Syemnik of bushings nsh-32

Contents

Contents

Introduction

1. Production and economic characteristics of the agricultural enterprise

1.1. Brief description of the production activity of the enterprise

1.2. Indicators of technical equipment of the farm and use of the tractor fleet

1.3. Repair and maintenance base

1.4. Engineering and Mechanical Engineering and Personnel

2. Design of Tractor Workshop

2.1.Offerings for Maintenance and Repair Process Management

2.2. Determination of Annual Scope of Work for Tractor Workshop

2.3. Operating mode and equipment time fund

2.4. Calculation of the number of workers and its composition

2.5. Quantity calculation and equipment selection

2.6. Area Calculation

2.7. Design of manufacturing aesthetics elements

3. Proposals for the organization of maintenance and maintenance in tractor workshops

4. Structural part

4.1. Description of the structure and principle of operation of the accessory

4.2. Calculation of fixture

5. Occupational and environmental protection

5.1. Occupational safety

5.2. Environmental Protection and Energy Conservation

6. Economic justification of the project

Conclusion

List of sources used

Application

Introduction

The development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Belarus in the coming years will be carried out in accordance with the State program for the revival and development of the village for 2005-2010.

It is envisaged to carry out organizational, economic and technical measures aimed at deepening the specialization of production, concentration of funds in priority areas of economy, intensification of agricultural production, reduction of its cost and competitiveness.

By 2010 it is planned to produce 8.4 million tons of grain annually, 9.0 - potatoes, 3.6 - sugar beets, 2.0 million tons of vegetables, 60 thousand tons of flax fiber. To do this, it is necessary to improve crop cultivation technologies. Varieties of high productivity will be grown (grain yield - 6-7 tons/ha, potatoes - 35-40, sugar beets - 45-50, flax fiber - 1.5-1.7 tons/ha).

Achieving these goals requires consistent intensification and comprehensive mechanization of production. In modern conditions, obtaining agricultural products in the shortest possible time can be ensured using modern machines and equipment, advanced technologies, scientific organization of labor and production. This can be achieved through the introduction of science and best practices, integrated mechanization and automation of production processes.

The Agro-Industrial Development Programme provides for an increase in the stock of agricultural production:

improvement of organizational forms and technologies of maintenance, repair and storage of agricultural equipment, careful attitude to it, economical consumption of spare parts, TSM, extension of service life of machines; Establishment of a system of dealerships in each area to service complex agricultural machinery;

the use of reliable technical means to ensure the production processes of crop cultivation, the widespread introduction of combined units in soil preparation and planting;

Creation of machine-technological stations and mechanized detachments using high-performance machines for

mainly due to new generation machines: tractors

Belarus-1221/1222, Belarus-1522/1523, Belarus-2022/2102, Belarus-25222V/2822B; combine harvesters of the Gomselmash factories (KZS7, KZS-8, KZS10K, KZS-11K, KZR10), Lidselmash (Lida1300, Lida-1700).

The basis of the machine and tractor fleet should be tractors,

manufactured software "Minsk Tractor Plant." Tractors of class 0.6 - 0.9 will make up 10 - 12% of the fleet, class 1.4 - 48 - 50%, class 2.0 or more - 38 - 40%. This will make more efficient use of the technical capabilities of mechanization tools and significantly reduce fuel consumption.

The structure of the grain harvester fleet should comply with scientifically sound standards. As a percentage, the share of combines with a throughput of up to 8 kg/s will be about 40-45%, 8-10 kg/s - 40-50%, more than 10 kg/s - 5-10%.

Technical re-equipment of agricultural production will increase labor productivity by 1.5 times, reduce the specific consumption of material and energy resources by 20-25% annually

to receive products by 20 - 25% more with the same fuel consumption.

Automation and telemechanics are increasingly used in agricultural production. This makes it possible to maintain technological and technical modes of operation and adjustment of units within optimal limits, to create more favorable working conditions for machine operators.

With complex automation, all process operations are performed and controlled by units that are equipped with automated control systems.

The use of microprocessor technology and microcomputers in automatic control systems contributes to a significant increase in agricultural productivity. Great opportunities will arise thanks to the creation of robots and robotic systems.

