​ each of the trading rooms is 942.41 m ²

Ventilation chambers, heat units and electric shields are arranged at each of the trading institutions and at the hotel.

1.4 Constructive solution

The building of the hotel trading complex belongs to buildings of the II degree of responsibility. The degree of fire resistance of the multi-storey part is II, the one-storey part is III.

The structural system of the building is a frame steel frame.

The foundation of the building is monolithic foundations of shallow foundation arranged for columns.

Walls are made non-bearing from foam concrete blocks sheathed with insulation, lined with hinged ventilated facades from the outside. The thickness of foam concrete blocks is 200mm. The insulation used is Rockwell 150 mm thick. Wall blocks rest directly on slabs.

Window openings are filled with double glazing windows with aluminum frames. Reinforced concrete bridges PR820.18.12u are arranged above them.

Continuous glazing of trading rooms is made of aluminum frames with filling with double glazing windows.

The columns along the numerical axes have a pitch of 12 m for the one-story part and 15 m for the multi-story part. Along the letter axes, the pitch of the columns is 6 m.

Columns of the single-storey part are made of I-section with plan dimensions of 300x300 mm. The columns of the multi-storey part have a section of 400x400 mm.

Intermediate floors are made in the form of combined slab made of monolithic reinforced concrete and steel profiled flooring. The combined plate rests on runs with a pitch of 2.5 m.

The covering of the single-storey part is made in the form of a steel profiled flooring laid along runs with a pitch of 3 m.

Partitions are made in the form of gypsum board sheets along profiles. KNAUF system. The total thickness of the partitions in the service and public parts is 120 mm. Partitions of residential rooms are made 150 mm thick with filling of space between sheets with soundproofing material. This allows you to create comfortable acoustic conditions in residential rooms.

Wet rooms, such as bathrooms, workshops of the food enterprise are lined with moisture-resistant gypsum board sheets with reduced water absorption (less than 10%) and with increased resistance to moisture penetration.

The remaining rooms are lined with ordinary gypsum board sheets.

The carcass elements are lined with one layer of conventional gypsum board and one layer of gypsum board with increased resistance to open flame to provide the required fire resistance.

The base of the partition frame is the profile. They have a section from 50x50 mm to 100x50 mm.

The soundproofing layer is made of mineral or glass fibre on a synthetic binder.

The main roof materials are the Isolen hydro-insulating layer, a cement brace 30 mm thick, the Ursa insulation 180 mm thick above the hotel and 150 mm above the one-story part.

The water drain from the coating is arranged internal organized. Water is collected by funnels:

The stairs of the multi-storey part are made in the form of reinforced concrete set steps laid along metal cones:

External stairs are made prefabricated reinforced concrete.

The floor designs used vary depending on the purpose of the space. So in the bathrooms, trading rooms, dressing rooms, workshops of the food company, dining room and bar tile floors are used:

The following floors are arranged in the premises of the office staff, such as offices, accounting, archive, ticket office, staff rooms:

In the corridors of the first floor, in storerooms, storage rooms for goods, workshops and warehouses, cement floors are arranged:

In the corridors of residential floors tile floors are arranged:

Living rooms have linoleum floors:

Walls of numbers, offices, receptions and rooms of personnel are pasted over with wall-paper under painting. This allows you to make changes to the room color palette if necessary. The walls of the bathrooms are covered with tiles. In storerooms and warehouses, walls are painted with paint. The hallways and lobby of the hotel have a wall of textured plaster.

Ceilings in service, domestic, administrative rooms, corridors are made of suspended mineral materials. In wet rooms such as bathrooms, showers use metal panels

1.5 Heat Engineering Calculation of Enclosing Structures

In order to reduce heat losses during the winter period and heat inflows during the summer period, thermal engineering calculations of wall fences and floors are carried out during the design of the building.

1) As per Annex 1 of SNiP II379 (1998) we determine the humidity zone.

For the city of Moscow - a normal humidity zone.

2) As per Table 1 we determine humidity mode of rooms - dry mode.

3) As per Appendix 2, we determine the operating conditions of enclosing structures depending on the humidity mode of the premises and the humidity zone of the construction area - A.

4) Determine the degree of heating period

, where

- design temperature of internal air, ° С, accepted according to GOST 12.1.00588 and design standards of the corresponding buildings and structures

- design winter outside air temperature, ° С, equal to the average temperature most

- average temperature, ° С, and duration, day, period with average daily air temperature below or equal to 8 ° С as per SNiP 2.01.01-82

1.5.1 Wall fence

Required resistance to heat transfer of wall enclosing structures, which meets sanitary and hygienic conditions, is determined as per Table 1b

Due to the presence of cold bridges in the form of fastening of the hinged facade structure, we decide to increase the thickness of the insulation embedded in the outer walls to 120 mm, which eliminates the negative effect of the fasteners.

1.5.2 Hotel coverage

Required heat transfer coating resistance corresponding to sanitary and hygienic conditions is determined as per Table 1b

1.5.3 Trade Institutions Coverage

Required heat transfer coating resistance corresponding to sanitary and hygienic conditions is determined as per Table 1b

Total resistance of layers of enclosing structure (lining resistance is not taken into account)

Resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structure

, where

- heat transfer coefficient of inner surface of enclosing structures, accepted as per Table 4

- heat transfer (for winter conditions) of external surface of enclosing structures, accepted as per Table 6

1.6 Process Technology

1.6.1 Hotel

The spatial structure of the hotel provides a clear separation of the flows of guests, service personnel and visitors to public units. Visitors through the main entrance get into the lobby of the hotel, in which the entrance zone is allocated, reception areas (registration of guests and paperwork), waiting, rest and collection of organized groups, information, entrance to food enterprises, communication zone (with elevator halls). Reception and registration area includes: reception and registration office, booking office. When the staff on duty room is located safe. At the booking office there is an operational and facsimile point. Near the main entrance there is a luggage lobby. Luggage storage is located at the lobby. Also for visitors there is an area where there is a communication department and a telephone call point, as well as a first-aid post. Outside the main flows there is a service sanitary and technical unit (bathroom).

Vertical communications (two elevators and a stairwell) are located in the lobby. Entrance to the dining room and bar is through the dressing room, where hand washing shells are equipped.

The administration premises are grouped on the ground floor outside the main streams of residents. They have a separate entrance. At the service entrance there are dressing rooms with showers and a bathroom. For hotel employees, parking is organized for twenty places for cars.

The business premises of the hotels are grouped by the functions performed also on the ground floor. So, with service vertical communications, storage rooms, a reserve warehouse and a room for disassembling laundry are located. Linen is delivered to the floors using an elevator. Workshops and logistics warehouses are grouped into a separate group.

The hotel includes a dining room with a capacity of 100 seats. Its work is carried out on semi-finished products and products of a high degree of readiness. There are four groups of premises in the enterprise: for visitors, for the reception and storage of products, production, office and household.

