Project of a modern two-story house

Contents

WITH ABOUT D E P AND N AND E

P

General Part and Design Input

Master Plan

Architectural and construction solutions

Heating and ventilation

Water supply and sewerage

Electrical part

Fire fighting measures

Energy Conservation Activities

Improvement of the territory

General Part and Design Input

This project is performed on the basis of the design assignment, architectural and planning assignment issued by the department of urban planning and architecture and in accordance with the requirements of:

DBN A.2.2-3-2004 "Design. Procedure for development, approval and approval of construction documentation by the project ";

DBN B.2.6 - 31:2006 "Thermal insulation of buildings";

DBN B.2.2152005 "Residential buildings"

DBN V.1.1-7-2002 "Reap-Free ob'єktіv Budivnitzva";

DBN 36092 * * "Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements. "

The project provides for the construction of a 2-story residential building.

The estimated outside air temperature (the average of the coldest five-day period) is 22 ° C (I temperature zone of Ukraine).

The standard high-speed wind head is 0, 38kPa, III wind district.

The standard snow load is 0.50 kPa, I snow region.

Ground freezing depth - 1.0 m.

Initial data for design are accepted in accordance with SNiP 2.01.0785 "Loads and Impacts" and SNiP 2.01.0182 "Construction climatology and geophysics."

For the main technical and economic indicators, see the corresponding sections of the explanatory note.

Architectural and construction solutions

Source Data

The present project is executed on the basis of the design assignment given according to requirements of DBN B.2.2152005 "Residential buildings" and also DBN B.1.1-7-2002 "Pozhezhna of a bezpek about, ¾kt_v a bud_vnitstva".

Space-planning and structural solutions

The architectural and construction part of the project provides for the creation of a modern, comfortable, separate residential building for one family. The design took into account the use of modern building materials and the possibilities of this land plot, with the adjacent territory. Currently, the area under consideration (projected) is free from development and has a calm relief.

The designed residential building is a two-story rectangular building with a plan size of 12.48 x 11.66. The building of the residential building is blocked with a garage for two cars. Under the house and garage is a basement. The height of the premises in the house on all floors is 3.0 m. The height of the garage room is 3.00 m, and the height of the house room in the basement of the garage is 2.7 m.

The space-planning solutions of the residential building provide for the placement of the following premises.

On the ground floor:

living room, kitchen, dining room, guest room, entrance hall, pantry, bathroom, garage, fireplace and entrance tambour.

On the second floor there are two bedrooms, a children's room with access to the balcony, a bathroom and a pantry. All rooms communicate with the hall.

The basement of the house provides accommodation:

lounge with recreation area, billiard room, sauna, shower room, compartment with font and hot tub SPA, bathroom. In the basement of the garage there is a housing.

Two door openings are provided in the fireplace room. The technological entrance from the house through the garage and the evacuation exit directly outside .

The project provides foundations from prefabricated concrete blocks and foundation cushions. External and internal walls of the house, as well as partitions are provided from silicate bricks. Floors in the house and garage shall be made of prefabricated reinforced concrete hollow slabs. Perform steam insulation on the attic floor of the house and lay insulation - stone cotton wool. The roof is designed as a rampart on wooden beams with a coating of metal. Wooden elements of roof are treated with antiseptic composition, and those sections of elements that fall into thickness of insulation are treated with waterproofing composition. The staircase in the house should be made of steel treads along steel stairs, followed by decorative facing with wood. The staircase to the garage basement should be made of set concrete steps of the basement along retaining walls made of silicate brick. The porch is made of concrete and faced with ceramic granite tiles. Window blocks, entrance doors and balcony exit doors shall be installed individual wooden with triple glazing (double-chamber double-glazed windows). The external walls of the house and the walls of the basement, to a depth of 1 m below ground level, are lined with plates made of extruded polystyrene foam. Due to the fact that the garage is not heated - the outer walls of the garage are not insulated. Based on this, it is provided for external insulation of the wall of the house separating the house from the garage and insulation of the fireplace walls .

