Coursework - Sanitary equipment of the building

Contents

Contents

I Calculation of cold water supply system

1 Cold water supply diagram

2 Axonometric diagram of cold water supply system

3 Determination of estimated costs by network sections

4 Hydraulic calculation

5 Selection of water meters

5.1 At input to CTP

5.2 At entry into the apartment

6 Determination of required head in internal water supply system

II Calculation of hot water supply system

1 Cold water supply diagram

2 Hot Water System Axonometric Diagram

3 Determination of estimated costs by network sections

4 Hydraulic calculation

5 Selection of water meters

5.1 At input to CTP

5.2 At entry into the apartment

6 Determination of required head in hot water supply system

III Calculation of circulation networks

1 Axonometric diagram

2 Selection of circulation network diameters

3 Determination of mean temperatures

4 Determination of heat loss quantity

5 Determination of circulation flow rate

6 Hydraulic calculation

7 Calculation of hot water supply system with circulation and discharge

8 Calculation of water heater

IV Selection of pumps

1 Selection of circulation pumps

2 Selection of booster pumps

V Calculation of internal sewage system

1 Diameters and slopes of branch pipelines

2 Diameter of risers

3 Hydraulic calculation of releases

4 Hydraulic calculation of yard sewage network

VI List of literature

Federal Agency for Education of the Russian Federation

State educational institution of higher and vocational education

Department of Water Supply and Sanitation

Calculation and explanatory note to the course project:

"Sanitary

equipment of the building"

I Calculation of cold water supply system

1 Cold water supply diagram

Dead end with booster pumps. This scheme is applicable when the head in the city water supply network is insufficient (constantly or periodically) for the normal operation of the internal water supply. Pumps are installed on the bypass line in such a way that they are included in the operation only if there is a lack of head in the city network.

2 Axonometric diagram of cold water supply system

We compose an axonometric diagram of the cold water supply system with end inputs to the buildings from the point of connection to the city water supply to the dictating device, place the numbers of the calculated sections, taking the distance between the branches as a section.

3 Determination of estimated costs by network sections

Estimated expenses are determined by the formula:

apartment has: bath and washbasin, toilet, wash;

P - probability of instrument action is determined by formula.

For internal cold water supply

Calculation is summarized in Table 1.

4 Hydraulic calculation

Perform hydraulic calculation of the internal water supply line according to Tables [3], provided that the speed in the mains and risers is accepted not more than 1.5 m/s, in the supplies to the instruments not more than 2.5 m/s.

Hydraulic calculation consists in determination of diameters of pipelines, speeds in them, head losses in sections and in the system as a whole.

kl is a factor that takes into account local resistance. For combined drinking and fire systems 0.30 is accepted.

5 Selection of water meters

We select water meters according to the average hourly flow rate during long-term operation, which should be no more than operational.

where Ngeom - geometric height of water rise from connection point to

Net - floor height taking into account the floor slab, accepted by the task and

is 2.80 m;

h2 is the height of the dictating water separation point. With high

located flush tank, this height is 2.00m;

h3 - difference of elevations at the point of connection to the city water supply

general input and to the dictating house. If the marks go up,

accepted with plus sign, if down - with minus sign. Is defined

according to the master plan and equal to h3 = 1.10 m.

Ngey = 0.95 + (7-1) h2.80 + 2.00 1.10 = 19.00 m,

where - pressure losses along the length and local from hydraulic calculation;

∑H = 10.56 m;

∑hvod - pressure loss in water meters;

∑hvod = 0.11 + 0.24 = 0.35 m;

Hf - free head per pour, adopted [1, annex 2],

Hf = 3.00 m;

Ntr = 19.00 + 10.56 + 0.35 + 3.00 - 15.50 = 17.41m.

II Calculation of hot water supply system

Calculation of the hot water supply is conducted similar to calculation of an internal water supply system

1 Hot Water Supply Diagram

Dead end with lower wiring and circulation is accepted. It is used for constant water discharge and the number of floors is more than 4.

Circulation pumps are used to maintain natural circulation.

2 Axonometric diagram

I compose an axonometric diagram of hot water supply together with cold water supply from the point of connection to the water heater to the dictating device, we place the numbers of the calculated sections, taking the distance between the branches as a section.