Rooms for visitors include a dining room with a handout, a wardrobe with a washbasin, a bar. The width of the main aisles in the hall is 1.5 m. The passage to the dining room and bar is through the wardrobe.

Rooms for reception and storage have unloading room with canopy. The width of the platform is 4 m. The height above the ground is 0.9 m, therefore special unloading means are not used. It is designed for the simultaneous unloading of one motor vehicle. Then products are transported to rooms for storage of dry products, vegetables and cooled chambers. Transportation is carried out using trolleys.

From the storage rooms, products go to the pre-preparation workshop. From the pre-preparation shop, products go to the cold shop. From the cold shop are transferred to the hot shop. Ready meals are transferred to the dispensary, which goes directly into the hall. In the hot shop there are washers for the dining room and kitchen utensils, containers.

The fourth group of rooms includes a staff wardrobe equipped with showers and a bathroom, an office of the production manager. The Unit has a common entrance with the hotel administration.

On each floor of the residential part of the hotel there is a group of floor service rooms, separated from the room area. This group has its own vertical communications, not related to communications for visitors.

With elevators and staircases, each living floor has a lounge designed for rest and waiting. From the hall there is access to the balcony.

The total capacity of the hotel is 96 seats. It includes 36 double rooms and 24 single rooms. Each room has a bathroom with bath, toilet and sink. The rooms are equipped with separate balconies.

1.6.2 Trade institutions

Trading institutions in the complex - a store of sports equipment and clothing, a store of household electric goods.

Functionally, a trading institution is divided into three groups of premises. The main group are trading rooms. They have natural lighting. The second group of premises for receiving and storing goods. The third group is a group of office and household premises.

Visitors have access to trade institutions through separate entrances. Both have non-food purposes and separate settlement points with buyers. The goods in the trading rooms are placed in parallel rows on the shelves, between which there are passages with a width of at least 1.5 m. The main passages have a width of at least 2.5 m. The goods are delivered to the counter using trolleys by the employees of the trading room.

The second group of rooms includes unloading, receiving and storage rooms for goods. They are delivered through unloading stations, each of which is intended for simultaneous unloading of two vehicles. The unloading station is equipped with a canopy and has a width of 4 m. Then the goods go to the receiving rooms, from which the goods are manually delivered by carts to the premises for storing goods. They are located along large sides of trading rooms. Access to these premises is provided either directly from the trading premises or through the service corridor. Delivery of goods to the hall is carried out directly from the storage rooms.

The office premises have their own entrance. They consist of dressing rooms for staff with showers and bathrooms, premises of the administration of trading institutions, technical premises.

Access to office premises from trading rooms is provided.

1.7 Technical and economic indicators

Number of floors - 5

Building area - 6047.8 m ²

The total area of ​ ​ the residential floor is 960.48 m ²

including residential rooms - 239.6 m ²

The total area of ​ ​ the first floor is 6047.8 m ²

including:

- trading rooms - 1884.82 m ²

- dining room - 133.38 m ²

- bar - 16.93 m ²

The total area of ​ ​ the building is 9889.72 m ²

Building volume - 40960.5 m ³

Sanitary and technical systems

2.1 Hotel engineering equipment

The hotel buildings are provided with heating, water supply with cold and hot water supply, sewage systems, ventilation and air conditioning systems, power supply and electrical equipment systems, gasification (for some operations in the procurement shop of the power supply unit), mechanical devices and systems, communication and alarm systems, broadcasting, etc.

Automated metering systems are provided for water and heat consumption and power supply networks.

When selecting equipment for engineering systems, the principles of modular coordination, uniformity and unification should be taken into account.

All equipment systems and devices used in hotels must be repairable taking into account the change of units and parts. For large and heavy equipment installation hatches and lifting devices shall be provided.

The main entrances to the hotel are equipped with air-heat curtains.

The engineering equipment of the hotel is autonomous from the systems of trading institutions.

2.1.1 Water and heat supply

For various blocks of hotel buildings, including for residential and public parts, separate networks (separate branches) of heat and water supply are provided.

In order to improve the temperature and humidity parameters of hotel premises, it is allowed to use electric, air (combined with ventilation systems), radiant and other heating systems, including ionization and humidifying installations.

Air heating is recommended for workshops and parts of offices and areas.

The hotel uses systems for recycling heat generated in the building, including the secondary use of coolant energy.

Pipelines are laid stealthily. The residential part of the hotel has a wiring through the technical floor. In the power supply unit, wiring is performed on the walls. In residential rooms, risers are hidden in niches made of gypsum board.

Accommodation, type, appearance, surface temperature of heating devices and other equipment shall correspond to the hotel category and interior character. Screens shall not significantly reduce heat transfer of instruments.

2.1.2 Sewerage

The hotel building provides for systems of economic, industrial and storm sewage, drainage systems, as well as, if necessary, drainage of the territory.

Water heating systems have drainage lines with water diversion to a nearby drainage station.

In rooms with wet cleaning of solid floor coverings, with wet processes, at entrances to the building, etc. systems and devices for removing water from the floor are provided.

Sewage risers are hidden in niches made of gypsum board.

2.1.3 Ventilation and air conditioning

A small hotel uses naturally induced ventilation systems.

Air conditioning systems are used in public spaces, such as the lobby and dining room with a population of 50 people or more.

Also, an individual air conditioning system is provided in administrative premises (accounting, office of the director and reception of the director, office of the deputy director).

Air removal from rooms is provided through sanitary units.

The rooms are equipped with individual air conditioners.

2.1.4 Power supply and electrical equipment

In the hotel buildings there are networks, intermediate and final power supply devices, carried out in accordance with the requirements of PUE 86 and VSN 5988. Category of electric receivers according to the degree of reliability assurance is accepted in accordance with the instructions of VSN 5988.

The hotel provides additional independent (including battery) power supplies with limited operating time to ensure normal evacuation.

Uninterruptible power supply units are provided for computer networks and fire protection systems, security alarms, means and communication systems.

In hotel buildings, a 380/220 V system is used with a blind ground zero point of transformers and with a five-wire electric circuit. In all supply networks, a power reserve of 15-30% should be provided, and in communication units the same protection of contact groups should be provided.

Electric lighting of rooms is provided in the following groups:

- residential, public, administrative premises, escape routes;

- auxiliary rooms;

- technical rooms;

- outdoor lighting.

Working, evacuation, emergency and security lighting is performed. The rooms shall have common as well as local and working lighting (bedside, washbasin, mirrors, etc.). Also in the rooms there are light controllers of general and bedside lighting.

In the public premises of the hotel, general lighting is performed, adjustable in brightness (smoothly or in jumps), as well as in zones - local point, scattering, reflected lighting. General and working lighting is provided in the administration premises and on duty stations. When using computers at workplaces, glare-free scattering lamps are installed.

On the main facade of the building above the entrance to the hotel there is a luminescent advertisement with the name of the hotel, a trademark, the number of stars.