The application of modern advanced technology to agricultural production requires the development of a system of organizational, technical and other measures to realize its consumer qualities.

The scientific foundations of solving these problems are described in the course "Production operation of the machine and tractor fleet."

Repair and maintenance base

Tractor Maintenance Station is designed for diagnostics and maintenance of wheeled power-saturated tractors of type K701, T-150 and "Belarus"

At the tractor maintenance station, TO3, diagnostics and current services are performed, replacing the uncorrected units with new or repaired ones.

The structure of the repair shop is determined taking into account the production program and the peculiarities of the repair process and maintenance of machines.

The technological process of tractors, combines and complex equipment provides for disassembly, defect, repair of assembly units and parts, assembly, running-in. All these works are carried out in the respective sections of the CLD. Exchange units for repair of machines come from the technical exchange fund of regional agro-industrial equipment. Along with all necessary production areas, a concreted site is provided

for adjustment of agricultural machines, mechanized washing housing with

recycled water supply. It also provides for the availability of office premises, in particular an equipped rest room, a wardrobe for working and clean clothes, an office for the head of the repair shop.

In the district association of the state unitary enterprise "Rogachevagrokhimservice" there is a building of the STO. The following equipment is located in the STO: a test bench for diagnosing wheeled tractors, a set of diagnostic tools, a washing plant, a special mop with a tableau, an inkjet washer, a cabinet, a box with sand, an installation for washing the engine lubrication system of tractors, a rack for parts and assemblies, a installation for lubrication and refueling, a set of equipment for the adjustment assistant, a locksmiter table, a crane.

The locksmith room has a machine for repairing chambers (vulcanizer), a drilling machine, a milestone, a clamp, a cabinet for tools. The battery room has special equipment for preparing an electrometer, a transformer for obtaining the necessary voltage and current for charging batteries, as well as equipment for restoring batteries. On the territory of the organization there is a fuel and lubricants station, on which there are three filling columns. Oil and solidol are in special barrels. Equipment that has worked the season is put into storage. Before storage, it is washed, painted or processed where the paint has moved away. Lubricate all the necessary places indicated in the lubrication card attached to agricultural machines. The ICC maintenance planning is done by the chief engineer. It compiles a passage schedule, then for each type of equipment, depending on the periodicity .

Engineering and Mechanical Engineering and Personnel

In the workshops, control over the quality of maintenance and repair of machines, units and restoration of parts in large workshops of state farms and collective farms and repair and technical enterprises is entrusted to the engineer for technical control.

In smaller workshops of collective farms and state farms during the period of mass repair work, an experienced mechanic is engaged in monitoring the quality of repair of machines, and in other periods - the head of the workshop.

Tractors, combines and other machines repaired in the workshop are issued by the customer only after acceptance by their engineer, control or mechanic.

The engineer-controller of the state farm and the repair and technical enterprise is appointed and dismissed by the higher organization.

Check quality repaired in the workshop of machines, units,

parts; monitor timely and correct entry in

technical passports of machines of information on repairs and maintenance; take part together with the head of the workshop in acceptance for repair and delivery from repair of machines and units; check the quality of spare parts, tools and

repair materials. In addition, he is periodically obliged to check the condition of the measuring tool, instruments, devices and equipment; identify the causes of failures and failures of machines and units based on complaints or applications.

Machine operators control production directly through the chief engineer, all middle-level specialties report directly to him, as well as, and also maintain functional connections with other farm services of the enterprise.

Design of Tractor Central Workshop

2.1.Offerings on organization of maintenance and repair process.

The organization of rational machine use largely depends on the state of repair and maintenance production.

Created in the republic, unique in its composition and organizational structure of network maintenance enterprises in recent years, it has experienced serious difficulties and has undergone certain changes,

which had an impact on the readiness level of the engine fleet.

This is primarily a reduction in the volume of overhaul of machines, units and assemblies carried out by specialized repair

enterprises, the reorientation of individual repair plants to the production of new agricultural equipment, a significant decrease in the service in the performance of complex repair and maintenance work provided to farms by the engineering and technical services of the district level. The movement of the main volume of repair and maintenance work to the production base of farms due to the low level of technical equipment, the lack of qualified personnel of repairmen, non-compliance with the maintenance planning and warning system, leads to low quality of work, large downtime of machines during operation. The technical condition has significantly deteriorated, and the service life of the machine and tractor fleet has increased. In the workshops of many farms from several old machines, one is restored by using suitable components. At the same time, only if necessary, a minimum of new parts is purchased.