Outside the surface of the insulation on the walls of the house, lined with decorative plaster - mixtures of "Ceresit" and painted. The base of the building is lined with polished ceramic granite tiles.

The rooms shall be finished according to the list of finishing works. Floors shall be made according to floor explication .

The project provides around the entire building a pavement 1.0 m wide of paved pressed tiles and landscaping.

Heating and ventilation

In this section, a 2-storey heating and ventilation project has been developed

a residential building. The project was carried out on the basis of architectural and construction drawings and in accordance with the current regulatory documents:

- SNiP 2.04.0591 * U "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning";

- SNiP 3.05.01 - 85 "Internal sanitary and technical systems";

- NAPBA 01.001.2004 "Fire Safety Rules in Ukraine";

- DSTU B.A. 2. - 4 - 99 "Basic requirements to detailed documentation";

- DBN B.2.6312006 "Teplova _zolyats_ya bud_vel".

Working drawings are made in accordance with GOST 21.60279 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning."

Climatology of the construction area.

The design winter temperature for designing heating and ventilation is adopted tn = 220 С (according to DBN B.2.-6- 31-2006).

The average temperature of the heating period is tcp = 1.6 0С.

The heating period is 187 days.

Design Solutions

When selecting heating equipment, additional heat consumption in the water heating system was taken into account.

The heat supply source for the heating system is an individual floor double-circuit gas boiler Q = 40kW. The boiler is located in the heat generator room on the 1st floor of a residential building (see part of the HS).

The coolant is water with temperature t = + 85 С.

The heating system is adopted floor-by-floor horizontal double-tube with lower coolant wiring from plastic pipes (eco-plastic). The two-tube system makes it possible to regulate the heat transfer in a separate room, and it is also possible to commission sections of the heating system in stages - as the floors are built.

Aluminium heating devices are used as heating devices

Ragall Top R 500/1 radiators. In the kitchen room and the living room, in places where large glazed openings are made, floor convectors with natural convection ImpKlima TK with a capacity of 0.722kW are used as heating devices. In addition to the main function, convectors prevent fogging of glasses and the penetration of cold air into the room. Convectors are mounted in the floor, in previously prepared channels.

According to item 3.14 of SNiP 2.04.05 - 91 the system is equipped with automatic temperature controllers for each heating device. Therefore, according to paragraph 3.47, the thermal power of heating devices is accepted 10% more than the calculated value.

Air removal from the system is carried out through high-efficiency air vents installed on the boiler bundle. Additionally, Mayevsky cranes are provided on each heating device.

Boiler equipped with electronic control and protection units

operating mode. In order to save energy, an additional chronothermostat installation is proposed to ensure the control of the coolant temperature at the boiler outlet depending on the time of day and outside air temperature.

Due to temperature control, heat consumption is saved, therefore

- gas flow rate.

The specific consumption of thermal energy spent on heating is:

q = 51.2 W/m2.

Ventilation

In a residential building, plenum ventilation with mechanical and natural motivation is designed. Air inflow is carried out by plenum installations: P1 - into the sauna room; P2 to the pool room; P3 to the garage room, the exhaust from these rooms is natural and using channel axial fans. Actuation of plenum units and exhaust fans is interlocked with lighting switches in these rooms (see electrical part of the project)

To create more comfortable conditions in the pool room, an additional installation of an air dryer with a capacity of Q = 0.4 l/h is offered.

In the heat room, natural supply ventilation is provided.

For a natural 5-fold (due to the pressure of the supply air from the neighboring room) inflow to the lower zone, it is necessary to make an inflow hole in the area of ​ ​ the stone. The opening shall be covered by a wooden ventilation grille.

Drawing from the heat room (sauna) is performed behind the cabin skin, through louver grilles located between the upper and lower shelves. To ventilate the cockpit between sessions and at the end of the working period in the ceiling, it is necessary to arrange a ventilation valve Ø 100150mm.

Mechanical exhaust is designed from the bathrooms (according to 100m3/h from 1 toilet bowl) using channel fans. Activation of channel fans is interlocked with lighting switches in these rooms (see electrical part of the project).

In the heat generator and kitchen, 3-fold air exchange is designed.