For rearranged decorative lighting fixtures in the necessary areas of public premises or on the territory of the hotel, a 12V outlet network with short circuit protection is performed.

A system of light or illuminated signs of the entrance, directions of movement, parking places, names of halls, food companies, etc., as well as signs of fire hydrants, escape routes, hotel addresses on the facade, etc., is provided in the hotel's adjacent areas and in the hotel building.

Emergency lighting is performed for the reception service, DPC, communication unit, electrical panels, fire protection stations - within 5% of working lighting. Evacuation lighting of hotels is provided in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 230595 and PUE-86.

2.1.5 Low-current and electronic systems and devices

The hotel needs an electrical clockwork.

Television distribution networks circuits from inputs of receiving systems or outputs of DRS amplifiers (house distribution network) to inputs of television receivers shall provide signal transmission with minimum distortion and attenuation. The design provides embedded devices for attachment of television antennas.

The reception of satellite television is provided, as well as the possibility of entering computer networks of various specialization and coverage.

TV connection devices should be provided in all residential premises of hotels and in all main public premises.

The hotel provides telephony with direct or indirect access to subscribers in the city, as well as internal telephone and selector networks. Personnel search communication systems, selector equipment for management, technical and duty personnel, radio communications of security services, etc. are also used.

Hotel rooms are equipped with security alarms. The call system is executed from the service personnel numbers.

2.2 Engineering equipment of trading institutions

2.2.1 Water supply and sewerage

The institutions provide for: domestic drinking water supply of cold and hot water, domestic sewerage, drains, internal fire water supply, designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0185, SNiP 2.08.0289 *.

Cold and hot water water meters are installed in stores.

Water metering units are installed on branches of pipelines to institutions.

The sewage system is separate from the hotel.

In the rooms for storage of harvesting equipment there are shells, ladders, as well as cranes of cold and hot water.

2.2.2 Heating and ventilation

Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and emergency smoke ventilation of trading institutions are designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0591 *, SNiP 2.08.0289 *.

Separate branches of water heating systems should be provided for trading rooms as well as for unloading rooms.

Duty heating in trading rooms is designed for air temperature plus 10 degrees C.

Independent recording of coolant flow rate for each institution is provided.

The heating system of each trading institution is designed separately from the hotel as part of the complex.

At each of the inputs, an air-heat curtain on electricity is performed.

In the premises of institutions, a forced air exchange system is installed with compensation for the taken air.

In the trading rooms, air recirculation is used, while external air should be supplied in the amount of at least 20 m3/h per person.

The ventilation system of institutions is designed isolated from the premises of the hotel.

In the pantry rooms, a natural ventilation system with independent channels is performed.

2.2.3 Electrical devices

In each of the institutions, one common inlet switchgear or main switchgear is performed to receive electricity from the city grid and distribute it to the consumers of electricity.

VRU or GRF are located in specially allocated locking rooms (electric panels) with the degree of protection of IPOO.

Electric panels shall be provided with electric lighting, ventilation and temperature not lower than plus 5 ° С.

Supply lines of working and emergency lighting, lighting of display cases, advertising and illumination are designed independently from RTD and GRSh.

Power supply of electric receivers of fire-fighting devices and security alarm regardless of category of reliability of power supply is performed from different inputs, and at one input - by two lines from this input with device of automatic switching on of reserve (ATS).

Power distribution to power distribution boards, points and group boards of the electric lighting network is carried out according to the main circuit.

In power distribution networks, no more than four electric receivers with a power of up to 3 kW each, as well as no more than two with a power of up to 5 kW each, should be connected according to the main circuit. The unit power of electric receivers supplied according to the main circuit must not differ by more than 25%.

If there are more than two cash registers in the trading room, they should be fed from two lines. The number of cash registers fed by a single line is not limited.

Sockets with protective shutters, designed for connection of harvesting machines, as well as for checking electro and radiotovars, are installed in trading rooms.

Control of working lighting in trading rooms is performed by centralized remote control.

The lighting of storage areas for the preparation of goods for sale is controlled for each room with the possibility of centralized remote disconnection. Local lighting control switches are located outdoors on non-combustible structures and placed in cabinets or niches of building structures.

Emergency lighting lamps are installed in trading rooms, as well as above cash registers.

The institutions provide: city telephone communication and radio broadcasting, automatic fire alarms, a system for notifying people about a fire.

Construction structures

3.1 Structural framework system

In structural system of frame two subsystems of load-bearing structures are distinguished:

1. horizontal structures

2. vertical structures

Horizontal structures provide geometric immutability in plan, transfer loads applied to them to vertical structures, participate in spatial work of the whole structure as diaphragms, prevent mutual displacement of unevenly loaded vertical elements. Horizontal structures are girders, runs and combined floor or SPN.

Vertical structures perform the main bearing functions, ultimately perceive all loads applied to the system, transferring them to the foundation. Columns act as vertical structures.

Frame systems according to the method of providing their spatial stiffness and geometric immutability are divided into frame, link, frame-link. In our case, a frame diagram has been adopted.

In the transverse direction, rigidity and invariability of the frame are ensured by rigid attachment of the girders to the columns. Attachment of columns to foundations is hinged.

In the longitudinal direction, the rigidity and invariability of the frame is ensured by rigid pinching of the columns in the foundations. The attachment of the girders in this case is hinged.

The received pitch of the columns in the longitudinal direction is 6m, in the transverse direction - 12m. Run step 3m.

A single-storey frame is designed, having 5 spans in the transverse direction, and from 3 to 10 spans in the longitudinal direction. Calculation diagram

3.2 Load collection

The following loads apply to the frame:

- dead weight of coating and structures

- snow load

- wind load

Building bases and foundations

4.1 Binding of the designed building to the existing terrain of the construction site

The natural relief of the construction site with dimensions of ABxCD=226x120 m has a slight difference in height along absolute elevations within the length of the building, which was 142.25140.75 = 1.5 m. This indicates that the natural relief of the site is relatively "calm." We decide to "smooth" the existing natural relief within the contour, taking the relief with a slope of 0.002.

The absolute elevation of the layout surface is taken to be 141.5 m. Then the design "red" elevations of the design relief of the corners of the construction site will be

4.2 Assessment of engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site

Assessment of engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of the construction site consists in specifying the names of each engineering-geological element, as well as in determining the derivatives and classification characteristics of soils and initial design resistance.

4.2.1 Calculation of soil characteristics

The calculation is carried out in the order of the EGE of soil from the ground surface along the first well, as the closest to the design section.

4.3 Calculation and design of shallow foundations in section I-I

We carry out calculation of the bases for alphabetic axis M and digital 6 (FMZ1) and 7 (FMZ2).

Construction is underway in Moscow.

The basement is missing.

The power, initial design resistance and soil deformation modulus of IGE1 are sufficient to use this soil layer as a carrier.

We assign the concrete class of the B20 foundation. Thickness of protective layer.

