Design of calf electrification system

Contents

Introduction

Source Data

Water supply system design

Design of electric water heating at the farm

Design of microclimate systems

Calculation of air exchange

Calculation of ducts

Heating calculation

Manure Removal Design

Lighting calculation

Calculation of main room lighting

Calculation of tambour lighting

Calculation of ventilation chamber lighting

Calculation of panel lighting

Calculation of lighting network

Calculation of inputs

Determination of annual electricity consumption

List of literature

Introduction

The solution to the problem of sustainable provision of livestock products to the country in the necessary quantity and high quality is inextricably connected with the technical re-equipment of the industry, its transfer to an industrial basis.

Currently, livestock farms have a significant number of electrified machines, units and flow lines, which allows you to mechanize the main technological processes, and in some cases provide integrated mechanization and automation of most production processes.

Electrification and automation of technological processes is a stage of complex mechanization, characterized by freeing a person from directly performing the functions of controlling a technical device.

In modern production conditions, the use of farms with a small number is impractical due to the high costs per head, which do not pay off, and therefore production is unprofitable. In turn, the use of large livestock complexes with a content of several thousand animals provides a high degree of electrification and automation of production, which entails a decrease in the share of manual labor and the cost of livestock production.

In accordance with this, in this course work, water supply, microclimate, electric lighting systems are designed, internal and external electrical networks are calculated, electrical boards, starting and protective equipment, wires and cables are selected, and motors for process equipment are selected.

Source Data

Calf room for up to 6 weeks.

Room dimensions, m - 20 * 20 * 3.

Windows - 6 (1.5 * 0.9).

The gate is double - 2 (2.1 * 2.4).

The number of calves is 200.

Water supply system design

Intensive animal husbandry and poultry farming requires reliable water supply, including when driving away livestock.

Water supply to farms, complexes and pastures is a system of machines that allows you to automate the process from water lifting to drinking animals, which significantly reduces the cost of production.

The choice of water supply source is confirmed by the results of topographic, hydrological and sanitary surveys. Quality of water supplied for household and drinking needs shall comply with the requirements of GOST 287482.

Quality of water and durability of well units depend on correct selection of filter design, which is recommended to be accepted in accordance with SNiP 2.04.0284.

Design of microclimate systems

Microclimate - a certain combination of temperature, humidity, composition and air exchange in the room. Microclimate has a direct effect on the physiological state and productivity of animals and birds.

When developing the room microclimate, it is necessary to determine the light, temperature and air conditions for each room.

It has been established that in unvented raw and cold rooms, the consumption of feed per unit of poultry and animal intake increases.

The mechanical ventilation system is divided into exhaust, plenum and plenum.

During exhaust ventilation, fans draw air from the room, forming a vacuum, and fresh air enters the room through leaks.

Plenum ventilation fans force external air into the room, creating excess air pressure, and air leaves the room through exhaust shafts and leaks. Plenum ventilation is used with heating of plenum air [5].

Lighting Calculation

Electric lighting is one of the most important factors in the microclimate of industrial premises, which have a significant impact on the productivity and health of workers. The level of lighting of livestock premises has a particularly significant impact on the productivity of animals and poultry in agricultural production.

Great attention should be paid to the economic and energy efficiency of lighting installations. The main ways of improving efficiency are to increase the cost-effectiveness of light sources and lighting fixtures, to use automatic devices for regulating artificial illumination depending on natural, and to rationalize the design and operation of lighting installations. The development and introduction of modern technical means of lighting and irradiation in animal husbandry makes it possible to increase the technical level of production and reduce the cost of agricultural products.

Rational use of electric lighting creates additional reserves for improvement and improvement of production efficiency [18].

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