Course Design for Vertical Cylindrical Tank

1. introduction

Vertical cylindrical tanks for storage of non-explosive and non-toxic liquids and gases belong to the first group of shell structures. They are manufactured according to general design rules and operating requirements of industrial facilities [2].

Welded sheet structures of the tank type are the main type of storage for oil, oil products and water. They occupy a significant place in the total volume of installation work performed during the construction of modern industrial facilities. The main features of these metal structures are significant geometric dimensions - on the order of tens of meters, large, calculated in kilometers, the length of welds, the density and strength of which are high requirements, the use of relatively small values ​ ​ for the manufacture of all the main elements of sheet steel.

Depending on the volume and location, tanks are divided into three classes: class I - especially dangerous tanks: with a volume of 10,000 m or more, as well as tanks with a volume of 5,000 m or more, located directly along the banks of rivers, large reservoirs and within urban development ;

Class II - high-risk tanks: from 5000 to 10,000 m;

Class III - hazardous tanks: from 100 to 5000 m [5].

The structures of the tanks are very diverse. The following main types are distinguished (Figure 1):

a) with conical roof and central stand;

b) with conical roof without central post;

c) with a spherical roof (for tanks with a volume of more than 5000 m3);

d) with floating roof [4].

The listed types of tanks belong to low-pressure tanks and are designed to store water and oil products with low steam elasticity ("dark" oil products), their internal pressure does not exceed 2000 Pa, vacuum - 400 Pa. Floating roof tanks can also be used to store "light" petroleum products, such as automobile and aviation gasoline.