4.3.1 FMZ-1 calculation

Calculation and design of the foundation (FMZ1) in section I-I is performed according to the given design load on the foundation cut:

4.3.1.1 Determination of foundation height (FMZ1)

Determination of the design height of the foundation

4.5 Calculation of foundation bodies

4.5.1 Calculation of FMZ-1

4.5.1.1 Foundation Design

We assign the number and height of the foundation stages, taking them a multiple of 0.15m.

Since, we accept one stage of the foundation, while the height of the stage is taken equal.

Final height of plate part and final working height of plate part

We assign the dimensions of the stage consoles of the plate part, taking them a multiple of 0.15m.

4.5.1.2 Calculation of foundation strength for forcing

Since the pyramid of pressing goes beyond the base of the foundation, the calculation for pressing is not carried out.

4.5.1.3 Calculation of cracking strength

We verify that the condition is met

Bzhd

5.1 Fire protection requirements

In accordance with SNiP 210197 * "Fire Safety of Buildings and Structures," the hotel included in the complex belongs in terms of functional fire hazard to class F1.2, trade institutions - to class F3.1. Floors of these classes have at least two evacuation exits. The width of the main evacuation exits is not less than 0.8 m, the height in the light is not less than 1.9 m. The direction of door opening is towards the exits from the building.

The capacity of the hotel is 96 seats, the number of floors is 5. In accordance with item 1.36 of SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003) "Public buildings and structures," the number of places for III degree of fire resistance should not exceed 150, and in accordance with table 1, the largest number of floors - 5.

The area of ​ ​ the fire compartment for the residential floors of the hotel is 1142m ². One floor of the hotel is accepted as a fire compartment. In accordance with Table 1 of SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003), the largest area of ​ ​ the fire compartment for 5-story buildings of the III degree of fire resistance is 2000 m ².

The distance from the farthest point of the living floor to the nearest escape exit is 30 m. In accordance with paragraph 1.109 of SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003), the density of human flow for hotels is determined by column 4 of table 10 and is taken from 3 to 4 people/m ². The largest normalized distance to the nearest evacuation exit is 40 m.

The largest area of ​ ​ the fire compartment of trading institutions is 942m ². In accordance with SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003) for the III degree of fire resistance, the largest area of ​ ​ the compartment is taken to be 1000m ².

The distance from the furthest point of the trading room to the evacuation exit is 30 m. The ratio of the area of ​ ​ the main evacuation passages to the total area of ​ ​ the trading hall is 25%. In accordance with the table 8 SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003) for halls of less than 5 thousand. m3 III of fire resistance maximum distance to evacuation outlet - 35 m.

Thus, the building of the complex has III degree of fire resistance and its structures must meet the following requirements for the fire resistance limit

The adopted type of fire barriers separating trading institutions from the hotel - walls of the 1st type with the 1st type of filling of openings.

The first floor of the hotel is divided into 3 fire compartments - a food company, a reception and lobby group and an administrative group of premises. The accepted type of barriers is type 1 walls.

Warehouses of trade institutions are separated from other premises by fire partitions of the 1st type in accordance with paragraph 1.74 of SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003).

Around the perimeter of the building there is a passage for fire engines at a distance from the walls within 5-8 m and 6 m wide.

Trading halls have an area of ​ ​ 942m ² each. According to paragraph 1.112 of SNiP 2.08.0289 * (2003), one person in the trading room accounts for 1.35 m ². Then the estimated number of simultaneously located in the trading room is determined

5.2 Evaluation of fire resistance of the column

5.2.1 Initial data

Fire resistance of the trade institution column is calculated by loss of bearing capacity. Column is located in letter axis M and numeric 13.

5.3 Organization of safe performance of works during installation of the service oil

Prior to installation, upon completion of installation and fixation of all coating structures, perform a number of works:

- pull the safety ropes along the perimeter of the building on the racks attached to the end girders and runs of the extreme rows of the building

- put other safety ropes (with a slight tension) directly on the runs, on which the sheets of laid flooring are supported by their ends.

Fasteners of safety ropes, including struts, shall be installed before lifting of corresponding structures. Attach the struts using clamps. Installation, tension and attachment of safety ropes located along the perimeter of the building shall be carried out using mechanized lifts, and installation and attachment of safety ropes laid along the girders shall be carried out using PVU2, to which the operating one shall be attached before moving along the girder with a safety belt sling.

The general direction of the profiled flooring installation is taken from the end of the building, near which the stairs are located, to the other, and in the span - from one axis of the row to the other.

First, use the crane to install the first and second plates to be mounted. Reception of the first sheet is carried out by two workers, one of which is located on the staircase (with the safety belt attached to its structure by a sling), and the other - on the run at the other end of the mounted sheet, where it passes from the staircase, having previously attached with a sling carbine to the safety rope. After careful alignment, the first one is pre-fixed, for which the operator, attached by the safety belt sling to the structure of the staircase, shoots this sheet to the end run with two dowels, and then, fixed by the safety belt to the safety rope, passes successively to neighboring runs and shoots the flooring to them. After that, check and attach with all self-threaded bolts in the same sequence and with the same precautions the second sheet and install the combined rivets between the first and second sheets. Then attach the first sheet with self-threaded bolts, install and attach the PLP to the extreme row run.

Installation of the third and fourth sheets is performed by three or more working ones. Feed the sheets in an inverted position (these sheets will take the design position during tilting). Take the sheets on the previously installed second sheet (for convenience of subsequent works, shift the accepted sheet to one corrugation towards laying). Roll the third sheet and put it in the design position with preliminary attachment with four self-threaded bolts (2 each in different runs). In this case, the operator attached to the HLP by the belt carbine, being on the middle of the mounted sheet, should help to roll this sheet and attach it. After that, move the fourth sheet towards the design position, roll, lay according to the project, attach with self-threaded bolts and combined rivets. When pulling the third and subsequent sheets, the workers located on the side of their ends must be attached to the rope laid along the runs.

The process of laying subsequent sheets is similar to the third and fourth sheets.

When carrying out work on laying, transportation and fixing of sheets of profiled flooring, it is strictly forbidden to find those working on loose sheets: access to sheets is allowed after their uniform fixation along the perimeter by at least 30% of fixing devices.

When approaching the fixed flooring sheets to the height difference limit during the work, the workers must be fixed with a safety belt carbine to the safety rope or LDP.

When installing sheets, it is necessary to take into account the presence of a hazardous area of ​ ​ the installation crane mounting span structures. At the same time, workers engaged in acceptance, pulling and laying of boards should not go beyond the dangerous area of ​ ​ the installation crane.

Technology and organization of construction

6.1 Work Execution Project

6.1.1 Process of works execution

The organization of work on the construction of structural structures and floors of a five-story part is considered using the example of one floor:

1) installation of columns

2) installation of girders

3) installation of runs

4) stacking of professional equipment

5) laying of rebar grids

6) concrete supply and laying

The one-story part is constructed in the following sequence:

1) installation of columns

2) installation of girders

3) installation of runs

4) installation of the profiler

a) Installation of columns

The thread of the anchor bolts shall be checked and lubricated before installation of the columns. Check by turning the nuts. In order to protect the thread when the string is lowered during threading, safety caps made of roofing steel or gas pipes with a cone top should be put on to facilitate passage into the holes of the plate.

