14-storey residential building with underground parking

Contents

Introduction

1 Architectural and construction section

Characteristics of the construction area

Plot plan and landscaping

Brief description of the functional diagram

Architectural and construction part

Volumetric planning solution

Constructive solution

Exterior and interior finishes

Engineering equipment

Heat supply

Heating

Ventilation

Water supply and sewerage

Power electrical equipment. Electric lighting

Communication

Installation of telephones

Television

Intercom communication

Grounding

Rubbish disposal

Physical and technical justification of the decisions taken

Heat Engineering Wall Calculation

1.4.6 Technical and economic indicators

Design section

Calculation and construction of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete slab

Source Data

Define loads and forces

Calculation of slab elements

Calculation and construction of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete column

Define loads and forces

Calculation of monolithic pedestal for column

Calculation of the strength of the foundation for pressing

Base and foundation calculation

Analysis of the initial data on the above-foundation structure

Analysis of geotechnical and hydrogeological conditions

Determination of loads acting on the base

Determination of foundation depth

Justification of foundation type selection

Basic Foundation Sizing

Determination of base settlement by layer-by-layer summation method

Foundation calculation

3 Technology and organization of construction production

3.1 Construction conditions

3.2 Nomenclature of construction and installation works and determination of their volumes

3.3 Selection of machinery and equipment sets

3.3.1 Selection of load grippers and mounting devices

3.3.2 Selection of sets of machines, mechanisms and equipment

main types of construction and installation works

3.4 Development of Job Instruction for Standard Floor Erection

3.4.1 Scope of Job Instruction

3.4.2 Procedure of works execution

3.4.3 Determination of standard labor costs, machine operation time

3.4.4 Construction of hourly schedule of works

3.4.5 Operational quality control of construction and installation works

3.4.6 Logistical resources

3.5 General instructions on the main types of construction and installation works

3.6 Safety Instructions

3.7 Environmental protection measures

3.8 Fire safety measures

3.9 Planning Schedule Design

3.9.1 Drawing up a list of types of construction and installation works

3.9.2 Determination of time standards for accepted works

3.9.3 Calculation of total labor capacity

3.9.4 Calculation of duration of works

3.9.5 Interconnection of works

3.9.6 Selection of number and composition of working teams

3.9.7 Construction Planning Schedule and Timing

construction of the facility

3.9.8 Constructing and optimizing the movement of workers

3.10 Construction Plot Plan

3.10.1 Justification of installation cranes and

ways of their movement

3.10.2 Calculation of temporary buildings and structures

3.10.3 Calculation of temporary warehouses

3.10.4 Calculation of temporary power supply of the construction site

3.10.5 Calculation of temporary water supply of the construction site

4 Construction Economics

4.1 Explanatory note to the estimated documentation for the construction of a 14-storey residential building with underground parking in Orel

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

Application

Introduction

Providing the population with comfortable housing with a convenient location of public buildings, trade enterprises and parking spaces is one of the main social issues.

Recently, due to the lack and high cost of space for development, large-rise residential buildings, which fully meet the requirements of comfort in living in them, have become increasingly widespread.

Currently, construction organizations in the field of capital construction have many tasks to improve the layout of buildings and structures, increase their architectural expressiveness, reduce material costs, as well as improve the comfort of living in residential buildings and staying in public buildings and structures.

Such residential buildings built at present differ from those built earlier primarily in their aesthetics, beauty and architectural expressiveness, which was made possible thanks to the use of new technologies, modern machines and tools, as well as through the use of modern materials, improving the quality of construction and installation work and improving the volume and planning solutions of residential buildings.

The designed house refers to residential development in Oryol. Complementing and saturating it with its expressiveness, it plans to become a demonstration element for residential neighborhoods under construction

Architectural and construction section

1.2 Master Plan and Landscaping

The designed 14-story residential building with a monolithic frame belongs to the residential development of Orel.

The territory of the site has a common slope from northwest to southeast and is 2060%. According to the conditions of the existing relief, the project provides for a continuous layout of the site.

The designed residential building fits well into the existing microdistrict surrounding the development. Adjacent to the site: from the north - a projected highway and 3 designed block sections of a 14-story residential building; from the south - a designed 14-story residential building; from the east - the designed highway; from the west - sites: economic, gaming and recreation.

