Participation in the design of buildings and structures of a four-storey residential building for 32 apartments in Khimki

Contents

Introduction

1 Resource requirements

1.1 Bill of Quantities

1.2 Construction Material Requirements List

1.3 Construction Requirements List

1.4 List of requirements for machines, machinery, equipment

1.5 Statement of manpower requirements

2 Process Engineering

2. Job Instruction for Roofing Arrangement

2.2 Material and technical resources. Normokomplekt

2.3 Work Schedule

2.4 Labor Cost Calculator. TEP to Job Instruction

2.5 Quality control and acceptance of works

2.6Safe Instructions

3 Schedule

3.1 Define Input Data for Planning

3.2 Construction of schedule, interconnection of construction and construction works and special works

3.3 Construction of schedule of workers movement and determination of CGd

3.4 Construction of schedule for supply of construction materials and structures

3.5 Plotting of machines and mechanisms

4 Construction plan

4.1 Preparation of initial data for AGC

4.2 Selection of road transport. Determining the Duration of Freight Traffic

4.3 Calculation of temporary administrative premises

4.4 Calculation of open and closed warehouses, canopies

4.5 Calculation of water demand

4.6 Calculation of Electricity Demand

4.7 Measures for environmental protection, TB, fire protection, industrial sanitation

Conclusion

List of literature used

B Graphic part

Sheet 1. Job Instruction for Roofing Arrangement

Sheet 2. Schedule

Sheet 3. Construction plan for roofing period

Introduction

Training practice on PM 01 I took part in the design of buildings and structures at the Bugulma Construction and Technical College. The purpose of the practice was to develop elements of the PPR for the construction of a four-story residential building on the 32 of apartments in Khimki, the size of the building in the axes 38 * 11, 2m.

Tasks of practice:

- perform calculations of construction materials, machinery and machinery requirements;

- develop the job description;

- build a schedule.

The organization of the construction process is a key factor in the construction work. The main goal is to draw up a plan that will regulate all types of work, from the very beginning to their completion. Advantages of organized construction works:

The conditions of the works are determined (nature of the area and so on);

The economic component is determined (preparation of construction works estimates);

Health and safety issues are addressed;

A list of necessary materials, equipment, mechanisms and temporary utility rooms, etc. is compiled.

The technology and organization of construction production implies the presence of a huge baggage of knowledge in engineering issues in conjunction with the use of modern software. It is necessary to follow the regulatory framework, which is fundamental in the construction work.

The diversity of technologies that exist today,

allows you to perform installation, dismantling and other types of work in various ways, due to which it became possible to individually approach each individual task.

Construction organization includes the following documentation:

- Construction organization project;

-Productive works project (created based on the type of work envisaged);

-Technological maps (created based on the type of work envisaged).

Schedule

3.1 Define initial data for scheduling

The Work Schedule is a table showing all types of work required for a specific project. In addition, the schedule shows the order in which the work will be carried out and binds them to a specific date. Typical projects specify the time period required to complete each type of work. It also contains information on what resources are needed at any stage of construction - basic materials, equipment and personnel.

Drawing up a calendar plan is the responsibility of the management of any organization of the construction direction. High accuracy and indication of all details of future work in the schedule guarantees high quality of scheduled work. The creation of a work schedule belongs to the construction industry, but knowledge of the principles of its compilation allows you to optimize the activities of any company.

The preparation of a work schedule performs numerous functions: the creation of a network type is necessary for construction work related to projects of increased complexity. It indicates which types of work should be carried out, in what order, optimized options for their placement. It is also indicated how much normative construction units should work, the necessary human resources and mechanisms. In the process of creation, the process is divided into specific stages, which are assigned to groups of workers with suitable qualifications.

The schedule of work during the construction of a residential building or objects of another purpose allows you to organize a large amount of work, which differs in technical complexity. Linear and cyclogram graphs are performed. There is also a selection and distribution of varieties of work, with the specified number of people of the necessary qualifications;

Schedules for the preparatory phase of construction are being developed.

The work schedule schedule allows you to develop a construction project for an object of any level of complexity, calculate the necessary financial, human resources, and technical support for it. The development of such documentation during the construction of a specific facility takes place within the established deadlines related to the order of construction work.

In the report on practice, the above elements of the project for the construction of a 4-storey 2-section residential building in the city are developed, guided by SNiP 3.01.0104 "Construction Organization."

The starting point for network planning is the manpower requirement sheet and the start and end of construction. Start of construction on the schedule March 9, 2021, end December 30, 2021. To build the schedule, work that can be done by one link is combined.

Construction Plan Design

4.1Preparation of initial data for SGP

The main document regulating the organization of the site and the scope of temporary construction is the construction plan.

The construction site plan is called the site master plan, which shows the arrangement of the main installation and lifting mechanisms, temporary buildings, structures and installations built and used during the construction period.

The construction plan is part of the integrated construction documentation, and its solutions should be linked to the rest of the project, including the accepted work technology and construction deadlines set by the schedules. Construction plan solutions must meet the requirements of construction standards: temporary buildings, structures and installations (except mobile ones) are located in areas not intended for development until the end of construction: the construction plan solution must ensure the rational passage of cargo flows on the site by reducing the number of transshipments and reducing transportation distance. This requirement, first of all, refers to mass, as well as especially heavy cargoes. Proper placement of installation mechanisms, installations for the production of concrete and mortars, warehouses, pre-assembly sites is the main condition for solving this problem: the construction plan should provide the most complete satisfaction of the domestic needs of construction workers (this requirement is implemented by reasonable selection and placement of domestic premises, devices and pedestrian paths). The solutions adopted in the construction plan must meet the requirements of safety, fire safety and environmental protection.

When organizing a construction site, the placement of work areas, workplaces, driveways of construction machines and vehicles, passages for people should be established dangerous areas within which hazardous production factors are constantly operating or can potentially act.

Areas of potential hazards should include:

near non-insulated current-carrying parts of electrical installations;

near unfreezed differences in height by 1.3 m or more;

in places where harmful substances are contained in concentrations higher than the maximum permissible or noise acts, intensity higher than the maximum permissible.

Areas of potential hazards should include:

a) sections of the territory near the building under construction, floors of buildings and structures in one grip, above which structures are installed.

b) areas of movement of machines, equipment or their parts of working bodies; places over which cargo is transported by cranes.

4.2 Selection of installation crane

Since we design low-rise construction, we choose a boom crane - these are rotary-type machines that differ from others by the location of the load-gripping mechanism - it is installed precisely at the end of the boom .

When selecting a tower crane for this project, it is taken into account that the inclination length of the located boom and the departure of the hook depend on the permissible approach of the crane to the mounting element.

Conclusion

During my studies in college, I learned to calculate the elements of the work project. So, I drew up a PPR for the construction of a four-story residential building on the 32 of an apartment, the size of the building in the axes 38 * 11.2 m. In the first part of the report, in tabular form, calculations of the need for material and labor resources are given.

The process design has developed a process plan for plastering the facade, a planning plan, a schedule for the interconnection of construction and construction works and special works, a schedule for the movement of workers and determination of construction materials, a schedule for the supply of building materials and structures, a schedule for the movement of machines and mechanisms, and a construction plan.

A road transport has been selected to deliver construction materials to the site. The duration of freight transportation has been determined.

Temporary administrative premises, open and closed warehouses, canopies, water and electricity requirements are calculated. Measures for environmental protection, TB, fire protection, industrial sanitation are described.

In the course of working with application software, I studied in more detail the drawing and tabular functions of programs.

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