Crushed stone cleaning machine SHCHOM-4

Introduction

The ballast prism on which the rail sash is laid may consist of crushed stone, gravel, shell and sand. On lines with high cargo tension and high train speeds, a ballast prism is arranged from crushed stone and asbestos waste. The thickness of the ballast layer under the sleepers depends on the design of the prism, the type of upper structure of the track and can be from 0.25 to 0.6 m. Ballast from crushed stone became the most widespread. Crushed stone ballast prism has high bearing and draining capacity, elasticity and strength. But crushed stone ballast retains these qualities as long as it is clean. During the operation of the track, ballast is contaminated from the dynamic effect of trains on the track, atmospheric influence, as well as from the ingress of garbage and particles of bulk cargo transported. Ballast loses its positive properties. Timely cleaning of the crushed stone ballast prism is of great importance and greatly contributes to the safety of trains.

Machines designed to take and clean crushed stone and gravel ballast, remove contaminants and put cleaned crushed stone back on track are called crushed stone or ballast cleaning. On a way of works they are divided into three types: the cars cleaning ballast with raising of a traveling lattice (ShchOM4, SOM-D and SOMDO) without rise (ShchOMZU) and at the removed traveling lattice (BMS). All machines operating on the railways of our country use the centrifugal method of ballast cleaning proposed by A.M. Dragavtsev.