3 Determination of estimated costs by network sections

Estimated expenses are determined by the formula

,

where q0 is the design flow rate to the dictating device in the dead end section

of the network, for the same consumers it is accepted at 3 [1], and

is:

= 0.30 l/s - total consumption of cold and hot water.

= 0.20 l/s - cold water flow rate.

= 0.20 l/s - hot water flow rate.

a-coefficient depending on the product PxN is taken by

Annex 4 [1].

α = f (PxN),

where N is the number of devices in the area, determined by the task. For one

the apartment has 3 devices: a bath and a washbasin, a wash.

P - probability of instrument action is determined by formula.

,

where is the rate of water consumption by the consumer per hour of maximum

water consumption, accepted according to Annex 3 [1], l/h;

= 15.6 l/h - total water consumption rate for cold and hot

water;

= 5.60 l/h - consumption rate of cold water consumer;

= 10.00 l/h - rate of hot water consumption by the consumer;

U is the number of consumers, determined by the task with the condition that

four people live in each apartment.

The calculation is summarized in Table 2.

4 Hydraulic calculation

Perform hydraulic calculation of the internal water supply line according to Tables [3], provided that the speed in the mains and risers is accepted not more than 1.5 m/s, in the supplies to the instruments not more than 2.5 m/s.

Hydraulic calculation consists in determination of diameters of pipelines, speeds in them, head losses in sections and in the system as a whole.

kl is a factor that takes into account local resistance.

For risers, kl shall be accepted 0.1 according to [1, section 8.3].

For trunks, inputs kl is accepted 0.2 according to [1, section 8.3].

For sections inside the kl DTC, 0.5 shall be taken according to [1, section 8.3].

The calculation is summarized in Table 2.

Table No. 2 Hydraulic calculation of hot water supply system T3

5 Selection of water meters

We select water meters in the same way as in the cold water supply system. Water meters for hot water are installed at the entrance to the building and at the entrance to the apartment.

Selection of water meter at input to CTP

= 300 l/person day.

where Ngeom - geometric height of water rise from connection point to

city water supply to dictating device. Calculated from

ground surface and takes into account difference of elevations to connection points

to the city water supply and at the entrance to the building;

Hg - Free head in the external water supply network, as per assignment.

Hg = 15.50m.

Ngeom = h1 + (Net - 1) Net + h2 h3, m,

where h1 is the excess of the floor of the basement of the 1st floor above the surface of the earth.

It is determined by the task and is equal to 0.95 m;

Net - number of floors is determined by assignment, Net = 7;

Net - floor height taking into account the floor slab, accepted by the task,

which is 2.8m;

h2 is the height of the dictating water separation point. It

mixer in the bathroom, height is 1.10m;

h3 - difference of elevations at the point of connection to the city water supply

general input and to the dictating house. If the marks go up,

accepted with plus sign, if down - with minus sign.

It is determined according to the master plan and is equal to 1.10 m.

Ngeom = 0.95 + (7-1) x2.8 + 1.10 - 1.10 = 18.00 m.

∑H - pressure losses along the length and local from hydraulic calculation,

are determined by hydraulic calculation of T3;

∑H = 6.63 m.

Considering pipe overgrowing:

III Circulation network calculation

It consists in selection of diameters, determination of heat losses by supply and circulation pipelines, determination of head losses in supply pipeline during circulation and 1530% water discharge and circulation without water discharge, calculation of water heater and selection of circulation pumps.

1 Axonometric diagram

We compose an axonometric diagram of the circulation network together with hot and cold water supply from the point of connection to the water heater to the dictating riser, we show sections of the circulation network.

2 Selection of circulation network diameters

The diameters of the circulation pipelines are 2 size types smaller than the corresponding section of the supply network.

The diameter of the circulation riser is assumed to be the same throughout the height.

3 Determination of mean temperatures.

The average temperature of hot water in the area is determined by the formula

The temperature at the outermost point of the water discharge is taken as 55C, and at the outlet of the water heater 65C [5, p. 159].

4 Determination of heat loss quantity

Heat loss is determined by the formula:

pipeline. Accepted by tables where required

know value tm - temperature difference between average

water temperature in the area and ambient temperature

air.

For various gasket conditions, to.in. is defined as the weighted average:

The calculation is summarized in Table 4.

5 Determination of circulation flow rate

where β is the circulation control coefficient.

At t = 10C β = 1 [1, section 8.2].

Calculation data are given in Table 4.