Air ducts of plenum and exhaust systems are laid behind the sheet bed

really a residential building.

Heating and ventilation equipment

Characteristics of heating and ventilation equipment are given in Table (see Sheet 2).

The design adopts Systemair TLP 160/2.1 low noise plenum units with fire-resistant insulation that reduces noise propagation.

To reduce noise and vibration:

- connection of plenum and exhaust plants with channels by flexible air ducts.

This installation allows you to:

- automatic control of calorifer power depending on supply air temperature;

- automatic air valve control.

Energy efficiency

Installation of data, automated supply and supply units enables automatic control of supply air temperature.

Water supply and sewerage

This section of the project was implemented on the basis of the assignment for design, architectural and planning solutions and provides for internal water supply and drainage of a 2-storey residential building, its binding to external water supply and sewerage networks, laying of an external network of domestic drinking water supply at the household site.

The project in section provides for:

- Internal water supply and drainage of a residential building;

- design of external water supply and sewerage networks

- laying an external water supply network to the reservoir, fountain and on watering green spaces of the household site.

Design and calculation of ViK systems are performed in accordance with the following requirements:

- SNiP 2.04.0185 "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings";

- SNiP 3.05.0185 "Internal Sanitary and Technical Systems"

- SNiP 2.04.0284 "Water supply. External networks and structures ";

- SNiP 2.04.0385 "Sewerage. External networks and structures ";

- MN 47880 "Instructions for design and installation of water supply and sewerage networks from plastic pipes."

Domestic drinking water supply

The source of cold water supply of the designed residential building is the existing network of drinking water supply of the cottage village

"Camelot," supplying drinking water with the necessary pressure.

The farm-drinking water supply network is designed to supply water to sanitary appliances, to the SPA pool and boiler.

The required head at the input is 15 m.W. The actual head in the existing farm-drinking water supply network is sufficient for the designed residential building.

To take into account the consumption of consumed water, the KVB counter 2.5 Du 20mm installed in the storeroom of a residential building at the elevation of -3.300.

In accordance with SNiP 2.04.0185 "Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings" internal fire extinguishing is not provided.

The network is dead end. The entry and wiring in the residential building is made of plastic reinforced pipes Du 50-15mm.

Hot water supply

The hot water supply network is designed to supply water to sanitary and technical devices, to the SPA basin.

Hot water supply is provided from the designed boiler to the fireplace residential building.

Designed networks of plastic reinforced pipes Du 2015mm.

Domestic sewage system

Domestic sewerage is designed to drain effluents from sanitary and technical devices, SPA basin.

The project provides for 2 issues from a residential building:

- outlet K1 - 1 is provided for removal of domestic effluents from plumbing appliances from elev. 0.000, 3.300, with subsequent connection to the existing Du 150 mm domestic sewerage network;

- outlet K1 - 2 is provided for removal of domestic effluents from the sanitary appliances and SPA of the basin with elev. -3.300, with discharge of drains to the designed sinkhole and their pumping by the submersible pump to the existing domestic sewage network Du 150.

Release K1 - 1 is provided in asbestos cement case Du 300mm, because the distance from the building to the domestic sewage system is less than 3.0m.

The existing domestic sewage network is in satisfactory condition.

The designed domestic sewage networks are gravity, made of plastic sewage pipes according to GOST 22689.389 Du 50 100mm.

Ventilation of the network is carried out through the projected exhaust riser Du 100mm.

Domestic drinking water supply

The source of cold water supply of the designed residential building is the existing network of domestic and drinking water supply, supplying drinking quality water with the necessary pressure.

Before entering the residential building, an inspection well with installation of disconnecting valves Dn 50 is designed.

Required head at input - 12mWH The actual head in the existing farm-drinking water supply network is sufficient for the designed residential building.

The project provides for filling and makeup of the designed reservoir and fountain installed in this area. In front of the reservoir and the fountain, disconnecting valves Dn 20 are provided. Activation of the fountain is provided remotely from the launch button, when the fountain is pre-filled. Start button is installed outside at the front door.

