Design and calculation of hydraulic press - course

Contents

Introduction

1. Overview and analysis of hydraulic presses

1.1. Principle of operation, classification, application of presses

1.2. Design of the designed press

2. Calculation of equipment parts and assemblies

2.1. Press Frame

2.1.1. Top beam

2.1.2. Mobile beam

2.1.3. Rack

2.1.4. Height adjustment of movable beam

2.2. Select Bolted Connections

2.3. Weld Strength Calculation

3. Requirements for operation and maintenance

3.1. Preparation for operation

3.2. Procedure for working with the press

3.3. Operating and Maintenance Rules

4. Safety requirements

Conclusion

List of sources used

Introduction

Currently, the fleet of cars that need repair and maintenance has increased very much. In this regard, the need for high-performance technological equipment has increased. The main objective of the course project on the basis of design and operation of technological equipment is to familiarize students with the methods of analysis and calculation of technological equipment.

In this course design, the calculation of the mounting, hydraulic, two-rack press of the combustion chamber 1671M, which is driven by an electric motor and has a maximum force of 40 tons, will be carried out.

The press is intended for straightening of parts, pressing and pressing of sleeves, bushings, bearings, gears, as well as other press works during repair of tractors, cars and agricultural machines. Also, cutting, bending, drawing and other operations can be carried out on the press.

When working on the course work, the student has many questions about the selection of the main parameters of mechanisms and metal structures, the layout of units and mechanisms, the methods and sequence of calculation, the determination of the design dimensions of parts taking into account the conditions of their work, etc. The course work is carried out by the student individually. It is a collection of design documents: graphic (drawings, diagrams) and text (explanatory note, specifications). The rules, procedure for developing and issuing design documents are regulated by a set of standards of the Unified Design Documentation System (ESKD).

1.2. Design of the designed press

The press of Construction Department 1671M represents a welded framework on which all components are mounted. The position of the rearranged table is fixed relative to the posts with two fingers. To lift and lower the table, the piston movement is used, while the piston screw hook is connected by two chains to the table pins. The main assembly units are a cylinder, a piston pump, a distributor, and an electric motor.

Cylinder - two-sided action. Tightness of cylinder is provided by collars and rings.

The piston pump serves to supply oil to the cylinder, is driven by an electric motor through a clutch. Oil is supplied to the pump by gravity.

Distributor is used to control oil flow direction. Its main assembly is a three-way slide valve driven by a screw surface of the cam.

Electric motor is designed to drive piston pump.

Passport data:

- developing force, t..................................................................... 40

- cylinder stroke, mm............................................................... 250

- weight, kg................................................................................. 645

- overall dimensions, mm...................................... 1500-640-1970

3. Requirements for operation and maintenance

3.1. Preparation for operation

The press is delivered in assembled form, packaged in a wooden box. During unpacking make sure that the parts and painted surfaces of the press are not damaged. Initially, it is necessary to remove the upper board of the packing box, then the side boards.

Install the press on the foundation. The foundation depth is selected depending on the soil, but not less than 500 mm.

Then:

- connect the press to the mains in accordance with the general rules for electrical installations;

- install the pressure gauge;

- rinse the oil tank and pour filtered oil into it;

- pump the hydraulic system three to four times, setting the piston alternately to the extreme upper and lower position until actuation of the safety valve. Air removal is performed during piston lifting through tank;

- check absence of leak through seals and connections.

3.2. Procedure for working with the press

The procedure for working with the press is as follows:

- depending on dimensions of the article to be pressed and degree of pressing, install the working platform to the required height;

- check position of control handle, it must be in neutral position;

- switch on the electric motor by the button on the control panel;

- use the handle to perform the required operations;

- upon completion of works raise the cylinder to the upper position, switch off the electric motor and remove the place of work.

3.3. Operating and Maintenance Rules

During operation:

- periodically it is necessary to clean the filter and change oil in the system at least once every six months;

- lubricate the piston screw, pins and other rubbing parts with solidol as required;

- reposition the table during operation in such a position that the working stroke of the piston and the flight of the screw are minimal;

- inspect the press frame regularly. If cracks are detected, weld joints are destroyed, bolted connections are removed, equipment operation must be stopped and the article sent for repair.

Conclusion

During the work, hydraulic presses designed to perform various works at ATP and STP were calculated, the main verification and design calculations were carried out, the necessary units and components were selected, and drawings were made.

Having completed the course project, they determined the main purposes of hydraulic presses. The press material was selected and the posts and beams were calculated for bending.

Also given is calculation of axes, their check by permissible stresses for cutting and crushing.

The graphical part of the course design is made on two sheets of A1 format.

Compared to other KSM, hydraulic presses have advantages, which predetermined their wide distribution:

- simplicity of design;

- independence of the developed labour force from the position of the movable cross-arm and smooth regulation of its speed;

- possibility to change closed height and travel length of movable cross-bar in wide range;

- possibility to maintain any duration at constant force.

The main drawback of hydraulic presses is slow-moving. Increasing the speed of movement of the movable crossbar facilitates the occurrence of hydraulic shocks in the pipelines at the moment of contact of the working tool with the workpiece. As a result, the press is rocked, pipe seals are broken, etc.

This equipment can be recommended for equipping ATP and STP and can be used in the current and overhaul of cars and trucks of domestic and foreign production, as well as can be used in any other production where there is a need for pressing equipment.