Adjusted nuts are installed in columns. Turn the nuts with the required accuracy of installation of the upper surface. Install the raised column, resting on the screwed nuts and combining the hairlines on the column with the laying axes. The vertical position of the column is ensured by the accuracy of the installation of the nuts and, if necessary, can be straightened by twisting them. After installation, fix the position of the column by setting washers and fixing the plate with second nuts, which clamp the base plates and ensure stability of the column. Refine the reconciled columns with fine-grained concrete.

Before mounting the columns, spread along the row of their installation onto wooden gaskets at an angle. Before lifting the columns, furnish with scaffolding: stairs and platforms, as well as mounting fittings.

Install it without moving the crane by turning the boom. Place the parking lot so that the boom flyout allows, turning the clone to the vertical position without changing it, to put it on the foundation. With simultaneous lifting of the column and turning of the boom, dangerous deviation of the lifting polyspast from the vertical is possible. Perform all operations at minimum speed.

Perform slinging above center of gravity to take vertical position after lifting. To ensure the vertical position of the column during its installation, the sling must be fixed along the axis of the center of gravity of the column or cover it on two sides. Attach sling by special holes provided.

Perform all reconciliation works until columns are disassembled and fixed. Perform the required verticality check with two traverses.

b) Installation of girders and runs

Installation shall be performed by separate elements. Previously, you must apply risks to the elements. Install the girders but support plates, attach them to the vertical plates with mounting bolts. Lower belt, vertical ribs, upper plate are fixed by mounting welding. After all required welds have been completed, remove the mounting bolts. When reconciliation is completed, attach the runs by installation welding.

Sling is performed with two-branch sling, fixing ends of gripping by upper belt. It is also possible to sling with a two-branched sling "on the landfill" with a lock with a remote disassembly. Attach the lock pin pulling-out cable at the ends of the elements near their attachment point.

Layout of girders and runs along the row of their installation on wooden gaskets at an angle.

c) Installation of steel profiled flooring

Connect the flooring sheets to each other overlapping with combined rivets. The flooring is attached to runs and girders with self-cutting bolts.

Lay the flooring sheets along the work front line. Lay the sheet packages on the liners, and cover with water-protective material from above. The flooring shall be installed after completion of installation and fixation of all underlying structures.

Sling shall be performed using crossbeams and grips, which are brought under the flooring wave. Lay from one end to the other, from the edge to the middle. To install the bolts in place, drill the holes into which to screw the bolt to failure.

6.1.2 Selection of crane type and their binding to the object.

Depending on the overall dimensions of the building under construction and the conditions of the construction site (distance to existing structures), we accept the option of installing one tower crane for the installation of a five-story part installed on the side of the erected part. For the construction of single-story parts, boom self-propelled caterpillar cranes are adopted.

Selection and binding of the crane is performed taking into account installation of structures or lifting of weights in the container of the largest mass Q, at the longest distance (the largest operating flight of the crane hook suspension - Rrab) from the axis of the crane rail track and at the highest lifting height - Nrab.

Calculation of the main operating parameters of the crane: lifting capacity, departure and lifting height of the hook is carried out analytically by the masses of the largest weights, the largest distances and elevations of their lifting from the axis of the crane track and the elevation of the rail heads, taking into account the load gripping devices, the size of the safety zones and the size of the cargo (containers).

6.2 Planning Schedule Design

The construction schedule on the basis of the general organizational and technical scheme establishes the order and terms of construction of the main and auxiliary buildings and structures.

According to the construction schedule, schedules are drawn up for the need for work personnel, material resources, basic machines and mechanisms. The volume of construction works and the need for parts, semi-finished products and basic materials are determined by the data of typical projects, projects of analogues or by the current reference books of calculation standards.

The initial data for the calendar plan are: estimated and other parts of the project (RP), including separate sections of the PIC, developed before the calendar plan, bill of quantities, calculations of necessary resources, organizational and technological schemes for the construction of main buildings and structures and a description of methods of complex construction and construction, regulatory or policy (established) terms for the construction of the complex and its parts.

The basis for the construction of calendar plans is the principle of in-line construction. To speed up the work, it is advisable to combine the work. The correct combination of work in time makes it possible to achieve conditions under which not only the duration of construction is reduced, but also a more rational use of resources, both material and labor, is achieved. The organization of in-line production in construction provides for:

a) splitting the production process into separate works, preferably equal or multiple in terms of labor intensity

b) establishment of a reasonable sequence of works and interconnection of interconnected works into a common aggregate process, and their synchronization, thereby achieving continuity of construction production

c) fixing of certain types of work to certain teams of workers, establishing the sequence of inclusion of individual objects in the flow and movement of teams during the work

6.3 Construction Plot Plan

6.3.1 Design Philosophy

The construction site plan is the site master plan, which shows the arrangement of the main installation and lifting mechanisms, temporary buildings, structures and installations built and used during the construction period.

The construction plan is part of the integrated construction documentation and its solutions should be linked to the rest of the project, including the accepted work technology and construction deadlines set by the schedules. Construction plan solutions shall meet the requirements of construction standards. The solutions of the construction plan should ensure the rational passage of cargo flows along the site by reducing the number of transshipments and reducing the distance of transportation. These requirements, first of all, apply to especially heavy goods. Proper placement of mounting mechanisms and warehouses is the main solution to this problem. The construction plan should ensure the most complete satisfaction of the domestic needs of construction workers, the decisions made should meet the requirements of safety, fire safety and environmental protection.

Temporary construction costs should be minimal. Their reduction is achieved by using permanent facilities, reducing the volume of temporary buildings. The object construction plan is designed separately for all types of buildings and structures under construction, which are part of the general construction plan. For complex objects, a construction plan can be drawn up for various stages and types of work.

The initial data for the development of the object construction plan are the site-wide construction plan, made at the previous stage of design, the schedule and process charts, the PDP of this object, updated calculations of resource requirements, as well as detailed drawings of the building.

When designing an object construction plan, it is not enough to determine the dimensions of the storage rooms in the area of ​ ​ the lifting mechanism, it is necessary to lay out and assemble structures by types and grades, accurately show the place for certain materials, packagings, equipment and equipment. Once the warehouses have been placed, they are moved to a temporary structure reference. The next stage of the design is the binding of temporary communications, including the point of connection to permanent communications.

6.3.2 Calculation and design of temporary inventory buildings

The determination of the areas of temporary buildings and structures is made according to the maximum number of people working (according to the calendar plan) simultaneously on the construction site and the standard area per person using these premises.