A network of domestic drinking water supply for watering green plantations with the installation of sprinkling heads has also been laid.

The water supply V1 Dou20mm (for filling, makeup of the reservoir and fountain, for watering green spaces) is provided only for the warm period of the year, therefore, a drainage pit with the installation of drain valves is provided for its emptying.

The designed external network of the domestic water supply system is made of polyethylene pressure pipes according to GOST 185992001 Du 50 20 .

The design water flow rate for external fire extinguishing is adopted equal to - 10l/s, according to SNiP 2.04.0284 "Water supply. External networks and structures. " External fire extinguishing is provided from the existing fire hydrant located at a distance of less than 150 m from the designed residential building. The technical condition of the fire hydrant is satisfactory. The certificate on the technical condition of fire hydrants is provided by the customer.

Domestic sewage system

The designed network of domestic sewage from the designed well 1 to the existing well 2 is gravity, and from the latrine pit to the existing well 2 is pressure.

The designed domestic sewage networks K1, K1N are connected to the existing domestic sewage network Du 150 mm. The existing domestic sewage system is in satisfactory condition.

Connection of the designed pressure domestic sewage system to the existing gravity domestic sewage system is provided with a riser with a guide knee.

Transitions of household sewage networks under the highway should be made in Du cases 250? 350mm. Also provided is the arrangement of the case Du 350mm on the section from the well 1 to the border of the fence of the designed residential building. Cases shall be made of abstocement pipes as per GOST 53980.

The designed external network of domestic sewage shall be made of polyethylene pipes according to GOST 185992001 Du 80-150 mm.

Electrical part

General Data

The electrical part of the project provides for the execution of working drawings on power supply, electrical lighting, grounding and lightning protection of the cottage.

Power supply to the house is from the nearest existing

VL0.4kV supports.

To distribute electricity in the garage, an introductory switchgear is installed - BRU.

For general accounting of active electric power there is an electronic counter of direct switching on.

The supply network to the BRU is made by a 4x25mm2 VBG cable on the cable along the external wall of the house and in the cable channel in the garage room.

Main Electrical Indicators

1. Category of power supply reliability: - III (third)

2. Operating voltage: - 380/220 V

3. Design power active - 40.0 kW

Power electrical equipment

Drawings for power electrical equipment are made according to GOST 21.613 88 "Power electrical equipment."

The main consumers for the voltage of 380V are the solarium and the hydromassage pool, for 220V are the supply and supply plants, which are blocked with lighting.

For power supply of the above electric receivers according to category III of power supply, installation of the inlet switchgear is provided.

Piping of electrical equipment supplied in package shall be performed according to drawings of manufacturers.

The power sewer is hidden under the plaster.

Power and control cables are accepted with copper cores of VVGng and KVVG grade.

Electric lighting

Electrical lighting drawings are made in accordance with GOST 21.60884 "Internal Electric Lighting" and in accordance with the requirements of DBN B.2.5.232003 and DBN B.2.5.282006.

The type of lighting is working, the lighting system is general uniform with the possibility of organizing local lighting from the outlet network.

Illumination standards are adopted according to the levels of visual works as per DBN B.2.5282006 and are indicated on the plan.

To illuminate the license plate of the house, outdoor lighting of the entrance and the garage gate, cantilever lamps are installed in the BRU shield. Control of lamps is provided automatically by means of motion sensors installed in place.

Group networks of working lighting are made with three-core cable with copper cores of VBG grade 3x1.5 mm2, and socket networks - VBG grade 3x2.5 mm2.

Cables shall be laid:

- hidden under the layer of plaster and in the cavities of slabs;

- risers - hidden in bars.

The house provides for the installation of an electric call with a button. In residential rooms, an office, in the kitchen and in the corridors there are terminal blocks for connecting lamps, and in the kitchen and halls, in addition, suspended cartridges are installed, ceiling plafons are installed in the pantry.

In the pool room, compact sealed lamps of the BRIO GE type with energy-saving lamps are installed.

In wardrobes and bathrooms, in the garage and utility rooms, the installation of sealed lamps with fluorescent lamps is provided;

in furnace - LPP08UEhn-2х18 (explosion-proof).