The strategic directions of the subsequent promising development of the sphere of maintenance and repair, effective use of the agricultural machine park are based on the implementation of the principle of the triunicity of scientific and technological progress: the production of new equipment - operation - repair .

It seems advisable to provide technical service, as a comprehensive type of work to provide the agricultural producer with machines, equipment, spare parts for them, create conditions for the effective use of this equipment, both in the warranty and post-warranty periods. These services should be performed by specialized services of trade, supply and repair and maintenance enterprises. The separation from the complex of technical service services and the monopolization of the most profitable functions of selling equipment at bases does not meet the interests of the agricultural producer or those with world experience. Integration of supply and repair facilities is required.

At the same time, repair and maintenance work is specific not only to the users of the equipment themselves, but also the responsibility to manufacture it .

This form of organization of repair and maintenance of machines in a market economy is accompanied by an anti-cost mechanism, which confirms its prospects.

The cost of repair and maintenance of machines does not exceed the cost of new equipment .

Proposals for the organization of maintenance and maintenance in the workshop and repair of the tractor fleet

The technological process is based on a typical technology for technological maintenance and repair of machines. The main method of restoring the operability of machines is the aggregate method using the exchange fund of units and assemblies, the restoration repair of which is carried out at specialized enterprises.

The ongoing repair of complex machines and units (engines, task bridges, checkpoints, etc.), associated with deep disassembly on complex equipment and subsequent containment operations, is carried out in cooperation with repair enterprises of the district level.

Current repair of assembly units is provided on universal stands and supports. Units requiring restoration repairs are transferred to specialized repair enterprises. Blacksmith, welding, locksmith, machine work, maintenance and repair of fuel equipment and hydraulic equipment, auto-tractor electrical equipment are carried out in specialized areas.

The arrangement of repair and technological equipment allows you to rebuild the workplace using the method of repair of a certain type of machines.

Procedure for organization of machinery repair process in STO.

The machine requiring scheduled maintenance or troubleshooting is delivered by the machine operator to the external cleaning and washing station. Cleaning should begin with components having complex, difficult to remove contaminants.

After cleaning, the technical condition of the machine is evaluated by diagnostics. For the machine requiring scheduled maintenance, a complete diagnosis (resource) is carried out, and for the detection of emerging malfunctions only from those components where failures are detected (application diagnostics). Based on the results of diagnostics, a decision is made on the scope, place and timing of repair and maintenance work.

Current repairs of power-saturated tractors should, as a rule, be carried out at the regional agro-industrial equipment tractor maintenance stations.

During the current repair, the components of the machines that have reached the limit state are subjected to overhaul, and those that have not reached the current state. Faulty components can be replaced with new or repaired parts.

Values of diagnostic parameters defining the limit state of components are specified in the corresponding regulatory and technical documentation (manuals, instructions, etc.).

If it is decided to repair the machine in the workshop, then it is directed

to repair and installation department, where after removal of faulty

components and their cleaning are diagnosed.

Based on the results of the assessment of the technical condition of the components, the possibility of their repair by themselves or at other facilities of the repair and maintenance base is established.

Under STO conditions, assembly units are repaired in specialized areas or workplaces. After repair, the assembly units are equipped for installation on the repaired machine, or sent to the warehouse of the farm for the exchange fund (if other assembly units from the exchange fund were installed on the machine). Assembled assembly units are installed on repaired machine, it is filled with fuel and lubricants, water and directed for running-in.

Small malfunctions detected during the run-in process are eliminated on the spot, and more complex, requiring disassembly of components, directly in the STR sections. With a good condition of old paint, the machine from repair is produced with the painting of individual places.

A repair acceptance certificate is drawn up for the repaired machine, after which it is sent for storage or transferred to operation.

Design Part

As a result of operation of hydraulic pumps of NS grade, bushings wear out, for replacement of bushings there are many methods and devices. But I offer my device for removal of bushings of NSH32 hydraulic pumps.