6.3.3 Location of temporary buildings and structures

When placing buildings and structures are guided by the following rules:

- domestic facilities are located near the entrances to the construction site

- accommodation of domestic premises excludes safety violation, is not performed in the crane hazardous area

- buildings are located in compliance with fire breaks

6.3.4 Calculation of storage rooms and platforms

Storage areas are calculated in the following sequence:

1) According to the calendar plan, the maximum daily demand is determined taking into account the uneven arrival and consumption of materials and structures

2) Stock of stored materials is determined

3) Storage type selected

4) The required area is calculated (taking into account the accommodation standards)

5) Site storage location selected

6) Warehouses are linked

7) Element-by-element arrangement of structures and products in open warehouses

Warehouses for the storage of material and technical resources are built in compliance with the standards of warehouses and production stocks.

Sites for building structures storage are located in the crane area taking into account the installation process sequence. The dimensions of the platforms are taken according to the dimensions of the structures, taking into account the passages.

6.3.5 Calculation of Construction Water Demand

Temporary water supply networks are designed to meet the production, household and fire-fighting needs of construction.

Place the water supply at the facility according to the circular scheme, which is the most reliable. The design consists of the following steps:

- calculation of water demand

- selection of water supply sources

-Locating the network on site

- calculation of pipe diameter

6.4 Job Instruction for Hinged Ventilated Facade Device

6.4.1 Scope of application

The process plan has been developed for the device of ventilated facades.

The ventilated facade system consists of the following structural elements:

- fastening brackets fixed to the wall of the facade to be lined and used to attach vertical guides

- thermal insulation layer acting as insulation and wind protection of building walls

- horizontal and vertical guides, which are an integral part of the frame

- facing layer - main guarding and decorative structure of the facade

Work on the arrangement of the ventilated facade is carried out at a temperature from minus 15 to plus 25 ° C. When performing work in adverse weather conditions, the workplaces should be protected with canopies or tents.

The following issues are considered as part of the Job Instruction:

- preparatory works

- mounting of brackets

- insulation of facades

- structural frame arrangement

- external lining arrangement

The labor regime is adopted on the basis of the optimal pace of performance of labor processes, with a rational organization of the workplace, a clear distribution of duties among the workers of the team, taking into account the distribution of labor, the use of a mechanized tool and equipment.

All works on the installation of the facade system are carried out in accordance with the requirements of the design documentation, PPM, and this JI.

6.4.2 Procedure and organization of works performance

6.4.2.1 Quality requirements of previous works

The following works shall be performed prior to installation works:

- civil works on facades to be insulated have been completed

- on the basis of the as-built survey, make sweeping drawings of the building facade sections, on which it is indicated:

a) deflection of lines of planes of structural structures, walls, floors, parapets

b) features of relief of lined structures and adjoining facade elements, protrusions, swings, window and door openings, architectural features, ventilation grids, stained glass windows, ledges, places of adjoining system structures

c) deviation in curvilinear of radial structures of mounted facades and complex structures of the building

- facade markup completed

- lighting fixtures shall be removed from facades, sill plums, lights or lighting floodlights shall be removed

Scaffolding tools (scaffolding) must be prepared for installation of the system.

When installing scaffolding, the posts shall be supported on steel shoes and fixed to the facade by anchors through one vertical and horizontal unit. The gap between the working flooring and facing shall not exceed 150 mm.

Materials, tools and equipment shall be prepared in accordance with specifications before installation of ventilated facades with facade cassettes. Material quality inspection is the contractor's responsibility. Quality control and acceptance of performed works should be performed in accordance with the current regulatory and technical documents.

Prior to the installation of ventilated facades, tents must be prepared to protect the insulation and structures of the building from precipitation, safety canopies, fenced off hazardous areas, installed, tested and adopted scavenging equipment.

A team consisting of:

- installer of building structures of the 5th category - 1 person.

- installer of building structures of 4 categories - 1 person.

- erector of building structures of the 3rd category - 1 person.

It is necessary to train workers in the methods of work execution, familiarize them with the site organization given by the Job Instruction, conduct safety training and instruct them on safe methods of work execution.

To perform works on installation of the system, the building is divided into grips and the order and sequence of movement of installers from one gripper to another is determined.

6.4.2.2 Installation of ventilated facades system

1) Surface marking and mounting of brackets

Installation of the system begins with elevation markings. It should be carried out in a separate flow on the entire work front.

Geodetic survey and marking of the facade must be carried out using geodetic instruments, high-precision levels with a large base, plumbs. The installation locations of the subsystem brackets shall be marked in strict accordance with the design documentation. Errors made during marking will inevitably lead to deviations in the system parameters. The correctness of the markup should be monitored continuously.

Before you perform a layout, check the overall dimensions of the elevations and compare them with the data in the drawings, and check the dimension chains in the drawings and their binding to the characteristic elements of the elevation wall. The markup is brought to the wall surface using optical instruments and fixed with indelible paint.

The brackets are placed on the wall facade, as a rule, in increments within: vertically from 600 to 1200 mm, horizontally from 350 to 800 mm, extending from the edge of the wall at least 100 mm to the axis of the bracket.

After marking the facade, holes for anchor fasteners are drilled at attachment points of brackets and brackets are mounted to the wall. To reduce heat loss and eliminate the "cold" bridge, a paronite gasket is installed under them at the points where the brackets adjoin the wall. Drilling shall be carried out by means of an electric drill according to the applied marks.

The use of fasteners other than those specified in the design documentation is not allowed.

The diameter of the holes should correspond to the type of dowel (anchor) used, the depth of the holes should exceed by at least 15 mm the length of the dowel's sealing into the wall. In cases where masonry is the base, it is impossible to install dowels in masonry seams, while the distance from the center of the dowel to the spoon seam should not be less than 35 mm, and from the stamen - 60 mm.

The bracket design allows alignment of the grid plane up to 30 mm to create an even surface for the lining.

The brackets are fixed to the wall with anchors selected according to the wall material using a washer. Fastening is carried out by one or two anchors (as calculated).

2) Installation of insulation plates

The wall on which the insulation plates are installed must be protected from moisture ingress.

Installation of insulation plates is carried out from bottom to top. Insulation plates shall be tightly mounted to each other so that there are no white voids in the seams. If voids cannot be avoided, they must be sealed with the same material.

Plastic poppet-type dowel anchors with spacer rods are used to attach insulation plates to the base. The length of the dowels depends on the thickness of the insulation, the flow rate is at least 7 pcs per 1 m2. For installation of dowel anchors, the plate must be pre-cut and a hole drilled in the wall.

The diameter of the drilled hole shall correspond to the outer diameter of the dowel-anchor bushing.

In the case of using wind-proof film, the installed insulation plates are first fixed with 2 dowels (each plate) and only after covering with the film the rest provided for by the design are installed. Film cloths are installed with an overlap of 100 mm.

Attachment of the insulation plate fixed by dowel-anchor devices shall be handed over to the Customer with preparation of a concealed works certificate.