The lighting of the staircases of the house is made bra for incandescent lamps with the installation of energy-efficient fluorescent lamps with a capacity of 15 W.

The lighting of the area in front of the house is made by a 12V low-voltage outdoor lighting system using a low-voltage transformer for lighting 70210VA and half-meter-high light fixtures with halogen lamps 50V. Motion sensors are installed to control the lamps.

The lighting of the barbecue and gazebo area is made with ~ 220V cantilever lamps. To connect portable devices, a double unit is installed in the barbecue area, which includes a motion sensor and a socket with a hinged cover from humidity.

The artificial pond shall be illuminated with waterproof LEDs such as DOTit ® waterproof.

For protection against electric shock of the BRU panel housing, lighting fixtures and protective contacts of sockets, use a special zero protective core (PE) of power supply and group networks.

All metal non-current-carrying parts of the electrical equipment shall be occupied by connection to the zero wire of the network.

Energy Conservation Activities

Energy-saving measures performed in this project include:

Warming of external walls of the existing building effective heater (expanded polystyrene, thicknesses.100 of mm), R0=2.28m2oS/Tue.

Filling of window openings with double double-glazed windows.

Seal window and door slides to reduce cold air infiltration.

Reduction of room heat loss due to external inlet vestibule arrangement.

Design winter temperature for heating design is 22 ° С.

Automatic RTD temperature controllers of Danfoss company are installed on heating heating devices.

Water meter is installed on cold water supply networks.

An electric meter is installed to account for electricity consumption.

In rooms where two or more lamps are installed, two-valve switches are provided for partial disconnection of lamps.

The project provides for controlling the lighting of the stairwell along the corridor system.

Optimal sections of cable networks are selected in terms of voltage drop and loss of electric energy in networks.

Improvement of the territory

1 - house.

2 - terrace.

3 - a recreation area with a pergola system, a fountain.

4 is an artificial reservoir with a bridge.

5 - barbecue area.

6 - lawn.

7 - compost pit.

8 - two-level terrace with gazebo and swing.

9-canopy for the tool.

The area measuring 33.92 x 40.00 m. The fence - 1.5 m - made of silicate brick is plastered and painted with facade paint, the columns are lined with decorative stone, on top - 0.70 m - a forged pattern. Curling plants weave along the fence along the entire perimeter (you can maiden grapes, roses). Fruit trees are planted between zones 35, 5-8, 8-9 at a distance of 2 m from the fence. The whole section is divided into zones, between the zones - lawn grass. If they will walk on the lawn or play sports games, then you need to make up a turf coating with varieties of large, deciduous grasses more durable for uprooting (you can plant a mixture: red bush oatmeal, red dust oatmeal, thread-shaped field tree, narrow-leaved field mint). And if the lawn is decorative, then you need to sow a mixture of English mint, red dusty oatmeal, field mint, skinny mint, etc. You need to sow grass in loose fertilized soil. Sown lawn grass seeds must be fixed in the soil, irrigation in the form of rain. Per 1 square meters. m requires 2500030000 seeds (about 2540 grams). The frequency of lawn shearing depends on the purpose of the grass, the type of grass and weather conditions.

House (1)

On the left side of the central entrance, it is planned to plant three blue spruce trees, each of which is surrounded by textured boulder stones. Between the gate and the gate is a flower garden, also in stone. The decorated entrance will be picturesque and decorated all year round.

Before entering the house, on the stairs, there are built-in flower beds with weaving plants.

The distance from the house to the fence on the right side is a little more than a spirit of meters, so behind the house there is a path and plants weaving along the fence .

Paths

The tracks will give the site a tidy and well-maintained look. They will divide the site into zones, give direction to the look, create the impression of finality.

The width of the tracks is 1.2 m. The tracks are winding (straight lines will not correspond to the general style).

The garden paths are selected from two types: paved with concrete slabs of two rectangular colors (from terrace 2 near the house to two-level terrace 8) and colored concrete tiles of different diameters (from terrace 2 to the barbecue area 5).

