Architecture and design of a 9-storey building for 72 apartments

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. DESIGN PROGRAM

2. CONSTRUCTION AREA

3.TEP GENERAL PLAN

4.ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION PART

4.1. Functional process

4.2. Scope and planning solution and TEP

4.3.Structural diagram of the building

4.4. Structural solution of the building

- Walls, heat engineering calculation

- Foundations

- Floors, coverings

- Roof, roof

- Windows, doors

-Stairs

- Partitions

- Floors

- Exterior and interior finishes

- Other elements

- Specification of prefabricated components and products

- Safety precautions during finishing works

5. CONCLUSION

6. LITERATURE

Introduction

Construction, being a material-intensive, labour-intensive, capital-intensive, energy-intensive and knowledge-intensive production, contains a solution to many local and global problems, from social to environmental.

Construction organizations have an urgent need for large volumes of construction and installation work involving free labor resources, especially from among unemployed citizens.

In connection with the aggravated environmental problems, it is extremely important to use the natural conditions of the construction site as rationally as possible.

The course project on the topic: "Design of an apartment building in Semey" reveals the possibilities of designing buildings that are most rationally inscribed in natural conditions.

Geoecological construction proposes and justifies the incorporation of building foundations into the natural geological environment, without disturbing the general ecosystem and thereby aims to preserve natural landscapes and differs from the traditional incorporation of engineering structural systems into the geomorphological environment of the construction site. This predetermines the mass transfer system of the erected structure to the geoecological environment.

In addition, this favors and ensures the geoecological protection of the base and contributes to the rational development of underground space.

Design Program

Designed multi-apartment residential building of section type. The number of sections is two. In the designed house, the section consists of one and two-room apartments on each floor. Each apartment has living rooms, kitchen, hallway, bathroom, toilet. The building has 2 entrances, each of which is equipped with a passenger elevator, as well as a garbage truck.

- Semey Construction Area;

-Development area is flat;

-Fundaments - tape prefabricated iron-concrete;

-Stenes - silicate brick;

-Coats - prefabricated iron-concrete;

-The roof is flat, with an internal drainage;

2 construction area

The following design parameters have been adopted for this construction area:

building class - 2;

durability degree - 2;

climatic area - II,

climate subunit IIB;

temperature of external air of the coldest day (security 0.92)-31 wasps;

temperature of external air of the coldest five-day week (security 0.92)-26 wasps;

duration of heating period 207 days;

standard snow load for the III geographical area - 1.0 kPa (100 kgf/m2);

standard wind speed for the II geographical area - 0.3 kPa (30 kgf/m2);

the construction area is not seismic.

3 general plan

Architectural and planning solutions of the master plan are developed in accordance with the purpose of the designed building, taking into account the rational use of complex terrain, compliance with sanitary and fire safety standards.

The topography of the site is characterized by elevations 215.00 sound220.00. The plot plan is completed on a scale of 1:500.

Underground waters are opened by wells at a depth of 9.5-9.8 m. According to ground conditions, the site belongs to type I for leak clearance.

By the degree of complexity of engineering and geological conditions, the site belongs to category II. Soils do not have aggressive properties to any grades of concrete and to reinforced concrete structures .

The planning elevations of the designed building are determined taking into account the terrain and in connection with engineering and geodetic elevations.

Drainage from the building is carried out to the trays of roads with subsequent release to lowered places of relief. To ensure the necessary sanitary and hygienic conditions, a set of measures for landscaping and landscaping is planned at the site. In areas free from development, the construction of lawns, freely growing shrubs, flower beds, deciduous trees of ordinary planting is provided.

Underground water supply, sewerage, electric cables and heat networks are designed in the channel. Such laying of utility networks ensures the convenience of their maintenance during operation.

TEP

Construction volume of underground part, Vstr, m3 1208.5

Construction volume of the above-ground part, Vstr. Nr., m3 12828.5

Total construction volume, Vt., m3 14037

Living space, Szhil., m2 187.2

Total area, S., m2 464.8

K1 = Live/Total, m2/m2 0.4

K2 = Vtl/Stl, m3/m2 68.5

Architectural and construction part

4.1. Functional process

The designed building is a multi-apartment residential house of 72 apartment buildings, that is, it is intended for permanent, round-the-clock stay of people in the premises. And this, in turn, makes its own demands on the building.

The building shall comply with all fire safety measures and this shall:

- the possibility of evacuation of people regardless of their age and physical condition outside to the area adjacent to the building (hereinafter - outside) before the threat to their life and health due to the effects of fire hazards;

- the possibility of saving people;

- possibility of access of personnel of fire departments and supply of fire extinguishing equipment to the fire center, as well as carrying out measures to save people and material assets;

- fire non-propagation on nearby buildings, including in case of burning building collapse;

- limitation of direct and indirect material damage, including the contents of the building and the building itself, with an economically justified ratio of the amount of damage to the costs of fire prevention measures, fire protection and its technical equipment.

The ability to evacuate people should be provided by stairs, both main and if possible additional, fire, located outside the volume of the building, metal, adjacent to one of the walls. Access to such a staircase should be provided evenly from all apartments. The evacuation of elderly and disabled residents should be carried out by an elevator capable of accommodating a wheelchair plus another person (escort).

4.2 Volumetric planning solution and TEP

2-section multi-storey residential building.

The building has 2 entrances, each of which is equipped with a passenger elevator, as well as a garbage truck .

Quantitative and qualitative composition of designed apartments:

1-room: 36 apartments;

2-room: 36 apartments;

Only 72 apartments.

Total apartment areas: from 53.9 m2 to 70 m2 .

TEP

Construction volume of underground part, Vstr, m3 1208.5

Construction volume of the above-ground part, Vstr. Nr., m3 12828.5

Total construction volume, Vt., m3 14037

Living space, Szhil., m2 187.2

Total area, S., m2 464.8

K1 = Live/Total, m2/m2 0.4

K2 = Vtl/Stl, m3/m2 68.5

4.3. Building Design Solution

The designed building is nine-story, complex in shape, with walls made of silicate brick.

Class of designed building - II, degree of fire resistance - II, degree of durability - II. Floor height - 2.8 m

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