3) Setting profiles

Installation of the frame can be carried out in two ways:

The profile is oriented horizontally, must be attached to the brackets with two SMASH 24.8x28 self-cutting screws or rivets. The design of the brackets allows the horizontal screen to be aligned (straightened) up to 30 mm to create an even surface for the cassettes. If this is not sufficient, it is necessary to install brackets of a different length.

On the plane formed by horizontal screen it is necessary to install the main vertical screen from U-shaped profile using SMESH24.8x28 self-cutting screws. The main profiles of the vertical screen are mounted along the vertical joints of the facade plates, the distance between the profiles must be clearly maintained. If the width of the plate is more than 700 mm, it is necessary to additionally install intermediate profiles between the main profiles.

The compensating clearance between the profiles shall be 615 mm. Brackets are installed on both sides of compensation clearance at the distance:

- not more than 450 mm for vertical profiles;

- not more than 300 mm for horizontal profiles.

4) Installation of shaped elements

Shaped elements are attached to vertical screen. The visible part of the main profiles of the vertical screen has a colored polymer coating or is covered with a decorative color strip.

A horizontal seam plate is installed along the lower row of panels, which is attached to the vertical guide by self-cutting screws or rivets.

In window and door openings steel galvanized shaped articles with polymer coating are installed, forming boxes, which are fixed with self-cutting screws or rivets with spacing of 300500 mm to window or door block, on one side and to framing of opening from Z-shaped profiles on the other side.

For the framing of window and door openings, the finishing bars are complex, sloping bars with dimensions according to the project or bars of external angles (30x30, 50x50, 75x75 mm).

On the bottom of the window frame, a window drain bar with project dimensions is installed.

6.4.3 Transportation and storage of articles and materials

Profiles must be delivered to the object according to the specification. Transportation is performed in packages. During transportation, measures must be taken to protect the metal profile from mechanical damage.

The profile shall be stored in packed form on wooden linings in dry closed storage rooms with hard floor covering. It is not allowed to store profiles on open sites.

Fasteners are transported in batches in containers. Each package must contain products of the same type. The attachment elements are accepted in batches. During acceptance, the integrity of the package, marking, quality certificate is checked.

It is necessary to store the fasteners in the manufacturer's package in closed rooms.

Insulation plates are transported by all modes of transport in accordance with GOST and cargo transportation rules. They must be stored under conditions that prevent moisture penetration.

Panels shall be accepted in batches. Panels made on a single order are considered a batch. For quality control, you must select one panel from each box in one batch. Each shipment shall be accompanied by a document containing:

- name or trademark of the manufacturer

- consumer name

- order number

- quantity and number of boxes with the mass of each box

- total weight of panels in the order

- technical control stamp of the manufacturer

Panels are transported by transport of all types in accordance with the rules of carriage and the conditions for loading and fixing of goods valid for transport of this type.

Panels during transportation must be fixed and reliably protected from movement.

During transportation and storage the panels shall be placed in not more than 2 tiers.

Materials and products subject to mandatory certification shall have a certificate of conformity. Materials and articles subject to hygienic registration shall have a certificate of hygienic registration.

6.4.4 Requirements for quality and acceptance of works

Quality control, signing of concealed works certificates and final acceptance certificate of lined structures shall be carried out by the following officials who bear legal responsibility for the quality of works.

- engineering and technical personnel of the contractor (master, foreman), who must monitor the correct performance of all works, prevent violations of the technology and timely correct errors made, organize a collective examination and acceptance of hidden works with the preparation of acts;

- designers - authors of the project, who should monitor the correct implementation of design decisions on the composition and quality of execution. For this purpose, the author's supervision with maintenance of the log shall be organized at the construction site;

- the representative of technical supervision should regularly monitor the correctness of design solutions execution, compliance with the work execution technology, participate in quality control and acceptance of hidden works. The representative of technical supervision of the customer has the right to prohibit the work in case of identification of circumstances causing quality deterioration

Quality of raw materials and components shall be guaranteed by the supplier. The parameters of the supplied parts shall be specified in the passports and shall comply with the requirements of the project.

During the acceptance of lining and insulation of the stack, step-by-step acceptance quality control shall be carried out by the quality control service, the execution of each of the structural elements, with a record of the work log and the preparation of hidden work certificates. The following works, structures and structural elements are subject to mandatory intermediate inspection and acceptance with the preparation of an act for hidden works:

- prepared surfaces of walls to be lined

- structural frame

- insulation layer and fasteners

- facing with facade cassettes (final act)

Final acceptance of ventilated facade with facade cassettes shall be performed by all persons responsible for quality in presence of customer representative and executed by signing of acceptance certificate. The following documents shall be attached to the Final Acceptance Certificate:

- project documentation:

- documents certifying the quality of materials

- acts for hidden works

- work performance log with indication of temperature and atmospheric conditions under which works were performed.

6.5 Key Safety Measures

When performing works on lining and insulation of the walls of the facades of buildings, observe the requirements of SNiP, PPB and other regulatory documents.

The works shall be carried out by specially trained workers under the supervision and supervision of engineering and technical workers. Workers who have undergone a medical examination, a set of instructions on safety and fire safety rules are allowed to perform the work.

The instructions shall be marked in special journals with signed instructions. Logs shall be stored on site or in construction (repair) organization.

All employees shall be trained in fire extinguishing rules and methods of working with primary fire extinguishing equipment

Workers must have workwear, restaurators, helmets, safety belts, harmless detergents, protective pastes, etc. be qualified according to the work performed. All work should be done with inventory scavenging.

It is forbidden to be on the construction site or in places of storage of elements without building helmets

Installation, warehousing, loading and unloading of long metal structures (facing panels) shall be performed in the hoses.

All work with mineral wool insulators should be performed in protective glasses.

Workers who have undergone special training are allowed to work with mechanized manual tools and mechanisms. Faulty mechanisms and faulty manual mechanized tool shall not be used. Before starting the shift it is necessary to check serviceability of scavenging devices, mechanisms, tools and accessories. All detected defects shall be rectified before commencement of work. If any faults in mechanisms, scavengers and other devices are detected, the operation shall be stopped immediately.

Devices designed to ensure the safety of workers and the convenience of work (cradles, scaffolding) must meet the requirements of GOST, as well as instructions for the operation of manufacturers.

Placards shall be displayed in places of workers lifting on scavenging equipment with indication of the value and layout of loads according to the WP and their operating instructions.

Low mechanization equipment installed on the construction site with a voltage of more than 42 V must be grounded. During rain and snow operation with electrical mechanisms and tools on the roof is prohibited. Start-up valves shall be placed in locking casings. Electrical connection to machines and tools shall be insulated and grounded and enclosed in special hoses, and connections shall be carefully insulated.

The presence of unauthorized persons is prohibited in the work area.

When performing work, materials must not fall into the operating premises, on balconies, loggia, passageways and driveways. If necessary, protective and covering materials shall be used.