Over time, grass will sprout between circles, which will make the garden path especially expressive and serve as a unifying link with the surrounding nature. On the left side of the track, tui grow (you can western Compacta), and on the right - garden lights.

You can move along such paths in any weather if concrete tiles are firmly laid on the surface of the earth. Building paths drowned in the ground is easy enough. First, you need to outline the track line using a garden cord. The top layer of the ground should then be removed according to the thickness and size of the concrete tiles to be laid. The soil is then compacted and the coating elements are placed in the intended locations. It is believed that the size of one tile should be at least 0.16 square meters. meters. This area allows the leg to fully fit within the cover member and not slip into the gaps formed therebetween. The laying process is completed by compacting the ground under the bottom of the tile. Gaps always remain between concrete slabs, the width of which can reach up to 1520 cm. Before grass seeds are sown in the gaps, they are filled with earth in combination with a compost mixture. Sowing with grass seeds is carried out at the rate of 2040 per square meters. meter. Soon a turf emboss will form, which should be cut regularly, and, of course, once every 3-4 years re-update. Here you should sow herbs resistant to trampling, in particular, common thyme.

The track of rectangular concrete slabs is laid in the same way, only the gaps are left minimal and they are filled with dry mortar from a mixture of fine gravel and cement.

Terrace (2)

This summer playground, attached to the house, creates additional comfort and comfort. The terrace performs the connecting role of a composite "bridge" between the enclosed volume of the house and the open space of the garden. For the summer period, a soft sofa, a small round table and chairs can be located on the terrace, potted plants can be placed throughout the terrace. On a hot or rainy day, it is nice to sit under the umbrella against the background of nature. Paths to the pond (4) and to the two-level terrace (8) diverge from the terrace. Directly from the terrace through the alley of pergolas you can get to the recreation area (3).

Recreation area (3)

The main attraction of this zone was a jet fountain in its center and a path swirling in a spiral. Wooden flooring, the so-called sleepers laid on the ground, should emphasize this spiral. The wooden flooring is simple and modern, so it looks beautiful near the water - it's nice to walk barefoot in a tree heated by the sun, to sunbathe. Ordinary board flooring in the garden looks natural, quickly dry after rain. Such designs are beautiful: the natural color and texture of the material are well combined with the natural environment. The tree that is used for flooring: tuya (its dense wood has natural protection from rotting). Other species may be used but should be treated with a preservative, preferably under pressure.

During the construction of the fountain, we place the exact place of installation with pegs or a garden cord, excavate the "mirror," not forgetting that the thickness of the walls must be added to the dimensions of the fountain. Accordingly, the thickness of the bottom and drainage layer should also be added to the depth. After a thorough excavation operation, it is necessary to make a formwork for concreting the internal surface of the fountain. When concreting, frost-resistant concrete is used. You can also install a finished or prefabricated fountain. Then we isolate and place the coating plates. We install water equipment. Water pump, tank, piping system, filters are required to obtain an upward jet and water circulation. The height of the water jet is determined by the capacity of the pump and the volume of water reversed in one hour. By making a constant or periodic cycle, water passes through nozzles of various diameters, by which the height and shape of the jet can be adjusted. A foamy white water jet occurs when air is sucked into the nozzle along with water. There are many types of fountain jets that form spreading "ball," elongated "cypress" or tensely curved, parabolic forms. Fountains with directional decorative lighting are especially spectacular.

The arch (the transition from the front of the house to the recreation area) echoes the pergolas and gives direction to the paired benches at its far end. This part of the zone is more intimate and sheltered from prying eyes. Here, instead of grass, there is washed gravel laid in a thin layer on top of stamped unwashed gravel and sand. It turned out a pleasant in appearance, solid and not requiring special care coating.

Pergolas in most cases support curly plants, but here they also create a shadow, protect against wind, and contribute to privacy. As a unifying link, pergolas connect a resting place to a residential building in a whole composition. With the help of pergola, you can effectively demonstrate the natural beauty of certain curly plants, which, rising, look more impressive. Perennial plants for pergolas (for example): maiden grapes, clematis, Chinese lemon. Optically pergola even slightly increases the garden of small size.