6 Hydraulic calculation of circulation network

Hydraulic calculation is carried out according to the known method, but taking into account the overgrowing of pipes.

Kl is taken similar to the calculation of hot water supply.

The calculation data are shown in Table 5.

7 Calculation of hot water supply system with circulation and discharge

I take 30% of the water discharge in the calculation.

The calculation data are shown in Table 6.

9 Heat transfer coefficient

IV Selection of pumps

Selection of circulation pumps

From the point of view of economic calculation I accept three working pumps and one backup pump of Italian production UPS 25-120

Selection of booster pumps for cold water supply system

Pumps are selected by maximum hourly flow rate and head.

The difference of the required head in the cold and hot water supply system shall not exceed 25%.

The actual difference is:

LH = 21.99 - 15.50 = 6.49 m.

The pump selects the grades TsNSH - 40 with parameters [4, table XXII.9]:

- Nominal supply 16.00 m3/h;

- Full head 12.00 m;

- Power 1.5 kW.

We accept one working pump and one standby pump.

V Calculation of internal sewage system

The internal sewerage system consists of sewage receivers (sanitary devices), drain sewage pipelines, risers, outlets, and a yard sewage network. This system is equipped with ventilation devices (exhaust), for cleaning in case of clogging (revision, cleaning) and to prevent penetration of gases into the room from the sewer network (siphon with hydraulic gates).

1 Diameters and slopes of branch pipelines

The slope and diameter of the drain pipelines are not calculated, but are accepted and depend on the diameter of the instrument outlet, which are given in Table

2 Diameter of risers

The diameter of the riser is assumed to be the same throughout the height and equal to the maximum diameter of the discharge pipeline.

I accept the diameter of the risers 100 mm.

3 Hydraulic calculation of releases

The calculation is summarized in Table 8.

4 Hydraulic calculation of yard sewage network

The purpose of the hydraulic calculation of the yard network is to determine the diameters for passing the design costs, as well as slopes, filling pipelines and the speed of waste water.

The yard sewage network is designed to divert waste water to the street collector and is laid parallel to the buildings along the shortest path.

The minimum diameter of the yard network shall be 150 mm [7, section 2.33].

Calculation is based on [2] source.

The estimated costs are determined in the same way as the output costs and are given in Table No. 9.

Land elevations are determined according to the master plan.

The depth of the beginning of the first section is determined as follows:

Nz = 0.70 + d m,

where Np is the freezing depth, is accepted according to the task;

d = 0,15.

Nz = 0.70 + 0.15 = 0.85 m.

The speed in the following sections shall be higher or equal than in the previous sections and not less than 0.7 m/s.

The h/d filling should not exceed 0.6, in subsequent areas it should increase.

Piping connection is made by silk.

The last section is calculated in reverse.

The calculation is summarized in Table 10.

According to the task, the AC is variable. Since the difference [7, section 4.26] in QC is up to 6.00 m high, on pipelines with a diameter of up to 500 mm, the difference in the well should be made in the form of a riser with a section of not less than the section of the supply pipeline. In the well above the riser, a receiving funnel should be installed, under the riser - a water pit with a metal plate at the base.

VI List of literature

1. SNiP 2.04.0185 *. Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings;

2. Lukinykh N.A., Lukinykh A.A. Hydraulic calculation tables

sewage networks and dukers according to the formula of Academician N.N. Pavlovsky, Edition 4e, supplemented, Moscow, Stroyizdat 1974.;

3. Shevelev F.A. Tables for hydraulic calculation of steel, cast iron, asbestos cement, plastic and glass water pipes. Edition 5e, supplement, Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1973, 112s.;

4. Designer's handbook edited by Staroverov. Part I, II. Heating, water supply, sewerage - 4th edition revised and supplemented. - Moscow.: Stroyizdat, 1990344 p.: il. - (Designer's Handbook);

5. Kedrov V.S. Sanitary equipment of buildings, Training manual for universities. - Moscow.: Stroyizdat, 1989 - 495 p. Il.;

6. Repin N.N., Shopensky L.A. Sanitary and technical devices and gas supply of buildings. Textbook for technical schools. Edition 4e, revised and supplemented, Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1975;

7. SNiP 2.04.0185 Sewerage and outdoor networks;

8. Methodological instructions No. 395 Hydraulics, water supply,

sewerage system.