Storage and storage of materials on scavenging facilities, as well as in basements, staircases, passageways and other places accessible to outsiders is not allowed.

Before commencing work, the construction site shall be prepared in accordance with applicable codes and regulations, fenced, equipped with temporary buildings, structures, warehouses, engineering networks, etc. Storage places for cylinders with combustible gases and flammable materials shall be marked and prepared

It is forbidden to carry out any work outside the construction site.

It is prohibited to place any temporary facilities in fire breaks, on operated driveways and passageways temporary structures shall be located from other buildings and structures at a distance of at least 18 m (except for cases when according to other standards a larger fire break is required) or near fire walls. Separate blocks - container buildings are allowed to have groups of not more than 10 in the group and an area of not more than 800 m2 the distance between groups of these buildings and from them to other buildings should be taken at least 18 m.

When performing insulation work on enclosing structures on an area of ​ ​ more than 1000 m ², using fuel or a hard-burning insulation, a temporary fire water supply system should be provided for fire fighting purposes. The distance between fire cranes should be taken from the condition of water supply to any point by at least two jets with a flow rate of 5l/s each. The building and domestic premises shall be provided with fire extinguishing equipment at the rate of 2 fire extinguishers per 100 m ² of simultaneously insulated surface, communication equipment for calling the fire service in case of fire

The use of primary fire extinguishing equipment for household and other needs not related to fire extinguishing is not allowed. Fire extinguishers shall always be kept in good condition, inspected periodically, inspected and recharged in a timely manner. When placing fire extinguishers, it is necessary to fulfill the condition that the distance from the possible fire source to the location of the fire extinguisher should not exceed 20 m. In winter (at air temperature below 1 ° С), fire extinguishers should be stored in heated rooms, on the doors of which there should be an inscription "Fire extinguishers."

It is prohibited to perform lining and insulation works using combustible materials simultaneously with welding and other works using open fire.

It is forbidden to smoke and use open flame in places of storage and use of combustible materials.

When laying combustible materials, as well as when using equipment with an increased fire hazard, standard safety signs should be posted.

At the work site, the quantity of combustible materials (insulation) shall not exceed the replacement requirement. At the end of the shift, the workplaces shall be inspected and brought into fire-fighting condition. It is forbidden to leave unused combustible material inside and on the surfaces of the building, on scavenging equipment, in fire breaks.

If a fire or signs of burning are detected (smoke, smell of burning, rising temperature, etc.), it is necessary to immediately report this to the fire department, take all possible measures to evacuate people, extinguish the fire and ensure the safety of property.

Environmental protection activities

8.1 Land reclamation

8.1.1 General provisions

The work on the allotted routes for roads and communications is associated with violation of the soil cover, therefore, in the first cycle of work of the preparatory period, special attention should be paid to the collection and preservation of not only the vegetal layer of soil, but also potentially fertile layers.

The safety of the removed natural layer is to prevent its contamination and clogging with production waste, waste water, construction debris, stones, to protect it from chemical pollution, to exclude the possibility of its mixing with non-vegetal soil during cutting, transportation or after laying in ponds.

At the end of cutting the fertile layer, it is exported to construction facilities, which are undergoing the second stage of reclamation.

Land reclamation involves technical and biological stages.

8.1.2 Technical stage of reclamation

During the technical stage of reclamation the following main works are performed:

- rough and clean surface layout of dumps, backfilling of upland and drainage channels

- release of reclaimed surface from large-sized fragments of rocks, production structures and construction debris with their subsequent burial or organized storage

- formalization of residual trenches and reinforcement of slopes

- creation and improvement of the structure of the recultivated layer

- coating the surface with uniform layers of potentially fertile rocks and fertile layers of soil

- sowing grasses or restoring woody and shrub vegetation or planting them again.

The capacity of the removed fertile and potentially fertile layers is established on the basis of an assessment of the fertility of individual horizons of the main types of soils of various natural zones.

8.1.3 Biological phase of reclamation

The biological stage of reclamation is carried out after the complete completion of the technical stage. It includes a set of agricultural measures to restore the fertility of land (liming and plaster, introduction of high doses of organic and mineral fertilizers, macro and micro fertilizers, etc.).

8.2 Waste storage and storage

Construction waste should be sent for processing and further use, subject to mandatory radiation and sanitary control of waste and its products, as well as the availability of appropriate processing facilities.

Waste, which is temporarily impossible to process, should be used to fill spent quarries, etc.

Only temporary storage of construction waste is allowed and only in specially equipped places for this.

At the facility, separate collection and temporary storage of construction waste to be processed and further used is carried out according to a set of items having a single direction of use, as well as separate collection and temporary storage of construction waste to be buried according to hazard classes. The generated waste is collected mainly by a mechanized method.

Partial use is made of manual sorting of the generated construction waste, subject to the existing sanitary, environmental and safety regulations.

The maximum period of content of generated wastes in temporary storage places shall not exceed 7 calendar days.

Temporary storage locations meet the following requirements:

- the size (area) of the storage place is determined by the calculation method, which allows to distribute the entire volume of temporary storage of generated waste on the area of the storage place with a load of not more than 3 t/sq. m

- storage places have a fence along the perimeter of the site in accordance with GOST 2540778 "Fences inventory of construction sites and construction and installation work areas"

- Storage areas are so equipped as to prevent contamination by construction and demolition wastes of soil and soil layer

- lighting of storage areas in the dark meets the requirements of GOST 12.1.04685 "Lighting standards of construction sites"

- disposal of waste in storage places is carried out in compliance with the existing environmental, sanitary, fire safety and safety regulations, as well as in a way that ensures the possibility of unhindered loading of each individual item of construction waste and demolition to vehicles for their removal from the territory

- for separate storage of overall wastes (in terms of items, hazard classes and subsequent purpose: processing, disposal or neutralization) storage places shall be equipped with storage bins of not less than 2.0 cubic meters. m in required quantity

- separate storage of oversized wastes (NGSO) that are not hazardous is carried out in open areas of storage places

- Access of unauthorized persons not related to the process of waste management or control of the specified process shall be excluded from storage sites

Waste is removed at least once every 7 days or by filling their storage sites. Export is carried out by specialized organizations using vehicles. Oversized wastes are loaded using frontal loaders.

Technical and economic indicators

Construction volume - 40517m3

Total useful area - 745m2

The estimated cost of the facility is 148859.15 thousand rubles.

Estimated cost of civil works - 104097.30 thousand rubles.

Planned labor intensity - 12104 people

Normative labor intensity - 12,450 people

The cost of 1m3 of the building is 2.569 thousand rubles.

The cost of 1 m2 of useful area is 13.96 thousand rubles.

Specific labour intensity - 0.298 people/m3

Average daily production - 12.55 thousand rubles/day

Construction duration - 213 days.

List of literature

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SNiP 210197 *. Fire safety of buildings and structures. – M.: 2002

Retail Enterprise Design. Allowance for SNiP 2.08.0289 *. – M.: 1990.

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