A courtyard space formed on the territory is formed, formed by the configuration of the designed residential building and houses located nearby. There is a playground, a children's playground, a sand patio, a sports ground, a platform for drying linen and cleaning household belongings. Noise protection is decided by planting trees and arranging sites relative to residential buildings. To increase the comfort of movement of human flows, all paving paths are 22.5 m wide and paved with paving tiles. For access to the houses of passenger and freight transport, there is a highway inside the courtyard space with a width of 5.5 m. On the ground floor of the designed building there are offices. Under the entire courtyard territory is autoparking.

The territory of the site is landscaped. Landscaping of the site is designed in accordance with the adopted architectural and planning decision, taking into account the location of recreation grounds, economic and sports grounds, entrances and paths, as well as taking into account underground and above-ground engineering networks, ordinary lawn is arranged. The adopted assortment of trees and shrubs is stable in these climatic conditions, selected taking into account the capabilities of local nurseries.

All passages and passages on the master plan meet the opposite standards and requirements.

1.3 Summary of Functional Diagram

The basis of the design of the building is its functional diagram. At the same time, the entire complex of sanitary, fire and urban planning requirements, as well as the economical use of vertical communications and their effective operation, are taken into account.

The designed building is multifunctional with a spatial distribution of functions: the first floor is reserved for office premises, due to which the placement of residential premises facing the highway is excluded and closely approximates the service system to places of residence; apartments are located from the 2nd to the 14th floor .

The main architectural and compositional element of a residential building, as you know, is an apartment, which is a group of specially grouped rooms designed for convenient living of one family. According to existing rules and the function chart of the building the structure of apartments included the following rooms: living rooms, and also subsidiary pomeshcheniyakukhn, halls, bathroom, bathroom, storerooms.

The living quarters of the apartment consist of common and sleeping rooms .

Based on economic requirements, the composition of the apartment, its area and the size of individual premises are determined by the standard living area per 1st person .

The main criteria on the basis of which the quality of the apartment is assessed are: the convenience of the layout, the availability and size of utility rooms, their reasonable technical equipment and the beautiful artistic composition of the interior of the apartment. The size and mutual location of living rooms and utility rooms are determined taking into account the numerical and age composition of the family and the possibility of convenient arrangement of furniture.

When developing the layout of apartments, the following requirements were taken into account if possible: 1) the layout of apartments should be compact, providing short convenient connections of all rooms without unnecessary corridors and crossings; 2) the entrance to the rooms should be from the entrance hall; H) doors between rooms during opening and closing shall not interfere with the free passage .

Special attention is paid to the layout and equipment of the kitchen and sanitary complex when developing the project. The kitchen is the largest utility room, which is designed for cooking and eating and for which the requirements of natural illumination are mandatory. The multifunctional use of kitchens determined the feasibility of using them as kitchen and dining rooms. Kitchens-dining rooms are designed in compliance with technical measures to improve the microclimate, i.e. equipped with electric stoves and using incentive ventilation .

Sanitary units are located next to the kitchen, which provides convenience in supplying sanitary and technical communications. Sanitary units are designed in the form of two adjacent rooms: a bathroom and a restroom.

1.4 Architectural and construction part

1.4.1 Volumetric planning solution

The designed 14-story residential building is rectangular in plan with geometric dimensions of 29.7 × 19 m.

The building provides an attic 2.4 m high, acting as a technical floor, and a basement 3.2 m high, one part of which belongs to the premises located on the first floor, the second - designed for laying the main household utilities.

The building is made in monolithic reinforced concrete. A shaft is provided for a cargo and passenger elevator (g. 1000 kg) and a passenger elevator (g. 630kg). The ladder in accordance with fire safety standards is made smoke-free. The elevator engine room is located in the attic.

The height of the floor of the designed residential building is 3300 mm .

Detailed areas of rooms and apartments are indicated on the floor plans (see sheets of the graphic part).

The roof of the building is flat with a slope of 0.02 and an organized internal drain.

Access to the roof is through a stairwell.

On the ground floor there is a garbage chamber with a bunker, equipped with water supply and sewage.

Design Section

2.1.1 Initial data

The construction area of ​ ​ a residential multi-storey building is the city of Orel. Consequently, the II wind region and the III snow region.

For cast-in-situ flooring we accept concrete of class B30 with strength characteristics according to Annex 1 [1]: Rb = 17 MPa; Rbt = 1.2 MPa, 200 mm thick.