Artificial pond (4)

In front of the barbecue area (5) there is an irregular artificial reservoir. You can walk through this pond along the bridge to the barbecue area. Large boulders at the bottom of the pond are clearly visible from the wooden bridge. Plants living in nature near reservoirs (for example, swamp iris and hybrid lilac) give the lake a completely natural appearance. On the right side, branches of white Vitellina willow hang above the water.

The best time of year for building a pond is spring. At this time, plants have already accumulated enough strength for growth and development. In spring and summer, warm water accelerates plant growth.

You can also build a pond in the fall, while there are warm days when you can still lay the film. However, plants can only be planted in spring (in April), when the water temperature exceeds 15 ° C.

First, we determine the location of the pond and mark its contour. On the surface of the earth (inside the indicated contour) we dimension various zones in accordance with the accepted gradation. So, the marshy zone - up to a depth of approximately 0.100.15 m; shallow water zone - up to 0.200.40 m; deep water zone - up to approximately 0.601.50 m. Marking of zones plays a significant role in the formation of underwater terraces located at various levels of the excavated pit. It is on them that we will later be able to plant aquatic plants, when choosing which the height of their growth is especially important. Then we make the so-called "capillary barrier," which is a groove with a depth of about 0.15 m closed along the perimeter of the contour line. The groove is necessary in order to then hide the edges of the embossed film in it and tightly fill it with pebbles or earth from above. With this simple technique, we will simultaneously solve two problems at once: decoratively treat the edge of the film and reliably fix it at the upper level of the soil.

We cut the "mirror" with the required depth and curvature of the inner surface. At the same time, we must remove large and sharp stones and the remaining roots of trees. Along the way, we form slopes and terraced protrusions in accordance with marked zones. The bottom of the future pond is filled with sand up to 0.10 cm thick and sealed.

Geotextile, and then waterproofing film, are placed on the surface prepared and cleaned from sharp objects. Film should be laid without interference! No trouble if the film goes in folds somewhere. This is better than pulling it and subjecting it to a possible break during filling with water.

We fill a pit covered with film with water, plant plants, design slopes and edges of the created pond, and improve the area around it.

Barbecue area (5)

An impressive canopy stands on colonnachstems, as if growing out of the ground. Under its wing there was a place for a fireplace, and for a large oak table, and for a small straw table. Light roof structures contrast with powerful supports and a giant garden fireplace. Harmonious structure, combination of functionality and beauty. On the right is a large oak table and two benches. In the middle of the fireplace barbecue. The working area diverges from the fireplace on either side. On the right is a small thatched table with armchairs. From here you can see a reservoir, trees, a raised gazebo.

Lawn (6)

Between the barbecue area (5) and the two-level terrace (8) is a lawn, which in the future can turn into a playground with swings, a house, a sandbox.

Compost pit (7)

The site is equipped with a place for compost (7), which is located far from walking paths and is not noticeable. Leftovers of food, kitchen waste, garbage, tombstone, leaves, weeds, etc., are laid in compost heaps to obtain valuable organic fertilizer. A hole with a depth of not more than 0.50 m is pierced under compost. The size of the hole is 1.0m x 1.0m. On the edges of it are erected sides with a height of 0.200.30 m from boards, brick or concrete. Such a structure is easy to manufacture. It is closed by a lid, which will prevent the removal of garbage by birds, the spread of unpleasant odors. For convenience of use, a hatch can be made in the cover. It is very important that the water does not stagnate in the hole. The compost pit is fenced on all sides with low shrubs.

Two-level terrace (8)

The curved lines of the site correspond to the general style. The terrace is divided into two levels with steps in strategic places. The upper level turned into a round paved terrace, where an open circular gazebo is located. The lower zone is paved with stone squares, between which lawn grass grows. Near the steps, the stones are staggered, and then the distance between them increases and gradually one grass remains. On the lower level is a garden swing. Plants are planted around the upper zone, which fence it.

Tool canopy (9)

For the summer period, in order not to put a garden tool in the garage, it can be left under a special canopy made from the side of the courtyard, near the entrance to the garage.