Screw puller - heading

Contents

Introduction

1. Purpose and scope of developed technological equipment

2. Technical characteristics of technological equipment

3. Description and justification of selected process equipment design

3.1 Description of the prototype

3.2 Description of analogues

3.3 Characteristics of optimal maintenance

4. Organization of works using the developed technological equipment

5. Level of standardization and unification

6. Description and substantiation of procedure and conditions of process equipment assembly

7 Description of structural elements of parts of process equipment assembly

Conclusion

Introduction

The development of a technical proposal is an initial stage of design and is essentially a reasonable answer of the designer to the question about the technical task and how to solve it.

The purpose of developing a technical proposal is to identify additional product requirements that could not be specified in the technical assignment, based on a preliminary design study.

The technical proposal contains a technical and economic justification for the feasibility of designing the machine, possible options for its implementation, as well as a comparison of the developed design with similar objects.

An integral part of modern production is the ability to design equipment, tooling and individual parts that can be involved in various technological processes, in computer-aided electronic design environments.

In connection with this issue, in the course work, the development of working drawings of the device in the AutoCAD system and, accordingly, the acquisition of skills in working with this environment is carried out.

The main goal of the course project is to acquire a skill in working with the AutoCad system.

The task is to perform using the AutoCad assembly drawing of the assembly of the "Pneumatic clamp" accessory for the production of "KamAZ" breathbars and the detail drawings of this assembly.

1. Purpose and scope of developed technological equipment

In mechanical engineering, clamping devices are widely used to secure the part and prevent displacement under its own gravity. The use of fast-acting clamping devices greatly facilitates the work of the worker, and in addition, mechanically driven clamping devices have a constant clamping force throughout the operation, while screw-driven or eccentric devices, which can lead to deformation of the part.

Pneumatic devices were most widely used.

Advantages of pneumatic drive:

speed of action - 0.51.5 s;

constant clamping force (in case of self-braking link);

possibility of adjusting clamping force;

simplicity of design and operation;

reliability of operation regardless of ambient temperature fluctuations;

longer duration of operation.

Disadvantages of pneumatic drive:

insufficient smoothness of movement and intermittent operation of working elements;

low air pressure in the main line, which entails an increase in the dimensions of the pneumatic drive when transmitting large forces.

3. Description and justification of selected process equipment design

The design of the clamps is very diverse, however, according to the method of obtaining the clamping force, they can be divided into mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic and magnetic.

Proper selection of clamping mechanisms and orientation of parts is important for reducing welding deformations, as well as for releasing the unloading zone of the device.

The designer designing the tooling must be aware that all parts of the fixtures located in the welding zone, as well as the threads of the power elements, must be reliably protected from the action of welding splashes.

Organization of works using the developed technological equipment

Safety requirements for installation and operation of pneumatic cylinders:

1. Cylinders shall be securely secured;

2. All bolts of cylinders attachment must be evenly tightened and safely locked;

3. During installation, it is necessary to strictly observe the parallel axis of the cylinder to the guiding movements of the working member.

4. The pipeline shall be thoroughly blown with compressed air prior to installation.

5. For reliable operation of the pneumatic drive, the air supplied to the cylinder must be cleaned of moisture, contaminants and passed through the oil distributor, where it is mixed with the sprayed oil necessary to lubricate the drive mechanism;

6. Cylinder rod must be protected from impacts;

7. Before long-term shutdown, the cylinder must be abundantly lubricated.

Operability, reliability and repairability of the process equipment structure.

One of the effective measures to improve reliability is to reduce the stresses of parts (increase the strength reserves). It is rational to use alloyed materials and heat treatment. For example, by hardening the lever surface, the wear life can be increased by 3-5 times or more.

You should also use standard subassemblies and parts to increase reliability. This is due to the fact that standards are developed on the basis of

a lot of experience, and standard units and parts are manufactured in plants with automated production. At the same time, the quality and uniformity of the part is increased.

The selected pneumatic clamp design provides easy access to assemblies and parts for inspection and replacement in the event of damage. The replacement of the damaged unit in the event of a breakdown is prepared in advance, which significantly reduces the repair of the simple device.

Level of standardization and unification

Unification is the most common and effective method of standardization, which involves bringing objects to the same type by establishing a rational number of their varieties. Makes it possible to reduce the cost of production of new products, increase serial efficiency and the level of automation of production processes

The proposed process equipment uses the following standard products:

1. Fork (1);

2. Bolt M206g × 32 Steel 45 GOST 1558970 (pos.6);

3. Nut M206N Steel 45 GOST 592970 (pos.7);

4. Axis (pos.8,9,10):

Axis 612 × 36 Steel 35 GOST 965080;

Axis 610 × 36 Steel 35 GOST 965080;

Conclusion

Within the framework of this course design, the assembly drawing of the "Pneumatic clamp" accessory assembly in the AutoCad program in accordance with STP UGATU 00298 was completed, as well as the detail drawings of this unit.

During the development of the "pneumatic clamp" assembly, the following additional requirements were identified:

1. Safety requirements for installation and operation of pneumatic cylinders:

- Cylinders must be securely fixed;

- All bolts of cylinders attachment must be evenly tightened and safely locked;

- During installation, it is necessary to strictly observe the parallel axis of the cylinder to the guiding movements of the working member.

- Pipeline shall be thoroughly blown with compressed air before installation.

- For reliable operation of the pneumatic drive, the air supplied to the cylinder must be cleaned of moisture, contaminants and passed through the oil distributor, where it is mixed with the sprayed oil necessary to lubricate the drive mechanism;

- Cylinder rod must be protected from impacts;

- The cylinder must be thoroughly lubricated before long-term shutdown.

2. Ergonomic requirements

- the room where the device should be located the required lighting and the required level of noise insulation for normal perception of visual and sound information.

- the employee needs to be protected from hazardous and harmful factors, while working clothes and personal protective equipment should not interfere with work.

Reliability requirements:

The selected pneumatic clamp design provides easy access to assemblies and parts for inspection and replacement in the event of damage. The replacement of the damaged unit in the event of a breakdown is prepared in advance, which significantly reduces the repair of the simple device.

Standardization and unification requirements:

- 5 standard products are used;

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