Design values of strength characteristics of concrete are multiplied by the factor of working conditions gb1 (for concrete and reinforced concrete structures, introduced to the design values ​ ​ of resistances Rb and Rbt and taking into account the influence of the duration of the static load: gb1 = 0.9 - with a long (long) load action, taking into account the features of concrete work in the structure (type of load, environmental conditions, etc.)), Rb = 170,9 = 15.3 MPa.

Technology and organization of construction production

3.1 Construction conditions

This project has been developed for the period of construction of underground and above-ground parts of a multi-storey residential building.

All the necessary conditions for the construction, namely: the geographical location of the facility, the climatic zone, hydrogeological conditions of construction, the nature of the terrain, the presence of bases for the construction industry, the presence and class of access roads, information on sources of energy supply, water supply are previously specified in sections 1,2,3,4,5,6 of this work.

When performing construction and installation works, it is necessary to strictly follow the instructions of the following regulatory documents:

1) JV 121352003 Labor safety in construction;

2) SP 48.13330.2011 Construction organization;

3) "Rules for arrangement and safe operation of lifting cranes" PB 1038200;

4) SP 70.13330.2012 Load-bearing and enclosing structures;

6) "Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation" PPB 0193 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 1995.

7) Instructions for installation and safe operation of lifting cranes and construction lifts in the development of PKTI Promstroy work execution projects;

Before commencing construction and installation works, the following measures shall be performed:

1) issue a permit (warrant) for the performance of works;

2) install temporary fencing of the construction site according to the construction plan;

3) install information boards at the entrance to the construction site indicating the name and location of the facility, the name of the customer and the organization conducting the work, the telephone number, position and name of the work manufacturer, the date of start and end of construction;

4) name of contractors and telephone numbers are also indicated on domestic premises, fencing boards, mechanisms, cable drums, etc.;

5) organize lighting of the construction site, workplaces and hazardous areas;

6) arrange a temporary road;

7) equip the exit from the construction site with a vehicle wheel washing point;

8) install storage bins for the collection of construction garbage or fence a special site for these purposes (accumulation of construction garbage in the bunker of more than one car is prohibited);

9) install a portable bench with slinging diagrams and a table of mass of transported goods;

10) prepare the site for concrete and mortar reception;

11) to equip places for storage of load-gripping devices and containers;

12) install control cargo at the place indicated on the construction plan;

13) lay temporary networks, power supply and water supply from existing networks;

14) to indicate on the ground clearly visible signs of the border of the crane operation area and the hazardous area;

15) when entering the construction site, establish a sign on the speed limit;

16) install a fire-fighting stand equipped with fire-fighting equipment, according to the standards agreed with the local authorities of the State Supervision Service;

17) develop the pit.

Conclusion

When designing the building, I studied special and technical literature, building codes and price lists for modern materials.

In the diploma project, I developed drawings and an explanatory note for the construction of a 14-story residential building in Oryol. In the architectural and construction section, drawings of the layout of the first and standard floors were made, a section and facade of the building with a master plan were also made, and a roof was designed. In the design and structural section, I calculated the slab, column and foundations for monolithic structures. The calculation of the building frame is one of the main actions for the construction of the building. The frame is designed for loads from the own weight of the building structures, for payloads, loads from snow, from wind and, if necessary, for forces.

Rigidity of connection units of prefabricated frame frames is achieved by freezing of reinforcement outlets welded together. In the section of technology and organization of construction, I calculated the construction materials for the construction of the building, calculated the construction schedule, made a map of labor processes for the construction of a typical floor slab. In the economic section, the estimated cost of the facility was calculated.

The designed building meets the sanitary and hygienic qualities of heat protection, natural lighting and sound insulation from noise. The building has a convenient functional layout. The use of metal structures allows you to reduce the cost of materials and the time to create the building framework. The use of efficient materials for roofing and waterproofing allows you to increase the service life, which is important in our time and allows you to reduce the cost of operating buildings.

This graduation qualification work submitted for protection can be presented as an independent independent project. The project used regulatory documents that have undergone changes and additions to publications, resolved issues of technology and organization of construction with the development of process charts for the construction of a monolithic overlap. Issues ensuring safety in the process of construction and installation works, safety and environmental friendliness of the project, environmental protection are considered.

When I completed my final qualification work, I consolidated my knowledge in design, as well as my skills in working with regulatory documents.