Two-roll disco-toothed crusher

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1 GENERAL INFORMATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ROLLER CRUSHERS

2 DESIGN AND OPERATING PRINCIPLE

3 MATERIAL SELECTION

4 CALCULATION OF BASIC PARAMETERS

5 SAFETY IN OPERATION

CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LIST

Introduction

Construction materials science is a fundamental and continuously developing science. Specialists should know the properties of building materials; The raw material from which these materials are made manufacturing technology; effective field of application; correct operating conditions.

One of the main directions of the development of the construction materials industry is the further mechanization and automation of the technological process of production of products and materials. In recent years, the construction materials industry, equipped with modern high-performance machines, has carried out major activities aimed at improving the operation and centralization of equipment repair, introducing new rules for technical operation and planned preventive repairs, improving repair technology, as well as modernizing obsolete equipment, allowing to increase its service life and degree of use.

Machine excellence is determined by the following parameters:

1) Specific capacity is the number of products produced by the machine per unit of time, which falls on 1 kW of its power.

2) Durability is the service life of a machine until the wear of its part, to critical states by varying operating time or motor hours.

3) Persistence - the ability of the machine to maintain operability

after long-term storage.

4) Reliability is a general property of the machine, including its durability, techno-resource, persistence, repairability, transportability

5) A technical resource is a calendar service life in hours from the beginning of operation to the occurrence of maximum wear and tear of the part.

Technological progress in PSM is aimed at improvement of technological equipment (improvement of the above parameters) by means of their modernization during operation, and when creating new machines - in the process of their design and manufacture.

The variety of crushed materials according to their properties and the industrial objectives of this process leads to a large number of different structures of crushing machines and plants.

All used machines for grinding materials are divided into two groups: crushers and mills.

Crushers are machines that are used to crush relatively large pieces of material, the initial size is 100-1200 mm, the size of the pieces of the final product is 250300 mm. Crushers are used in mining, mining, construction, chemical and other industries to large, average and small crushing of various rocks. The degree of grinding in the crushers is in the range of 3-20.

Mills are intended to produce finely divided powdered material. They are used in rough, thin and ultra-thin grinding of limestone, chalk, marble, clay, coal, clinker and other materials, while the size of the initial pieces is 2-20 mm, and the particle size of the final product is from 0.1-0.3 mm to a fraction of a micrometer.

According to the design and principle of action, the following types of crushers differ: cheek (crushing occurs between movable and fixed cheeks), cone (crushing of material and partial bending of it occurs between two cones), roll (material is crushed between two rolls rotating towards each other), runners (crushing of material occurs between rotating rollers and bowls (movable or fixed) by crushing, crushing and crushing.

General information and classification of roller crushers

Roller crushers (rolls) are widely used in the construction materials industry, especially in the grinding of viscous and wet materials. Roller crushers are also used for secondary crushing of solid rocks (limestone, coal, various ores, etc.).

The working element in the roller crusher is two cylinders (rolls) rotating towards each other and extended by a distance determined by the maximum size of the output product. The material to be crushed, due to friction, is tightened between the rolls and gradually crushed.

Roll crushers are classified according to the following three features:

Roll machines for grinding and processing of materials are divided into the following groups:

1) roller crushers with toothed, corrugated and smooth rolls; 2) rollers for processing clay masses; 3) hole and stone-separating rollers; 4) roller units for fine grinding (fluffing) of material - runners.

Roller crushers, in turn, are classified as follows:

By purpose and shape of working surface:

a) for fine, fine and medium crushing of materials - with smooth surface of rolls, with longitudinal semicircular recesses on one of the rolls; b) for large crushing of clay materials with toothed rolls; c) for medium and fine crushing of clay materials and removal of stones - with one smooth and other corrugated rolls and with rolls having a screw surface.

By roll bearing installation method:

a) with one pair of movable and one pair of fixed bearings; b) with fixed bearings; c) with movable bearings at two rolls.

By the number of rolls in crushers:

a) with one; b) with two; c) with four.

By drive device:

a) with gear drive and cardan shafts; b) with gear drive; c) with belt transmission; d) with reduction drive and belt transmission.

Roll crushers are built with rolls with a diameter of 400 to 1500 mm or more. Width of rolls is taken equal to (0.4-1.0) diameter of rolls.

The degree of grinding depending on the properties of the milled material of the roll structure and the principle of the crusher is accepted: for hard rocks - up to 4, for soft viscous rocks - up to (6-8); when crushing viscous clay materials in toothed rolls - up to (11-12) and more.

The capacity of roll crushers varies from 5 to 100 t/h or more depending on the size of the rolls, the number of their revolutions and the type of material being ground.

Material Selection

The roll plate is made by casting from gray cast iron SCh 15. Drive frame is welded from channels. The channels are a rolling profile of steel 3-5. The crusher body consists of sheet steel 3-5 welded to each other.

Roll consists of band and hub on which it rests. The hub is made of gray cast iron SCH 15, and the shroud is cast from 110G 13L steel, containing (0.9 sound1.3)% carbon. Roll shafts are made of steel 45.

The end cover of the left bearing is made of steel 3 GOST 105074 temporary resistance 360460 MPa, yield strength 225 MPa. The housing of the left bearing is made of steel 45 GOST 1050-74

Yield strength 355 MPa, temporary resistance 600 MPa.

These steels have the necessary properties: workability, good weldability.

Conclusion

In many industries of construction materials ceramic, glass, cement and others, roller crushers are widely used, intended for large, medium, fine and fine grinding of materials of low and medium strength, removal of rocky inclusions from clay, etc.

The results of the work show a large number of roller crushers of various designs for crushing a wide variety of materials, especially as part of mobile crushing and sorting plants. This is because roller crushers are most suitable for processing very common materials that tend to stick or contain sticky inclusions. During operation of the crushers, the material adhered to the surface of the rolls is cut by cleaning scrapers and, if necessary, retracted to the side. The use of other types of crushers in the processing of such materials is either not possible at all, or causes frequent downtime associated with long and time-consuming cleaning of the crushing chamber. The ability to process materials that are prone to sticking on working organs advantageously distinguishes roller crushers from other types of crushing equipment.

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